RESUMEN
Investigators from the Research Institute of Oncology and Radiology (Kyrgyzstan) from 1988 to 1994 have conducted a randomized trial entering 122 patients with prostatic cancer. 44 patients received radiation treatment (group 1), 43 patients in addition to radiation were given chemotherapy and estrogens (group 2), 35 patients received drugs and estrogens (group 3). A complete response was registered in 80 (65.5%) patients. 84.2% and 69.8% of them survived 3 and 5 years, respectively. Of 30 patients 24.5%) with partial response 3- and 5-year survival was recorded in 82.8 and 57.3%, respectively. Morphological examination of transrectal prostatic biopsies 3-72 months after the treatment stated the existence of tumor pathomorphosis and unchanged tumor in 111(29.7%) and 42(11.2%) samples. It was found that the above morphological changes had developed throughout 72 months. Their intensity was the greatest within the first after-treatment year. Long-term outcomes proved better in those patients who had no residual tumor and in those who had tumor pathomorphosis during aftertreatment year 1.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma/patología , Neoplasias de la Próstata/patología , Anciano , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Carcinoma/mortalidad , Carcinoma/terapia , Terapia Combinada , Quimioterapia Combinada , Congéneres del Estradiol/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Pronóstico , Neoplasias de la Próstata/mortalidad , Neoplasias de la Próstata/terapia , Dosificación Radioterapéutica , Inducción de Remisión , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Alterations in ploidy of hepatocyte nuclei were followed in experiments on 190 rats with transplantable tumors during liver regeneration and x-ray irradiation. The presence of the growing transplantable tumor in the animal's body led to alterations in the nuclear structure of hepatocytes, manifesting in the increased ploidy. X-Ray irradiation brought about a rise in hepatocyte ploidy which was more remarkable the higher the dose. Under such conditions, polyploidy of hepatocyte nuclei was more pronounced in tumor-bearing rats than in those without tumors. An abrupt increase in ploidy of hepatocyte nuclei occurred in the regenerating liver of tumor-bearing animals both non-irradiated and, particularly, irradiated ones.
Asunto(s)
Regeneración Hepática , Hígado/ultraestructura , Neoplasias Experimentales/genética , Ploidias , Animales , Núcleo Celular/ultraestructura , Femenino , Masculino , Neoplasias Experimentales/radioterapia , Neoplasias Experimentales/ultraestructura , Ratas , Sarcoma Experimental/genética , Sarcoma Experimental/ultraestructuraRESUMEN
Histoautoradiographic procedures were employed to establish the level of cell proliferation in gastric epithelium, using biopsy material from 84 patients suffering from gastritis--59 cases (superficial)--10, glandular lesions other than atrophy--18, mild atrophy--13, moderate atrophy--11, severe atrophy--7), 17 cases of peptic ulcer and 8 patients with adenomatous polyposis. Cell proliferation level in patients with peptic ulcer and polyps was identical to those in cases of non-atrophic gastritis or mild atrophy of mucosa. In cases of gastritis, the rise in cell proliferation is matched by the advancement of atrophic changes and reaches its peak in patients with severe atrophic gastritis. It is suggested that chronic gastritis involving pronounced atrophy of mucosa constitutes the most important factor of risk of cancer among the other precancerous lesions of the stomach.
Asunto(s)
ADN de Neoplasias/biosíntesis , Lesiones Precancerosas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Gástricas/metabolismo , Autorradiografía , Transformación Celular Neoplásica/metabolismo , ADN/biosíntesis , Epitelio/metabolismo , Gastritis/metabolismo , Humanos , Pólipos/metabolismo , Úlcera Gástrica/metabolismoRESUMEN
The growing tumor in the organism causes the inflammatory, dystrophic and necrotic changes in the liver and stimulates its regeneration. During X-irradiation there is a summation of the tumor and X-ray effects. The rate of the reparative regeneration is sharply inhibited in later stages of the tumor growth, moreover this inhibition is reduced by irradiation. During X-irradiation poliploidization (the appearance of uninuclear poliploid and increase of binuclear hepatocytes) and sharp proliferation of stroma elements but not proliferation of the parenchyma cells predominate in the mechanism of the liver regeneration.