RESUMEN
Data from modern scientific literature concerning general characteristics of fructose-bisphosphatase--the key enzyme of microorganisms gluconeogenesis pathway have been analyzed in the survey. The conditions of fructose-bisphosphatase functioning in the cell--activation and repression, have been described. Regulation of prokaryotes enzyme activity by fructose-1.6-bisphosphate, fructose-2.6-bisphosphate, phosphoenol pyruvate, metal cation, etc., is discussed. Absolute dependence of fructose-bisphosphatase activity on cations of bivalent metals (Mg2+, Mn2+) and AMP is shown. Special attention was given to the functioning and characteristics of the enzyme in prokaryotes and eukaryotes: their similarity and differences. Data about the basic enzyme of gluconeogenesis pathway in Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms, conditions of its functioning in autotrophs and heterotrophs have been generalized for the first time. Genetical and molecular biological properties of fructose-bisphosphatase in microorganisms have been considered. At the same time, the fact is established that the above enzyme has not been investigated in numerous microorganisms.
Asunto(s)
Bacterias/enzimología , Proteínas Bacterianas , Fructosa-Bifosfatasa/metabolismo , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Bacillus subtilis/química , Bacillus subtilis/genética , Secuencia de Bases , Proteínas Portadoras/genética , Células Eucariotas/metabolismo , Gluconeogénesis , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Células Procariotas/enzimologíaRESUMEN
As a result of comparative analysis of interaction intensity of plant lectins, specific to certain monosaccharides with surface glycopolymers of philogenetically close groups of microorganisms--mollicutes and representatives of group Bacillus--Lactobacillus--Streptococcus the authors have established common features: availability of alpha- and beta-D-galactose, sialic acids, L-fucose, N-acetylglucosamine, alpha-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine and alpha-D-mannose in their glycocalyx, that is a phenotypical manifestation of genetic relations between these microorganisms. The dependence between the availability of sialic acids and L-fucose in the composition of terminal structures of microorganisms glycocalyx and their capacity to occupy certain ecological niches have been found out.