RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Nutrition-related health problems such as obesity are frequent among children and adolescents of Turkish descent living in Germany, yet data on their dietary habits are scarce. One reason might be the lack of validated assessment tools for this target group. We therefore aimed to validate protein and K intakes from one 24 h recall against levels estimated from one 24 h urine sample in children and adolescents of Turkish descent living in Germany. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analyses comprised estimation of mean differences, Pearson correlation coefficients, cross-classifications and Bland-Altman plots to assess the agreement between the nutritional intake estimated from a single 24 h recall and a single 24 h urine sample collected on the previous day. SETTING: Dortmund, Germany. SUBJECTS: Data from forty-three study participants (aged 5-18 years; 26% overweight) with a traditional Turkish background were included. RESULTS: The 24 h recall significantly overestimated mean protein and K intake by 10·7 g/d (95% CI of mean difference: 0·6, 20·7 g/d) and 344 mg/d (95% CI 8, 680 mg/d), respectively. Correlations between intake estimates were r = 0·25 (P = 0·1) and 0·31 (P = 0·05). Both methods classified 70% and 69% of the participants into the same/adjacent quartile of protein and K intake and misclassified 7% and 7%, respectively, into the opposite quartile. Bland-Altman plots indicated a wide scattering of differences in both protein and K intake. CONCLUSIONS: Among children and adolescents of traditional Turkish descent living in Germany, one 24 h recall may only be valid for categorizing subjects into high, medium or low consumers.
Asunto(s)
Encuestas sobre Dietas , Dieta , Proteínas en la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Potasio en la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Urinálisis/normas , Adolescente , Biomarcadores/orina , Niño , Fenómenos Fisiológicos Nutricionales Infantiles , Preescolar , Estudios Transversales , Proteínas en la Dieta/orina , Conducta Alimentaria , Femenino , Alemania , Humanos , Masculino , Recuerdo Mental , Evaluación Nutricional , Potasio en la Dieta/orina , Turquía/etnologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Early age at puberty onset may predispose an individual to many currently prevalent diseases, including cancer and adiposity. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to investigate whether early life exposures influence the timing of puberty, as defined by both early and late markers, in healthy German girls and boys. DESIGN: Term participants (n = 215; 49.8% female) of the DONALD (DOrtmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed) Study, with sufficient repeated anthropometric measurements between 6 and 13 y to allow estimation of age at take-off of the pubertal growth spurt (ATO) and information on a variety of early life exposures, including birth weight, breastfeeding status, velocity of weight gain, and parental characteristics, were studied. Age at peak height velocity (APHV) and menarche were also considered. RESULTS: Children who weighed between 2500 and <3000 g at birth were approximately 7 mo younger at ATO than were the other children (beta +/- SE: -0.56 +/- 0.20 y; P = 0.006). Children who had gained weight rapidly between birth and 24 mo (increase in weight SD score >0.67) experienced ATO 4 mo earlier than those who had gained weight normally (-0.34 +/- 0.15 y; P = 0.02). Rapid weight gain was also associated with an earlier APHV (P = 0.0006) and, in girls, with an earlier menarche (P = 0.002). Adjustment for body mass index SD score or body fat percentage 1, 2, or 3 y before ATO did not account for these effects. CONCLUSION: In both boys and girls, intrauterine and early postnatal growth factors appear to influence both early and later markers of puberty onset independently of prepubertal body composition.