RESUMEN

ABSTRACT: Rufino, HVdO, Franchini, E, Forte, LDM, da Silva, TBO, Meireles, CLS, and Soares, YM. Physiological and perceptual responses of a guard passing test and a simulated Brazilian jiu-jitsu combat: a pilot study. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2024-Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ) is a grappling combat sport characterized by high-intensity efforts during the scoring actions interspersed by low-intensity actions or pause during the referee stoppage. Therefore, understanding of the physiological response to a BJJ match and BJJ-specific test can contribute to both athletes testing and training prescription. Thus, the present study aimed to compare the physiological and perceptual responses to a guard passing test (GPT) and to a simulated BJJ combat (simulated combat [SC]). For that, 7 male BJJ athletes performed a BJJ SC and the GPT at different days at random order. GPT was composed by 6 sets of all-out guard passing movements. Heart rate, blood lactate concentration ([La]), and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured immediately after SC and after each set of GPT. RPE increased after sets 4, 5, and 6 compared with set 1, with no differences to SC (p < 0.001). In additionally, no differences were observed between [La] or heart rate after SC to GPT. Results suggests that GPT is an efficient training protocol that elicits similar physiological and perceptual responses to BJJ combat. Future studies should investigate GPT reliability and validity for performance assessment.

RESUMEN

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women associated with cardiovascular disease and obesity. The possible benefits of omega-3 supplementation in this syndrome have been discussed much. This study is aimed to verify, based on the scientific data published, if there are any benefits in the omega-3 supplementation in the treatment of PCOS and to indicate its possible dosages for the treatment of polycystic ovary. The work consists of a systematic review of clinical trials and cohort of the MEDLINE/PubMed database from 2009 to October 2019. All studies that analyzed the omega-3 supplementation in women with PCOS were included. Cross-sectional studies, review articles, systematic reviews, meta-analysis, duplicates, studies in animals or cell culture, studies with omega-3 supplementation via food or associated with other supplementations were not included, except those involving vitamin E. In total, 21 articles were selected. Despite the heterogeneity of the studies selected, indirect benefits were observed mainly regarding the glycemic profile, such as insulin resistance reduction, lipid profile modulation (i.e. decrease in total cholesterol, triglycerides, and elevation of high-density lipoprotein), and the regulation of the androgenic profile. As for the anthropometric profile, the studies were scarce and most of them had no significant meaning. Regarding the antioxidant profile and inflammatory biomarkers, the findings differ among studies, but promising results were observed with different doses over 12 weeks of use, such as C-reactive protein (CRP) reduction. Thus, omega-3 fatty acids promote indirect benefits in the treating of women with PCOS. However, to reveal well-defined standards for dosage and supplementation time, further studies are needed.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Resumo O objetivo do estudo foi analisar como as pessoas em situação de rua vivenciam o uso de drogas e seus entrelaçamentos com suas culturas e estilos de vida. Realizou-se um estudo etnográfico, que identificou as estruturas macrossociais através do acompanhamento do Movimento Nacional da População de rua, e as microssociais, por meio das trajetórias individuais dos interlocutores. Os dados foram coletados mediante observação participante, registrada em diário de campo e entrevistas semiestruturadas. A análise foi realizada pela síntese da geração dos dados durante todo o processo de trabalho. Os resultados apontam uma cultura da rua, em que a droga surge como um estilo de vida coletivo, construindo relações e identidades de resistência aos estigmas. As histórias de vida revelaram o sofrimento social, a exclusão e a não adaptação ao sistema convencional e formal. Assim, as pessoas em situação de rua possuem uma organização social que ajuda a suportar as dificuldades de aceitação da sociedade e a inadequação dos serviços que as atendem. A droga faz parte dessa cultura, enquanto mais um modo de vida, que precisa ser compreendido e trabalhado de forma aberta e consciente pelos profissionais de saúde.

Abstract This research aimed to analyse how homeless people experience drug use and the intertwining between it and their cultural environment and life style. An etnographic study has been conducted which identified the macrosocial structures through the National Movement of the Homeless (Movimento Nacional da População de Rua) monitoring and the microsocial ones by means of its interlocutors' individual trajectories. Data were collected upon participant observation, registered in a research field journal and in semi-structured interviews. The analysis was carried out by data generation synthesis over the whole working process. Results reveal a street culture in which drug builds a collective life style that sets relationships and identities which withstand stigmas. Life stories unveil social suffering and exclusion besides non-adaptation to society conventional and formal aspects. Therefore, homeless people have their own social organisation that helps them to endure the difficulties in being accepted by society as well as the inadequacy of the social services that should assist them. Drug is part of this culture as a way of living and it needs to be understood and worked with by health professionals through a conscious and open approach.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

This research aimed to analyse how homeless people experience drug use and the intertwining between it and their cultural environment and life style. An etnographic study has been conducted which identified the macrosocial structures through the National Movement of the Homeless (Movimento Nacional da População de Rua) monitoring and the microsocial ones by means of its interlocutors' individual trajectories. Data were collected upon participant observation, registered in a research field journal and in semi-structured interviews. The analysis was carried out by data generation synthesis over the whole working process. Results reveal a street culture in which drug builds a collective life style that sets relationships and identities which withstand stigmas. Life stories unveil social suffering and exclusion besides non-adaptation to society conventional and formal aspects. Therefore, homeless people have their own social organisation that helps them to endure the difficulties in being accepted by society as well as the inadequacy of the social services that should assist them. Drug is part of this culture as a way of living and it needs to be understood and worked with by health professionals through a conscious and open approach.

O objetivo do estudo foi analisar como as pessoas em situação de rua vivenciam o uso de drogas e seus entrelaçamentos com suas culturas e estilos de vida. Realizou-se um estudo etnográfico, que identificou as estruturas macrossociais através do acompanhamento do Movimento Nacional da População de rua, e as microssociais, por meio das trajetórias individuais dos interlocutores. Os dados foram coletados mediante observação participante, registrada em diário de campo e entrevistas semiestruturadas. A análise foi realizada pela síntese da geração dos dados durante todo o processo de trabalho. Os resultados apontam uma cultura da rua, em que a droga surge como um estilo de vida coletivo, construindo relações e identidades de resistência aos estigmas. As histórias de vida revelaram o sofrimento social, a exclusão e a não adaptação ao sistema convencional e formal. Assim, as pessoas em situação de rua possuem uma organização social que ajuda a suportar as dificuldades de aceitação da sociedade e a inadequação dos serviços que as atendem. A droga faz parte dessa cultura, enquanto mais um modo de vida, que precisa ser compreendido e trabalhado de forma aberta e consciente pelos profissionais de saúde.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

O objetivo deste artigo é debater o uso de drogas como um fenômeno sociocultural e, a partir desse enfoque, a constituição de uma perspectiva de territorialidades de cuidados, visando ampliar olhares para um modelo sociocultural de atenção aos usuários de drogas. Trata-se de estudo de reflexão de natureza teórica, que problematiza a importância de se pensar a relação do indivíduo com o uso de drogas em diferentes aspectos socioculturais, incluindo espaços econômicos e sociais, os significados, a cultura, a formação de redes e estilos de vida. Nesse sentido, introduzimos a ideia de territorialidades de cuidado baseada em um modelo sociocultural, em que se reconhece a importância de uma dinâmica/ dialógica estabelecida entre profissionais e usuários no espaço vivo do cuidado.(AU)

The objective of this article is to discuss the use of drugs as a sociocultural phenomenon and, from this approach, work on the constitution of a territoriality perspective of care, aiming to widen the perspective to a sociocultural model of care to drug users. It is a study of theoretical reflection, which problematizes the importance of thinking about the relationship of the individual with the use of drugs in different sociocultural aspects, including economic and social spaces, meanings, culture, the creation of networks and lifestyles. In this sense, we introduce the idea of care territorialities based on a sociocultural model, in which the importance of a dynamic/dialogic established between professionals and users in the living space of care is recognized.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Objective: To identify the most prevalent type of pain in postoperative craniotomy patients and evaluate the use of analgesic in this group of patients. Method: The case studies consisted of 55 patients undergoing craniotomy. Patients were evaluated from the first to the seventh postoperative day. Data were stored and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17.0. The variables analyzed were gender, demographic data, assessing the presence of pain, location of pain, severity of pain, use of analgesic, professionals who recorded the pain on the patients’ charts, and presence of insomnia. Results: The results show that headache, the main pain reported by the patients, is present from the first to the seventh postoperative day. It was observed that in some cases there was no prescription of analgesics and even in the group of patients who took analgesics, these drugs were not effective for the relief of headache. The final logistic regression model revealed that insomnia ( OR = 10.6, p = < 0.001 ), the pain recorded in the patients’ charts (OR = 2.38 , p = 0.016) and use of analgesic (OR = 2.03 , p = 0.014) adequately explained the outcome. Conclusion: Headache was the chief complaint of pain after postoperative craniotomy, and its intensity varied from mild to severe. The analgesic used was not effective for the control of postoperative headache. Proper handling of post-craniotomy headache by the multidisciplinary team can contribute to early neurological recovery of patients undergoing craniotomy, and should make the post-surgical care, with a view to early recovery and the humanization of care.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Invasive aspergillosis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients, particularly in individuals with haematological malignancy and in haematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Nowadays, the galactomannan (GM) assay has been widely used as an indication of invasive aspergillosis, even though the test is known to generate false-positive results. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of GM and real-time PCR (qPCR) to detected Aspergillus in blood samples obtained from high-risk haematological patients. Haematological patients were screened twice weekly with GM testing, which was performed by the Platelia ELISA kit. An additional sample of whole blood (4 ml) was obtained for the purpose of qPCR testing. Sixty-four samples from 12 patients with haematopoietic stem cell transplant or haematological malignancy were studied. The overall accordance between GM and qPCR tests was 96.9 % (62 samples). Only two samples showed contradictory results, with positive GM test and negative real-time PCR results. Based on the high concordance between GM and qPCR in terms of negative results, the main utility of qPCR could be in the confirmation of positive results seen with GM testing.

Asunto(s)