RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: The role of obstructive tonsils in ventilatory disorders and abnormal lip posture is widely discussed in the literature but remains controversial. The data reported on the probable relationship between obstructive tonsils and an existing breathing disorder or lip incompetence were subjective. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the obstructive character of the tonsils and the type of ventilation and lip posture. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study performed in children aged from 6 to 12 years old. The subjects were divided into two groups (A and B) according to the obstructive or non-obstructive character of the palatal tonsils. Type of ventilation and lip posture at rest were recorded for each child. The collected data were analysed using the SPSS 20.0 software (for Windows). A Student's t-test and a Chi2 test were respectively used to compare quantitative and qualitative variables according to the obstructive character of the tonsils for each group. The level of significance is fixed at P=0.05. RESULTS: The subjects in group B with obstructive palatal tonsils were significantly more likely to oral breathing and lip incompetence than the subjects with non-obstructive tonsils (group A). CONCLUSION: The clinical examination of children with ventilatory and postural disorders with lip incompetence must be directed towards the search for associated obstructive palatal tonsils in order to plan an early etiological treatment. This would allow to avoid subsequent problems in the dentofacial structures.
Asunto(s)
Obstrucción de las Vías Aéreas/complicaciones , Labio/anatomía & histología , Orofaringe/anatomía & histología , Tonsila Palatina/fisiología , Postura , Respiración , Tonsila Faríngea/anatomía & histología , Obstrucción de las Vías Aéreas/diagnóstico por imagen , Niño , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Maxilar , Orofaringe/diagnóstico por imagen , Hueso Paladar , Paladar Blando/anatomía & histología , Tonsila Palatina/anatomía & histología , Tonsila Palatina/diagnóstico por imagen , Senegal , Programas InformáticosRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: The role of obstructive tonsils in dental arches abnormalities is widely discussed in the literature but remains controversial. Data on the probable relationship between obstructive tonsils and the presence of these orthodontic abnormalities are subjective. The objective of this study is to quantify the relationship between the obstructive character of the tonsils and the dental arches measurements. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed in children aged between 6 to 12 years divided into 2 groups (A and B) according to the obstructive character of the tonsils. Dental intra- and inter-arches measurements are recorded on each child. Data is analyzed using SPSS 20.0 for Windows. A t Student and chi square tests are respectively used to compare quantitative and qualitative variables according to the obstructive character of the tonsils. The level of significance is fixed at p = 0.05. RESULTS: The upper dental arch depth is significantly more important in subjects with obstructive tonsils (group B). Dental arches widths are significantly more important in subjects without obstructive tonsils (group A). Group B subjects are significantly more likely to have class II malocclusions, open bite and posterior cross bite with mandibular lateral deviation than group A subjects. CONCLUSION: Early evaluation of children with obstructive tonsils can prevent dental intra- and inter-arches abnormalities caused by upper airway obstruction. Thus late and more aggressive treatments which are not always as efficient as when they were performed during childhood will be avoided.
Asunto(s)
Obstrucción de las Vías Aéreas/complicaciones , Arco Dental/patología , Maloclusión/etiología , Tonsila Palatina/patología , Factores de Edad , Obstrucción de las Vías Aéreas/clasificación , Cefalometría/métodos , Niño , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Hipertrofia , Masculino , Maloclusión Clase II de Angle/etiología , Mandíbula/patología , Maxilar/patología , Dimensión VerticalRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: The role of tonsils in the origin of sagittal skeletodental abnormalities has been widely discussed in the literature but remains controversial. Data on the probable relationship between enlarged tonsils and the presence of these abnormalities were subjective. The aim of this study was to quantify the relationship between the space occupied by the palatine tonsils and sagittal cephalometric measurements. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed on a group of children divided into 5 subgroups according to the standardized tonsillar hypertrophy grading scale. Cephalometric measurements were recorded for each child. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 for Windows. The strength of the association between tonsil grades and quantitative variables was assessed using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (Rho). The level of significance was fixed at P=0.05. RESULTS: Lengths SN, t2-p3, h-Gn and Xi-pm, and angles I/F, I/SN, i/M, SNB, SNPog and SNGn were significantly and negatively correlated with grades. The ANB angle, the sagittal position of the pogonion and the angle of facial convexity were significantly and positively correlated with grades. CONCLUSION: Early evaluation of tonsil size can prevent certain skeletodental abnormalities in the sagittal plane caused by upper airway obstruction. Thus, more aggressive late treatments, which are not always as effective as when they are performed during childhood, can be avoided.
Asunto(s)
Cefalometría/métodos , Tonsila Palatina/patología , Tonsila Faríngea/patología , Niño , Mentón/patología , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Hueso Hioides/patología , Hipertrofia , Masculino , Mandíbula/patología , Maxilar/patología , Hueso Nasal/patología , Paladar Blando/patología , Faringe/patología , Silla Turca/patología , Lengua/patologíaRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: The role of the palatine tonsils in the development of dental intra-arch and interarch abnormalities is often brought up in the literature, but it remains controversial. Data on the probable relationship between enlarged tonsils and the occurrence of orthodontic abnormalities are subjective. The purpose of this study was to seek an association between the space occupied by the palatine tonsils and the dental arch measurements. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed on a group of children subdivided into 5 groups according to the standardized tonsillar hypertrophy grading scale. Dental arch measurements were recorded for each child. Data were analyzed with software. Comparisons of qualitative variables according to tonsillar grade were made using the chi-square test. The strength of the association between tonsillar grade and qualitative variables was evaluated with a phi coefficient (φ). The strength of the association between tonsillar grade and quantitative variables was assessed by the Spearman' rank correlation coefficient (rho). The significance threshold was set at P = 0.05. RESULTS: The maxillary dental arch depth was significantly and positively correlated to grade. The maxillary intercanine, interpremolar, and intermolar widths were significantly and negatively correlated to grade. Grade 4 was strongly associated with molar Class II malocclusions, and posterior crossbite with functional lateral deviation of the mandible. CONCLUSIONS: Early evaluation of the size of the palatine tonsils would help to prevent orthodontic abnormalities caused by upper airway obstruction. Thus, patients could be spared late, more aggressive treatments that are less efficient than treatments during childhood.