RESUMEN
The analgesic and thermomodulating effect of the powerful narcotic analgesics morphine and phentanyl, included in liposomal suspensions, was tested in experiments on rats and rabbits. The aim of the experiments was to determine the changes taking place in these effects of the above analgesics, using as their carriers small neutral liposomes formed by phosphatidylcholine (egg lecithin) and cholesterol in molar ratio 7:2. The liposomes were obtained by applying the classical method of A. Bangham (1968), with subsequent ultrasoundtreatment. The changes in the body temperature of the rats and rabbits were traced in dynamics by means of electrothermometry. The analgesic activity was also investigated in dynamics, using two methods: thermal stimulation ("tail flick" test) and mechanical pressure (after Randall-Selitto, 1957). Incorporation of morphin and Fentanyl in liposomal suspensions was found to result in a tendency towards intensification and statistically significant prolongation of their thermomodulating and analgesic effects, compared with these effects of the free preparations. The pharmacological investigations carried out reveal considerable possibilities for a clinically favourable modification of the effects of the narcotic analgesics by means of their incorporation in liposomal carriers.
Asunto(s)
Analgésicos , Temperatura Corporal/efectos de los fármacos , Fentanilo/farmacología , Morfina/farmacología , Animales , Fentanilo/administración & dosificación , Hexobarbital/farmacología , Inyecciones Intraperitoneales , Liposomas , Masculino , Morfina/administración & dosificación , Dolor/fisiopatología , Conejos , Ratas , Ratas Endogámicas , Umbral Sensorial/efectos de los fármacos , SuspensionesRESUMEN
Fifty hospitalized infants and small children in the age-group of 3 months to 2 years admitted with scabies were treated with 5 applications of either 10% crotamiton cream or lotion on consecutive days. In this trial, the second to be performed exclusively in infants and young children, an improvement in itching was observed in all patients within 3 days of starting the treatment and the examination on Day 7 showed absence of skin lesions in all patients. Crotamiton cream as well as lotion rendered a 100% cure rate. All patients, including those having secondary pyoderma and/or eczematization tolerated the treatment with crotamiton cream and lotion well and no adverse reactions, either due to the topical application or to the transcutaneous systemic absorption of crotamiton, were reported. Post-treatment laboratory investigations did not reveal any unwanted effect due to transcutaneous systemic absorption of crotamiton on the blood, kidneys or liver. Crotamiton is the only scabicide available today which displays not only antiprurtic but also marked antibacterial properties. It is especially indicated in the treatment of scabies in children as they are very prone to secondary bacterial infection following scratching. In view of its good efficacy and excellent tolerability the 5-application treatment schedule, with crotamiton cream applied to the whole body from the chin downward, can therefore be recommended as an optimum form of treatment for scabies in infants and young children.
Asunto(s)
Escabiosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Toluidinas/uso terapéutico , Administración Tópica , Preescolar , Crotonatos/administración & dosificación , Crotonatos/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Pomadas , Toluidinas/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
The evolution of pemphigus chronicus has been studied in 3 pregnant women. In the first patient, pemphigus vulgaris appeared 2 years prior to pregnancy. In the other 2 patients the disease began during pregnancy. Both women were treated with corticosteroids during their pregnancy which was normal as was delivery. A complete remission was seen in the first case 7 years following cortocosteroid therapy, and 8 months after therapy in the second case. Prolonged corticosteroid administration had no adverse effects on the fetus. The occurrence of pemphigus chronicus in the Republic of Macedonia during the past 15 years was only 0.14% of all patients referred to the Department of Dermatology. Female patients with this disease slightly outnumbered males. All forms of pemphigus seen in this period were diagnosed both clinically and histologically. The total number of cases was 53, of which pemphigus vulgaris was 74.4%, pemphigus vegetans 7%, pemphigus foliaceus 9.3% and pemphigus seborrhoicus 9.3%. We present our cases of pemphigus in pregnant women with regard to the fact that only few such cases have been published.
Asunto(s)
Pénfigo , Complicaciones del Embarazo , Corticoesteroides/uso terapéutico , Adulto , Enfermedad Crónica , Femenino , Humanos , Pénfigo/tratamiento farmacológico , Pénfigo/patología , Embarazo , Complicaciones del Embarazo/tratamiento farmacológico , Complicaciones del Embarazo/patología , Remisión Espontánea , Piel/patologíaRESUMEN
Norwegian scabies in two female homozygous twins, 12 years of age, was observed. Both children were in good psychosomatical condition. Clinical signs of Norwegian scabies with appearance of verrucous and keratotic papules on the dorsal aspect of hands, elbows and knees appeared after a year of persisting typical scabies in their family. Serum vitamin A concentration was lowered. The pathogenesis of the disease is discussed. The long-standing typical scabies is thought to be a promoting factor for manifestation of the latent and hereditary predisposition to keratotic reaction of the skin.