RESUMEN
UNLABELLED: Nutrition is an important biological factor, which affects largely on the development of the all functions of the human body. There is known association of the appearance of breast cancer with alimentary factors: inadequate consumption of fruits, vegetables, dairy products, excessive consumption of coffee, tea, sugar, salt, bread, fatty foods, overweight, early age of onset and frequent alcohol consumption. AIM OF THE STUDY: To study the prevalence of risk factors for breast cancer related to nutrition in the female population of the Omsk region. METHODS: An epidemiological (observational analytical) study of "case-control", which was participated by 1002 women (797 women without breast cancer; 205--with breast cancer). In the study there were used epidemiological, hygienic, sociological, statistical methods. RESULTS: Out of 13 risk factors for the development of breast cancer related to nutrition, for female residents of the Omsk region there were confirmed their importance: a significant consumption of black tea (OR: 5,182, CI: 95% 3,721 ÷ 7,218), an early age of onset of alcohol consumption (OR: 4,832, CI: 95% 3,477 ÷ 6,715), overweight (OR: 1,440, CI 95% 1,005 ÷ 2,062). Such factors as low consumption of fruit and dairy products, increased consumption of fats with high content of cholesterin, salt and coffee failed to confirm their relevance. CONCLUSION: In the female population of the Omsk region the leading risk factors for development of breast cancer related to diet, are: excessive consumption of black tea, early age of onset of alcohol use, high body mass index.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Mama/epidemiología , Evaluación Nutricional , Estado Nutricional , Medición de Riesgo/métodos , Adulto , Anciano , Neoplasias de la Mama/etiología , Conducta Alimentaria , Femenino , Humanos , Incidencia , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Siberia/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Evolution of key terms used in epidemiology of nosocomial infections is discussed. A modern point of view on terminology and comparison of Russian terms with foreign analogues are presented.
Asunto(s)
Infección Hospitalaria/clasificación , Terminología como Asunto , Humanos , Federación de RusiaRESUMEN
Sreening data obtained on babies aged under one and selected by random (1,910 children) or target (2,658 children) choice for cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection during the period of 10 years (1992-2001) were compared with mortality rate. The methods used were enzyme immunoassay, immunofluorescence and polymerase chain reaction. The babies were divided as follows: newborn infants (group I), babies aged 1-3 months (group II), 4-6 months (group III) and 7-12 months (group IV). Specific clinical features of CMV infection in newborn infants were studied on 69 cases (37--with CMV monoinfection and 32--with mixed infection). The serological screening revealed a 2.1-fold growth of the infection rate among randomly selected newborn infants during the 10 year period. Positive correlation between the infection rate among children of this age group and the neonatal mortality rate was established. High risk factors of CMV infection were revealed as well as increased infection rate and frequency of clinical cases with the prevailing neurological pathology in group III. Early diagnosis, the exclusion of mixed infections and early adequate therapy were shown to play a decisive role in the outcome of the disease. The algorithm of epidemiological surveillance and the regional program of prophylaxis were worked out.