RESUMEN

In the title compound, C38H28O6, the dihedral angles between the naphthalene ring system and its pendant benz-yloxy rings A and B are 88.05 (7) and 80.84 (7)°, respectively. The dihedral angles between the A and B rings and their attached phenyl rings are 49.15 (8) and 80.78 (8)°, respectively. In the extended structure, the mol-ecules are linked by weak C-H⋯O and C-H⋯π hydrogen bonds, and π-π stacking inter-actions, which variously generate C(11) chains and R 2 2(12) loops as part of a three-dimensional network. The Hirshfeld surface [fingerprint contributions = H⋯H (42.3%), C⋯H/H⋯C (40.3%) and O⋯H/H⋯O (15.7%)] and inter-molecular inter-action energies are reported, with dispersion (E dis = -428.6 kJ mol-1) being the major contributor.

RESUMEN

We report the synthesis and experimental studies on the liquid crystalline phase of a homologous series of compounds comprised of strongly asymmetric bent-core banana shaped molecules. Our x-ray diffraction studies clearly indicate that the compounds exhibit a frustrated tilted smectic phase with layer undulated structure. The low value of the dielectric constant as well as switching current measurements indicate the absence of polarization in this layer undulated phase. In spite of the absence of polarization, a planar aligned sample can be transformed irreversibly to a higher birefringent texture on the application of a high electric field. The zero field texture can only be retrieved by heating the sample to the isotropic phase and cooling it subsequently to the mesophase. We propose a double tilted smectic structure having layer undulation to account for the experimental observations with the layer undulation arising due to the leaning of the molecules in the layer.

RESUMEN

The title compound, C35H22ClNO7, is a non-liquid crystal with a bent-shaped mol-ecule. The dihedral angles between adjacent aromatic rings in the mol-ecule (starting from the cyano-benzene ring) are 72.61 (2), 87.69 (4), 64.08 (2) and 88.23 (2)°, indicating that adjacent rings are close to perpendicular to each other. In the crystal, the mol-ecules are linked by weak C-H⋯N and C-H⋯π inter-actions, thereby forming a two-dimensional supra-molecular architecture in the ac plane. The most important contributions to the crystal packing arise from H⋯H (59.3%), S⋯H (27.4%) and O⋯H (7.5%) inter-actions, as determined by a Hirshfeld surface analysis.

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The major morbidities of modified radical mastectomy both short- and long-term are sequelae of axillary dissection. Flap complications, prolonged seroma, need for axillary drainage, wound infection, lymphedema, shoulder stiffness, and paresthesia are major causes for morbidity after axillary dissection. Different techniques have been implemented to tackle these problems. Few of these include reducing the axillary dead space, using various forms of energy devices. AIMS: We have prospectively compared two energy sources, namely, ultrasonic dissector (UD) against the electrocautery dissection in axillary dissection for breast cancer with respect to outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred female patients with breast cancer undergoing modified radical mastectomy were randomized to either of the two arms - axillary dissection using UD and axillary dissection using electrocautery. The parameters taken into consideration were operating time, operative blood loss, amount and duration of axillary drainage, flap complications, nodal yield, and postoperative pain scoring. RESULTS: There were no significant differences overall between the two groups with respect to oncological safety and functional outcomes.

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RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Despite advances in preventive dentistry, edentulism is a major public health issues worldwide. Edentulism is an enervating and unrepairable condition and is described as the "final marker of disease burden for oral health." The objectives of the present study are to determine the relationship between socio-demographic variables and partial edentulism, and to evaluate the prevalence of various classes of partial edentulism by using Kennedy's classification. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted in an institution, on randomly selected individuals. The study group included adult patients who attended the outpatient Department of Prosthodontics during February-April 2015 formed the study participants. Data were collected by using a pre-formed pro-forma and Chi-square test was used to explore the relationship between two variables. RESULTS: A population comprised of 384 individuals between the age group of 18 and 35 years. Of these, 204 (53.12%) were males and 180 (46.88%) were females. Two hundred and eighty eight individuals were partially edentulous showing a prevalence rate of 75%. 51.04% of the study subjects were lost their teeth because of periodontol disease. 73.4% belonged to the upper middle class and 75.4% were in lower middle class in partially edentulous subjects. 45.8% had a fair oral hygiene status. Kennedy's class III was the most common type of partial edentulism in upper jaw and lower. CONCLUSION: The present study concluded that prevalence of partial edentulism among the study population was high. They need community-based oral health programs to increase the awareness and reduce the risk of tooth loss.

RESUMEN

In the title compound, C17H12O5, the dihedral angle between the planes of the coumarin ring system (r.m.s. deviation = 0.015 Å) and the benzene ring is 48.04 (10)°. The central CO2 group subtends a dihedral angle of 27.15 (11)° with the coumarin ring system and 74.86 (13)° with the benzene ring. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by C-H⋯O inter-actions, which generate a three-dimensional network. Very weak C-H⋯π inter-actions are also observed.

RESUMEN

In the title compound, C16H9BrO4, the coumarin ring system is approximately planar, with an r.m.s deviation of the ten fitted non-H atoms of 0.031 Å, and forms a dihedral angle of 25.85 (10)° with the bromo-benzene ring. The carbonyl atoms are syn. In the crystal, mol-ecules are connected along [001] via C-H⋯O inter-actions, forming C(6) chains. Neighbouring C(6) chains are connected via several π-π inter-actions [range of centroid-centroid distances = 3.7254 (15)-3.7716 (16) Å], leading to sheets propagating in the bc plane.

RESUMEN

The complete mol-ecule of the title compound, C17H16O6, is generated by crystallographic twofold symmetry, with the central methyl-ene C atom lying on the rotation axis. The carbonyl O atom is disordered over two adjacent positions in a 0.63 (3):0.37 (3) ratio and the dihedral angle between the benzene rings in the two halves of the mol-ecule is 79.31 (12)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules are connected by C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, generating (110) sheets. Very weak intra-sheet C-H⋯π inter-actions are also observed.

RESUMEN

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C17H18O3, comprises three independent mol-ecules with similar geometries. In each mol-ecule, the carbonyl group is twisted away from the napthalene ring system, making dihedral angles of 1.0 (2), 1.05 (19)° and 1.5 (2)°. The butene group in all three mol-ecules are disordered over two sets of sites, with a refined occupancy ratio of 0.664 (6):0.336 (6). In the crystal, mol-ecules are oriented with respect to their carbonyl groups, forming head-to-head dimers via O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds. Adjacent dimers are further inter-connected by C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds into chains along the a-axis direction. The crystal structure is further stabilized by weak C-H⋯π inter-actions.

RESUMEN

In the title compound, C24H23NO2, a whole mol-ecule is disordered over two sets of sites with occupancies in a ratio of 0.692 (6):0.308 (6). In the major disorder component, the naphthalene ring system forms a dihedral angle of 68.6 (5)° with the benzene ring. The corresponding angle in the minor component is 81.6 (10)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked into chains propagating along the b-axis direction via weak C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The crystal packing is further consolidated by weak C-H⋯π inter-actions.

RESUMEN

The title compound, C27H29F3O5, is a liquid crystal (LC) and exhibits enanti-otropic SmA phase transitions. In the crystal, the dihedral angle between the 2H-chromene ring system and the benzene ring is 62.97 (2)°. The three F atoms of the -CF3 group are disordered over two sets of sites with occupancy factors 0.71 (4):0.29 (4). In the crystal, pairs of C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds form inversion dimers and generate R 2 (2)(10) rings. The structure also features C-H⋯F and C-H⋯π inter-actions along [100] and [010], respectively.

RESUMEN

In the title compound, C(24)H(26)O(5), the 2H-chromene ring system is essentially planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.029 (2) Šfrom the best-fit mean plane incorporating both rings. The dihedral angle between the 2H-chromene ring system and the benzene ring is 21.00 (1)°. In the crystal, pairs of C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds generate an R(2) (2)(8) ring pattern. These contacts are bolstered by weaker bifurcated C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.

RESUMEN

In the title compound, C(27)H(22)N(2)O(4), the dihedral angles between the central benzene ring and the cyano-benzene ring and the 2H-coumarin ring system (r.m.s. deviation = 0.014 Å) are 22.95 (11) and 75.59 (8)°, respectively. Both terminal C atoms of the pendant diethyl-amino group lie to the same side of the coumarin ring system [deviations = 1.366 (2) and 1.266 (2) Å]. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by C-H⋯O and C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds and a C-H⋯π inter-action, generating a three-dimensional network.

RESUMEN

In the title compound, C15H14O4, the dihedral angle between the benzene rings is 67.18 (8)°. The Ca-Cm-O-Ca (a = aromatic and m = methyl-ene) torsion angle is 172.6 (3)° and an intra-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bond generates an S(6) ring. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds into zigzag chains propagating in [001] and C-H⋯π inter-actions also occur.

RESUMEN

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C14H11NO5, contains two independent mol-ecules in which the dihedral angles between the benzene rings are 89.27 (16) and 77.14 (12)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, generating C(8) chains propagating in [010] for one mol-ecule and [001] C(8) chains for the other. The chains are connected by C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and π-π inter-actions [shortest centroid-centroid distance = 3.5908 (12)°], generating a three-dimensional network.

RESUMEN

In the title compound, C(37)H(50)O(5), the central benzene ring makes dihedral angles of 39.72 (14) and 64.43 (13)° with the benzyl and 3-meth-oxy-benzoate rings, respectively. The crystal structure is stabilized by inter-molecular C-H⋯π inter-actions involving the central benzene ring and the benzene ring closest to the aliphatic chain.

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: While foot infections in persons with diabetes are initially treated empirically, therapy directed at known causative organisms may improve the outcome. Many studies have reported on the bacteriology of diabetic foot infections (DFIs), but the results have varied and have often been contradictory. The purpose of the research work is to call attention to a frightening twist in the antibiotic-resistant Enterococci problem in diabetic foot that has not received adequate attention from the medical fraternity and also the pharmaceutical pipeline for new antibiotics is drying up. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Adult diabetic patients admitted for lower extremity infections from July 2008 to December 2009 in the medical wards and intensive care unit of medical teaching hospitals were included in the study. The extent of the lower extremity infection on admission was assessed based on Wagner's classification from grades I to V. Specimens were collected from the lesions upon admission prior to the initiation of antibiotic therapy or within the first 48 h of admission. RESULTS: During the 18-month prospective study, 32 strains of Enterococcus spp. (26 Enterococcus faecalis and 06 E. faecium) were recovered. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was done by Kirby-Bauer's disk diffusion method. Isolates were screened for high-level aminoglycoside resistance (HLAR). A total of 65.6% of Enterococcus species showed HLAR. Multidrug resistance and concomitant resistance of HLAR strains to other antibiotics were quite high. None of the Enterococcus species was resistant to vancomycin. CONCLUSION: Multidrug-resistant Enterococci are a real problem and continuous surveillance is necessary. Today, resistance has rendered most of the original antibiotics obsolete for many infections, mandating the development of alternative anti-infection modalities. One of such alternatives stemming up from an old idea is the bacteriophage therapy. In the present study, we could able to demonstrate the viable phages against MDR E. faecalis.

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We describe the third fatal case of imported coccidioidomycosis in India in a 31-year-old mechanical engineer originally from Andhra Pradesh, India, who lived in Gwinner, North Dakota. He had traveled to Arizona in summer of 2006, where he drove tractors in a dusty environment at a tractor production facility near Phoenix, Arizona. He was human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive. Initially, he was treated in Fargo, North Dakota, in 2006, with liposomal amphotericin B followed by oral fluconazole. Antiretroviral treatment for HIV infection was started. He moved back to India and was admitted to the intensive care unit of St. John's Medical College and Hospital, Bangalore, India. His blood cultures yielded Coccidioides sp. The identity of the isolate was confirmed using the Gen Probe Accuprobe test at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia. In spite of initiation of treatment with antifungal agents (amphotericin B and fluconazole), his condition deteriorated and he expired three days following his admission to the hospital.

RESUMEN

In the title compound, C(31)H(38)O(3), the central benzene ring makes dihedral angles of 66.06 (9) and 65.21 (8)°, respectively, with the benzyl and 4-decyl-phenyl rings.

RESUMEN

In the title compound, C(17)H(16)O(6), the two benzene rings form a dihedral angle of 54.95 (10)°. Only weak inter-molecular inter-actions are present in the crystal structure, viz. C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and C-H⋯π inter-actions involving one of the benzene rings.