RESUMEN
Resumen. La neuromodulación para el tratamiento del dolor se remonta a los tiempos de los antiguos egipcios, quienes aplicaban corrientes eléctricas producidas en la naturaleza para modular la sensación dolorosa. Desde entonces, este concepto ha evolucionado de forma paralela al desarrollo científico y tecnológico, y se han originado diversas modalidades de neuromodulación con indicaciones y características diferentes. Los pacientes con dolor crónico pueden estar en situaciones de incapacidad significativa, con importantes repercusiones físicas, laborales y sociales. La estimulación de nervios periféricos, medular crónica analgésica, cerebral profunda y motora cortical son técnicas eficaces en pacientes seleccionados, que ofrecen control del dolor con escasos efectos secundarios
Summary. Neuromodulation for treating pain goes back to the times of the ancient Egyptians, who applied natural electric currents to modulate the painful sensation. Since then, this concept has been developed in parallel with the scientific and technological development, and various forms of neuromodulation with different indications and characteristics have originated. Chronic pain may produce significant disability, which leads to important physical, social and psychological consequences. Peripheral nerve, spinal cord, deep brain and motor cortex stimulation are safe and effective techniquesthat control pain and improve quality of life in selected patients
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Dolor/cirugía , Estimulación Encefálica Profunda/métodos , Neuroestimuladores Implantables , Estimulación Eléctrica Transcutánea del Nervio/métodos , Selección de Paciente , Analgesia/métodosRESUMEN
Additional analyses were conducted on a recently published survey of persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) who used standing mobility devices. Frequency and duration of standing were examined in relation to outcomes using chi square analyses. Respondents (n = 99) who stood 30 minutes or more per day had significantly improved quality of life, fewer bed sores, fewer bladder infections, improved bowel regularity, and improved ability to straighten their legs compared with those who stood less time. Compliance with regular home standing (at least once per week) was high (74%). The data also suggest that individuals with SCI could benefit from standing even if they were to begin several years after injury. The observation of patient benefits and high compliance rates suggest that mobile standing devices should be more strongly considered as a major intervention for relief from secondary medical complications and improvement in overall quality of life of individuals with SCI.