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In 34 patients operated on in emergency for complications of cancer of the colon (CC) it was found that complications prevailed in stage III of disease and were mainly represented by occlusions which were more frequent in left colon cancer. Radical surgery proved preferable to the palliative one. The mean survival time in months after emergency surgery for complications of CC was longer for right colon localizations and after radical surgery. The survival after 5 years was of 13%.

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The study of 248 patients mostly males, aged over 50 years, operated on for gastric cancer (GC) has shown that the majority were in stages III and IV of disease. The antral localization of the tumor was the most frequent. In 6.45% of the cases acute complications occurred during the evolution of gastric cancer. Association with other diseases was found in proportion of 5.64%. The surgical treatment was differentiated according to the site and evolutive stage of the tumor but the most frequent was radical subtotal gastrectomy. The postoperative complications were either general or local. Postoperative mortality was higher in cancers situated in the upper third of the stomach, after total gastrectomy, and in stage IV of disease. The 5-year survival was 66.66% for stage II and 10.18% for stage III and the 10-year survival decreased to 40 and respectively 1.85%.

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The study of 205 patients showed that complicated gastric ulcer (GU) (55.57%) is followed by a high postoperative morbidity (8.78%) and mortality (1.95%). The good and very good results obtained by gastric resection (89.84%) confirm the value of this treatment in GU. The satisfactory (8.40%) and unsatisfactory (1.69%) results arise from errors of indications or deviation from the operative approach and technique. To obtain the best results the surgical act must be performed irreproachably and the patient must comply with protection prescriptions.

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For the prevention of postoperative thromboembolic complications (TEC) in patients with thromboembolic risk, heparin was administered subcutaneously in small doses, adapted to each patient. The efficiency of each method was confirmed clinically by the absence of TEC, verified by the administration of labelled fibrinogen and by the anatomopathologic examination. In contrast, in the control group there were 3.93% cases of TEC with 0.97% fatal pulmonary embolism. The local complications of heparin treatment depend upon the type of product administered. The method has advantages but also certain drawbacks that require the taking of all pre-, intra- and postoperative measures for prevention of TEC.

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The authors stress the therapeutical difficulties encountered in patients with severe postoperative peritonitis, necessitating multiple interventions for the solution of viscero-peritoneal problems, and of the abdominal wall. The authors' personal experience is presented with the method of the "opened abdomen", which is applied abroad under the improper name of "coeliostomy". The authors describe their procedure, and also describe a complementary method, of the socalled "semi-open abdomen", which is in fact a narrowing of the surgical wound with threads of inxodable wire. Four of six patients hospitalized in an extremely serious condition have been recovered.

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A clinical observation is presented, of a patient that underwent emergency surgery for biliary ileus located in the duodenum. The particularity of the case consisted in the presence of a double bilio-digestive fistula: between the cholecyst and the stomach, and between the cholecyst and the duodenum. The rarity and the clinical characteristics of this syndrome described by Bouveret are stressed. The aspect and the extension of the lesions found during surgery have made necessary to apply an exceptional surgical solution which consisted in cholecystectomy and antrectomy with gastro-jejunal anastomosis, excluding the sutured duodenum from the digestive pathway.

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The authors present two clinical observations of biliary calculi that developed upon the non-resorbable threads placed in the vicinity of the biliary pathways, or on the cystic stump, on the occasion of a previous intervention. A review is also presented, of the data in the literature and the process of development is discussed, of these calculi. The personal experience of the surgeon should be the decisive factor in making the right choice for such cases.

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The authors present a clinical observation of a patient aged 60 years with an asymptomatic cystic dilatation of the choledochus up to the age of 56, and in whom hepatic cirrhosis was detected, with biliary cholestasis, and a slow, torpid evolution. The authors performed cystoduodenostomy of necessity. A review of the literature over the last 20 years allows for a discussion of the clinical, etiopathogenic, and especially of the therapeutical aspects of this malformation. In spite of the current trend to perform exeresis of the cyst according to American and Japanese surgeons, the authors of the present study consider the internal derivation with the aid of a jejunal loop "àla Roux" may result in durable recoveries in at least two-thirds of the interventions, with a minimal surgical risk. If this type of interventions fails there is still possible to carry out iterative extirpation.

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