RESUMEN
UNLABELLED: It is commonly forgotten that the osseous link between the tympanie and styloid part of the styloid process occurs in the fourth decade of life, and only then, the exact full lenght of the styloid process can be evaluated. Orthopantomography is a allowing to investigate the length of the process and to define it's relation to the other parts of the skull. The aim of the study was the length of the styloid process after it's complete ossification by means of orthopantomographs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A group of 200 patients, 119 female and 81 male, aged 40 and more (mean age 53.5 years) was investigated by means of orthopantomographs taken with Kodak 8000 digital camera. The length of the process was defined by considering it's ratio to the mandibular foramen and to the angle of the mandible. RESULTS: Ortopantomographs of 35.5% of the patients presented the process projecting above the mandibular foramen. In 8.5% of those cases, the process was not visible, being partly covered by the images of other skeletal structures. In 58% of the cases, the apex of the process was situated between the mandibular foramen and the angle of the mandible, and in 6.5% of the cases, it was placed below the mandibular angle. In most of the cases, the styloid processes on both sides of the skull were symmetrical. CONCLUSIONS: In the patients studies, 93.5% of the cases were considered physiological; they fell into the first two categories described above. It was concluded that the range of the length of the styloid process below the mandibular angle may be regarded as elongated, thus favouring the incidence of the Eagle Syndrome.
Asunto(s)
Hueso Temporal/anomalías , Hueso Temporal/diagnóstico por imagen , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , RadiografíaRESUMEN
UNLABELLED: The aim of the study was to estimate the periodontal state in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study comprised 100 patients with COPD (68 men and 32 women), aged 30-83 years (mean 63.1 +/- 10.17 years). All patients were in the II grade COPD (moderate COPD). FEV1/FVC<70% and FEV1 was within 79% and 50% of the predicted value. Beta2-adrenomimetic inhalants or in nebulization, theophylline were applied in the therapy. The control group consisted of 101 subjects (38 men and 63 women), aged 42-88 years (mean 65.3-10.36 years), with no respiratory tract diseases. The rate of smoking was similar in both groups. To examine periodontal state, periodontal pocket depth was measured (with periodontal sound), Periodontal Index (PI) and dental plaque index were assessed. RESULTS: The frequency and severity of periodontal diseases in COPD patients were demonstrated to be significantly increased as compared to the control group (p<0.05). Adult chronic periodontitis (ACP) was observed significantly more frequently in COPD patients (84.21%) than in the control group (59.74%, p<0.05). A positive correlation was found between periodontal pocket depth and dental plaque index in patients with COPD. CONCLUSION: The frequency and intensification of periodontal diseases speak for their cause-and-effect relationship with COPD. The prophylaxis and treatment of periodontal diseases should be of great importance in the COPD therapy, which may increase its effectiveness.
Asunto(s)
Periodontitis/epidemiología , Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica/epidemiología , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Comorbilidad , Femenino , Educación en Salud , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Salud Bucal , Periodontitis/prevención & control , Polonia/epidemiología , Factores de Riesgo , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
UNLABELLED: The aim of the study was to assess the state of oral cavity mucosa and teeth in patients with chronic obturative pulmonary disease (COPD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study comprised 100 patients with COPD (68 men and 32 women), aged 30-83 years (mean 63.1 +/- 10.17 years). All patients demonstrated II grade COPD (moderate COPD). FEV1/FVC<70% and FEV1 was within 79% and 50% of the predicted value. Beta2-adrenomimetic inhalants or in nebulization, theophylline were applied in the therapy. The control group consisted of 101 subjects (38 men and 63 women), aged 42-88 years (mean 65.3-10.36 years), with no respiratory tract ailments. The rate of smoking was similar in both groups. The examination of oral cavity mucosa and teeth state was performed in artificial lightening with the use of probe and mouth mirror. The number of lacking teeth and the advancement of caries were determined. RESULTS: Thrush appeared to be the most frequent oral cavity mucosa ailment in COPD patients. Toothlessness and reduced teeth number were observed significantly more often in COPD patients than in the control group (p<0.05). The frequency and the type of caries did not differ significantly between the two groups (p>0.05).