RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: In the last decades, an increasing incidence of testicular cancer has been observed in several countries worldwide. Although mortality rates have been variable in many countries, little information is available from Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Therefore, we examined mortality trends of testicular cancer in the last two decades. METHODS: Age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) of testicular cancer per 100,000 men-years were estimated using the World Health Organization mortality database from 1997 to 2019. We examined the mortality trends and computed annual percent change (APC) for all ages and the following age groups, 15-29, 30-44, 15-44, and ≥ 45 years. RESULTS: Ten countries had mortality rates greater than 0.43 per 100,000 men, with the highest rates for Chile, Mexico, and Argentina. Significant increases in mortality rates were observed in Argentina, Brazil Colombia, and Mexico in all ages, and < 45 years, while Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, and Peru reported significant downward trends in males aged ≥ 45 years. Only Chile showed significant decreases for all ages and age groups studied. CONCLUSION: Mortality by testicular cancer increased among LAC countries in males of all ages and across age groups. A reduction in mortality rates was observed only in Chilean males of all ages and in men ≥ 45 years in several countries. Strengthening of early detection among symptomatic males may decrease the mortality by this neoplasm.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Testiculares , Masculino , Humanos , América Latina/epidemiología , Neoplasias Testiculares/epidemiología , México/epidemiología , Región del Caribe/epidemiología , Organización Mundial de la Salud , MortalidadRESUMEN
The introduction of eye-preserving therapies for uveal melanoma in the 1970s complicates time trend analyses of the uveal melanoma incidence because the proportion of morphologically verified uveal melanoma has been decreasing over the decades. We carried out incidence trend analyses, based on data from internationally accredited population-based cancer registries throughout the world that take missing data on topography, morphology and basis of diagnosis of eye tumours into account. We selected incidence data of cancer registries that were included in Cancer Incidence In 5 Continents, Volumes VI-VIII covering a registration period of at least 15 years (usually 1983 to 1997) and classified each eye cancer as morphologically verified uveal melanoma, clinically diagnosed uveal melanoma, uveal melanoma identified as DCO case (Death certificate only), possibly uveal melanoma, other eye tumour or unclassifiable eye tumour and calculated age-standardized incidence rates by 3-year calendar periods using the World Standard Population as the reference. The uveal melanoma incidence decline in the United States SEER Caucasian population is due mainly to an incidence decline in the early registration period (from 1974-76 to 1986-88). The data from France and Italy suggest a recent increase in incidence. Uveal melanoma diagnosed clinically increasingly contribute to the overall uveal melanoma incidence over time. Combining all registries, the proportion of morphologically verified uveal melanoma decreased from 82% in 1983-87 to 75% in 1993-97. Uveal melanoma incidence rates remained quite stable during the period 1983-97. The interpretation of uveal melanoma incidence trends is complicated by missing data on topography within the eye, morphology and basis of diagnosis.