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1.
Am J Trop Med Hyg ; 33(6): 1218-27, 1984 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6507732

RESUMEN

The roles of various subtypes of the California serogroup viruses as infectious agents and as neuropathogens were evaluated by using the plaque reduction neutralization test. Sera from 394 patients with central nervous system (CNS) infections during 1971-1982 and from 501 persons without CNS manifestations were studied. Jamestown Canyon (JC) and La Crosse (LAC) viruses were found to have been common infectious agents in New York State for at least 16 years. JC virus was the prevalent indicated agent in patients with antibody to California serogroup viruses in screening tests (62 of 93 cases), followed by LAC virus (11 cases), snowshoe hare (2 cases), and trivittatus (1 case). In the remaining 17 patients the subtype was undetermined. LAC virus appears to be more pathogenic for children and to produce more serious illness, as judged by the frequent clinical diagnosis of encephalitis. JC virus affects mainly adults, and meningitis was the most common diagnosis. JC virus appears to cause a stronger neutralizing antibody response than does LAC virus, with a longer persistence of high levels of antibody. Some cases of JC virus infection may have been missed in the past due to the choice of a LAC-like isolate from New York State as the sole antigen in hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) screening tests. Comparison of the HI test and a single-dilution neutralization assay for screening for the two major subtypes, JC and LAC, indicated that the latter procedure is more broadly reactive and is less likely to miss cases if only one test antigen is used.


Asunto(s)
Encefalitis por Arbovirus/microbiología , Encefalitis de California/microbiología , Animales , Anticuerpos Antivirales/inmunología , Cricetinae/inmunología , Virus de la Encefalitis de California/inmunología , Encefalitis de California/inmunología , Pruebas de Inhibición de Hemaglutinación , Humanos , Pruebas de Neutralización , New York
2.
J Gen Virol ; 64 (Pt 8): 1699-704, 1983 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6192204

RESUMEN

Monoclonal antibodies have been used to show that an epitope is present on the G1 glycoprotein of prototype La Crosse virus that is absent or significantly altered on several isolates of La Crosse virus made in New York State, U.S.A. The portion of the G1 protein where this epitope is located plays a role in both virus neutralization and haemagglutination. Additional experiments revealed that under the appropriate assay conditions the monoclonal antibodies permitted discrimination between representatives of the North American members of the California serogroup.


Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Monoclonales/inmunología , Antígenos Virales/inmunología , Bunyaviridae/inmunología , Virus de la Encefalitis de California/inmunología , Glicoproteínas de Membrana , Proteínas del Envoltorio Viral , Proteínas Virales/inmunología , Animales , Virus de la Encefalitis de California/clasificación , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Epítopos/inmunología , Pruebas de Inhibición de Hemaglutinación , Hibridomas , Ratones , Pruebas de Neutralización
5.
6.
Am J Trop Med Hyg ; 28(3): 577-82, 1979 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-222159

RESUMEN

In a reveiw of 2,963 patients with signs of infections of the central nervous system in New York State in 1966--1977, arboviruses were found to be the confirmed or presumptive etiologic agents in 60 patients. California encephalitis (CE) virus was the most common (44 patients), followed by Powassan (POW) virus (8), St. Louis encephalitis virus (7), and eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) virus (1). Most patients (47) were children. The incidence of encephalitis was higher in patients with arbovirus findings than in infections with any other of the common neurotropic viruses. The disease was fatal in two patients, one infected with POW virus, the other with EEE virus. Most patients with CE virus infections resided in suburban areas. All POW infections were contracted in six rural counties known for their recreational facilities.


Asunto(s)
Arbovirus/patogenicidad , Encefalitis por Arbovirus/microbiología , Meningitis Viral/microbiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Animales , Anticuerpos Antivirales/análisis , Arbovirus/inmunología , Niño , Virus de la Encefalitis Transmitidos por Garrapatas/patogenicidad , Encefalitis por Arbovirus/inmunología , Encefalitis de California/microbiología , Encefalitis de San Luis/microbiología , Encefalomielitis Equina/microbiología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Meningitis Viral/inmunología , Ratones , Persona de Mediana Edad , New York
7.
Am J Trop Med Hyg ; 27(6): 1240-5, 1978 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31803

RESUMEN

An extensive outbreak of eastern equine encephalomyelitis (EEE) occurred in upstate New York during the summer of 1976, with 37 cases confirmed in horses by isolation of virus and/or by serologic examination. Other specimens collected in the affected area yielded 16 further isolates: 9 from 818 pools of 33,365 mosquitoes, 5 from tissues of 64 birds and 2 from 4 sentinel pheasants with serologic conversions. EEE antibodies were also detected in 81 of 499 wild birds tested. Our data implicate sparrows, cowbirds, and catbirds in the amplification of EEE virus and Culiseta melanura mosquitoes as vectors among avians. During the course of this epizootic a modified serologic technique involving hemagglutination reduction gave reliable diagnoses of EEE as early as 24 hours after receipt of field specimens.


Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Antivirales , Encefalomielitis Equina/inmunología , Animales , Aves/inmunología , Culicidae , Encefalitis/transmisión , Virus de la Encefalitis Equina del Este/inmunología , Pruebas de Hemaglutinación , Hemaglutininas Virales , Caballos/inmunología , Humanos , Insectos Vectores , Ratones
8.
Am J Trop Med Hyg ; 27(6): 1246-50, 1978 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31804

RESUMEN

Evidence for and against the hypothesis of transovarial transmission by Culiseta melanura was obtained during an ongoing eastern equine encephalomyelitis (EEE) surveillance and control program. Evidence inconsistent with transovarial transmission included failure to isolated virus from 1,047 larvae, from 2,140 first-brood adults, or from 8,919 males collected at the same time as 3,977 nonblooded females which yielded 12 EEE isolates. Evidence supporting the hypothesis was the isolation of virus from both blooded and nonblooded adults simultaneously and also from a population with a parity rate so low that the infection rate for parous specimens would have been 1:8. Two alternative hypotheses which assume transovarial transmission are advanced to explain these results, but they seem so unlikely that the data are interpreted as opposing the concept.


Asunto(s)
Culicidae , Encefalomielitis Equina/transmisión , Insectos Vectores , Animales , Culicidae/aislamiento & purificación , Virus de la Encefalitis Equina del Este/aislamiento & purificación , Larva/aislamiento & purificación
9.
Am J Med Sci ; 270(2): 335-42, 1975.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1235475

RESUMEN

Elimination of commercial blood, mandatory HBs Ag testing by third generation techniques, and detection and interdiction of incriminated blood donors have all contributed to a dramatic 63 per cent reduction in the estimated number of cases of transfusion-associated hepatitis from 424 in 1970 to 158 in 1973 and an even more dramatic drop in fatalities from 55 to 1970 to 10 in 1973.


Asunto(s)
Antígenos de Superficie de la Hepatitis B/análisis , Hepatitis B/prevención & control , Reacción a la Transfusión , Donantes de Sangre , Humanos , Estudios Prospectivos
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