RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Aim: Optimization of the clinical and diagnostic examination algorithm of patients with cross bite, aggravated by cranio-mandibular dysfunction and postural disorders. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: 22 patients aged 13-16 years with cross bite with displacement of the lower jaw were examined. The first group consisted of 15 people with a right-sided displacement of the lower jaw, the second - 7 patients with a left-sided one. The condition of the musculoskeletal system was assessed by the position of the head, shoulders, shoulder blades, back (curvature of the spine), legs, chest shape, and abdomen. To determine the state of stability of the body in space, posturological and kinesiological tests were performed. The location of TMJ elements was evaluated on orthopantomograms. Statistical processing of the material was carried out with the help of the "Excel" license package. RESULTS: Results: 63.64% of patients with a cross bite have disorders of the musculoskeletal system: scoliotic posture - 40.91% and scoliosis - 22.73%. TMJ dysfunction was detected in all examined patients. It was established that the anatomical and topographic features of the joint elements depend on the side of the lower jaw displacement. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The functional imbalance of all structural elements of the musculoskeletal system and the cranio-mandibular complex determined during the research proved the need to optimize the clinical-diagnostic algorithm: consultation of a traumatologist-orthopedic doctor, X-ray examination of TMJ, conducting posturological tests.
Asunto(s)
Maloclusión , Humanos , Maloclusión/complicaciones , RadiografíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim: A systematic analysis and generalization of scienti!c information of Ukrainian scientists about planning of the stages of diagnosis of patients with TMJ diseases, which will allow to optimize the commonly accepted examination algorithm. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: Scienti!c analysis and generalization of obtained data of literary sources of Ukrainian scientists articles with characteristics of planning stages of diagnosis of patients with TMJ diseases is based on such databases as Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, PubMed, NCBI, the study of which does not exceed 6 years, including monographs and results clinical research. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The results of scienti!c research by Ukrainian scientists are the basis for increasing the effectiveness of diagnosis of TMJ diseases by improving complex examination methods and implementing clinical algorithms, which will allow to choose adequate treatment methods.
Asunto(s)
Trastornos de la Articulación Temporomandibular , Articulación Temporomandibular , Humanos , Algoritmos , Trastornos de la Articulación Temporomandibular/diagnósticoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim: To analyze modern research methods that allow to determine the features of the position of the tongue during the functions of swallowing and speech. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: An analysis of 37 literature sources, which contains information about the methods of examination of patients with dento-maxillar anomalies. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The functions of the tongue (swallowing and speaking) are very complex and coordinated movements that require the activation of many anatomical structures. Therefore, the disorders of the tongue during swallowing and speech are still considered by scientists as the most difficult in terms of correction and achieving of the long-term and stable results of orthodontic treatment. The study of modern trends in the diagnosis of the state of language functions in terms of understanding the functioning of the dental-maxillary area as a masticatory organ, the work and condition of the components of which depend on many systems of the human body, is relevant. Thus, the emergence of new and modifications of existing research methods undoubtedly expand the capabilities of modern orthodontists. However, this does not reduce the importance of the clinical stage of examination of patients with disorders of the maxillofacial area, including the functions of the tongue. Therefore, it is necessary to know and understand the advantages and disadvantages of modern and existing research technologies, which will allow to choose a communicatively integrated and differentiated approach to diagnostic issues in each clinical case.
Asunto(s)
Habla , Lengua , Deglución , Humanos , MaxilarRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Introduction: A stable state of musculoskeletal system is provided by harmony of occlusion, the anatomy of temporomandibular joints, and the activity of the masticatory muscles under the control of peripheral and central nervous system. Surface electromyography (EMG) is a well-used modality and is used in dentistry to access the status of the muscles of mastication. The aim of the research was to evaluate the EMG-characteristic of masticatory muscles in patients with TMD and Angle Class II malocclusion. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The study comprised 23 patients with Angle Class II malocclusion and TMD. The average age of the subjects was 26,5 ± 2,3 years. Malocclusion was evaluated according to Angle classification, TMD - according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC/TMD). Registration of EMG-activity of masseter and anterior temporalis muscles was performed during maximum voluntary clenching, clenching on the right and left sides. RESULTS: Results: EMG-activity of masticatory muscles are characterized by: 1) increased values of EMG-activity of temporal and masseter muscles - peak and average amplitude in tests of unilateral clenching and maximum clenching (values are greater than 2000 µV); 2) in unilateral clenching of jaws (on the left or right) the increased EMG-activity was detected on the balancing side; 3) in unilateral clenching of jaws (on the left or right) the increased muscle activity on the working side with disproportional (asymmetric) load distribution between masseter and temporal muscles has been found. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Patients with Angle Class II malocclusion and TMD were found features of EMG-activity of masticatory muscles.
Asunto(s)
Maloclusión Clase II de Angle , Maloclusión , Trastornos de la Articulación Temporomandibular , Adulto , Electromiografía , Humanos , Músculos Masticadores , Contracción Muscular , Músculo Temporal , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Introduction: The main task of modern orthodontics is to create a balanced, morphologically stable occlusion in harmony with facial aesthetics and functional adaptation. The aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between dento-facial anomalies and somatic pathology. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: A literary study was conducted using the Medline database and the Google Scholar database. RESULTS: Review: The human body is a biological system consisting of interconnected and subordinate elements. Any abnormalities in the operation of this system may lead to functional impairment in a single organ. This is fully applicable to dento-facial anomalies and deformations; their development is closely related to other diseases. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The diagnostics, treatment tactics and prevention of dento-facial anomalies and deformations should be considered in the context of the integrity of the child's unformed organism, the interdependence of the form and functions of its organs and systems.
Asunto(s)
Maloclusión , Ortodoncia , Cara , HumanosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Introduction: Many research studies involving orthodontic patients focus on changes in levels of oral microbiocenosis after bracket placement. Based upon this the objective of the current study was to determine the effect of the developed mucosal gel with probiotics on the biochemical parameters of the oral fluid of patients during the orthodontic treatment with a bracket system. The aim: Aim of our study is to determine the effect of the developed mucosal gel with probiotics on the biochemical parameters of the oral fluid of patients during the orthodontic treatment with a bracket system. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: 45 patients at the age of 18-24, with 15 people in each group (control, main and comparison group) were examined. The main group was presented by patients who, in order to prevent dysbiosis of the oral cavity during orthodontic treatment, were prescribed local use of the developed mucosal gel with probiotic. The statistical processing of the results of the study was carried out using methods of variation statistics using the EXCEL program (the standard package of Microsoft Office). RESULTS: Results: According to the results of biochemical studies, it was found that the use of orthodontic treatment of mucosal gel with probiotic in patients with crowded teeth contributes to the strengthening of antioxidant protection, an increase in nonspecific resistance, decrease in inflammation and normalization of microbiocenosis of the oral cavity. CONCLUSION: Conclusion: These studies indicated that the use of the developed mucosal gel with probiotic in patients with maxillofacial anomalies from the first day after fixation, as indicated by the level of biochemical markers of inflammation.