RESUMEN
PURPOSE: The aim of this paper is to illustrate imaging features of patients affected by congenital aural atresia (CAA) before and after treatment with a Vibrant SoundBridge (VSB) device implanted on the round window. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten patients (5 males and 5 females; mean age 22.1 years) with CAA underwent preoperative high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) to estimate the degree of involvement of the middle- and inner-ear structures and highlight radiological landmarks useful for surgical planning. RESULTS: Bilateral CAA, mostly of the mixed type, was present in 7 patients and ossicular chain abnormalities in 16 ears (94% of cases). The round window region was normal in all patients, whereas facial-nerve course and/or caliber abnormalities were present in 6 ears (35.3%). The tympanic cavity was small in 13 ears (76.5%), whereas the mastoid was well pneumatized in 8/17 (47%). CONCLUSIONS: HRCT provides accurate information about anatomy and malformations of the middle and inner ear and can thus assist the surgeon in planning the procedure.
Asunto(s)
Oído Interno/anomalías , Oído Medio/anomalías , Anomalías Congénitas/diagnóstico por imagen , Anomalías Congénitas/terapia , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Prótesis e Implantes , Ventana Redonda , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Transductores , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
A series of 6 patients with primary T-cell lymphomas of the central nervous system (PTCLCNS) is presented. The clinical, histological and immunohistological findings are shown. The lesions were infratentorial in the 34% and sopratentorial in the 66% of the cases. Of the 5 cases with an available follow-up only one died in the first year after diagnosis and one is alive and well after 42 months. These data agree with those of others series of PTCLCNS in the literature. In conclusion our data and those of the literature suggest that immunophenotyping should routinely be carried in primary non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of the CNS (PNHLCNS), because the T-cell forms run a more favourable course than the B-cell varieties.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias del Sistema Nervioso Central/patología , Linfoma de Células T/patología , Adulto , Neoplasias del Sistema Nervioso Central/mortalidad , Femenino , Humanos , Linfoma de Células T/mortalidad , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tasa de SupervivenciaRESUMEN
Oral complications of cancer chemotherapy have been studied in a group of 50 adult patients. A number of 25 patients was treated by means of oral hygiene and prophylactic measures: drugs and topical agents, while the other group of 25 patients had not received stomatological prevention. The goal of the research has showed that prevention measures and elimination of existing or potential sources of infection reduce and minimize mucositis, infection etc.
Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos/efectos adversos , Estomatitis/prevención & control , Anciano , Clorhexidina , Femenino , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/tratamiento farmacológico , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mucosa Bucal/patología , Antisépticos Bucales , Estomatitis/inducido químicamente , VitaminasRESUMEN
The authors report their experience of 53 patients with low grade malignancy cerebral neoplasms treated by means of stereotactic 125-I permanent interstitial radiotherapy. The method has been employed from 1981 to date. The authors confirm the validity of the technique in this brief report, and stress the greater efficacy of this treatment in young patients (less than 40 y/o) than in adults.
Asunto(s)
Braquiterapia/métodos , Neoplasias Encefálicas/radioterapia , Adulto , Neoplasias Encefálicas/clasificación , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Radioisótopos/administración & dosificación , Técnicas EstereotáxicasRESUMEN
Thalamic masses are generally considered inoperable; little is known of the precise nature of these lesions. Stereotactic biopsy was performed in 44 patients, with no mortality and low morbidity (only 1 case of transitory hemiparesis). The stereotactic biopsy (minimum 5 specimens taken along the major axis of the lesion) showed that the majority of the young patients (less than 40 years) had low-grade glial neoplasms (grade I-II astrocytomas or oligodendrogliomas), while in older patients highly malignant tumors prevailed. Beside the neoplasms in the children and adults, we found granulomas, abscesses, infarcts, hemorrhages and glioses. Present neuroradiological methods cannot establish a final correct diagnosis in thalamic lesions, so stereotactic biopsy is recommended. A follow-up of 1-6 years is presented for 7 patients who underwent stereotactic 125I brachytherapy.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Encefálicas/patología , Técnicas Estereotáxicas , Enfermedades Talámicas/patología , Adolescente , Adulto , Biopsia/métodos , Neoplasias Encefálicas/radioterapia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/cirugía , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Enfermedades Talámicas/radioterapia , Enfermedades Talámicas/cirugía , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
The authors report their series of 45 patients harboring inoperable, low-grade cerebral neoplasms, treated in the past 6 years with 125I stereotactic brachytherapy. The majority of these tumors were grade I and II astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas (82.2%). A 2.6- to 6-year follow-up shows good results in 65.6% with reduction or disappearance of the lesions on CT images and good social reentry. Nine patients (23.7%) died prior to follow-up. Young patients (less than 40 years) responded well to interstitial radiotherapy, while patients over 40 with the same histological findings of low-grade tumors responded poorly to this type of treatment. Diffuse infiltrating cortico-subcortical tumors, optochiasmatic gliomas, hypothalamic and lower brainstem neoplasms do not respond satisfactorily to 125I radioisotope implantations.
Asunto(s)
Braquiterapia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/radioterapia , Radioisótopos de Yodo/uso terapéutico , Técnicas Estereotáxicas , Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico por imagen , Humanos , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
We reviewed the cases of 16 patients with primary intracranial lymphomas. The clinical and radiological data proved to be helpful in suggesting the diagnosis, but only tumoral biopsy provided unequivocal diagnosis. In our cases radiotherapy proved to be the most effective treatment.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico por imagen , Linfoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Adulto , Anciano , Neoplasias Encefálicas/radioterapia , Femenino , Humanos , Linfoma/radioterapia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , RadiografíaRESUMEN
The opportunity of stereotactic biopsy for the histological diagnosis of brain tumors, the radiobiologic bases, clinical implications and technical possibilities of interstitial radiation therapy are discussed. The results of 9 cases, out of 14 treated to-date over 20 months, with a minimum follow-up of 4 months, are presented.
Asunto(s)
Braquiterapia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/radioterapia , Radioisótopos de Yodo/administración & dosificación , Adolescente , Adulto , Astrocitoma/radioterapia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias del Ventrículo Cerebral/radioterapia , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Oligodendroglioma/radioterapia , Glándula Pineal , Pinealoma/radioterapia , Dosificación Radioterapéutica , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
The authors studied 24 patients affected by anaplastic gliomas, as regards immunology. In all of them the authors evaluated the lymphocyte subpopulation (B and T), firstly by simple lymphocyte count, secondly by studying the rosettes E-total and EAC, thirdly by stimulating the lymphocytes with mitogens phyto-haemoagglutinin-P (PHA), concanavalin A (Con A), and pokeweed mitogen (PWM), and lastly by counting the release of Cr51 in Chang liver cells culture in order to obtain antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). The parameters were also evaluated after surgery and during conventional radio-chemotherapy with BCNU. Whereas the so-called B-pool seems to be unaffected, the preliminary results show that the T-pool (identified by the E-t rosettes and by responses to PHA, PWM, and ConA) is depressed to a statistically significant degree, if compared with a control group. This depression seems to be related to the tumoral mass, and it is not increased by radio-chemotherapy. In addition, ADCC also seems to be depressed in our glioma patients in comparison with a control group and witha group of bladder cancer patients.