RESUMEN

There is a high demand for stroke rehabilitation in the Brazilian public health system, but most studies that have addressed rehabilitation for unilateral spatial neglect (USN) after stroke have been performed in high-income countries. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze USN patient recruitment in a multicenter noninvasive brain stimulation clinical trial performed in Brazil and to provide study design recommendations for future studies. We evaluated the reasons for exclusion of patients from a multicenter, randomized, double-blinded clinical trial of rehabilitation of USN patients after stroke. Clinical and demographic variables were compared between the included and excluded patients. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Only 173 of the 1953 potential neglect patients (8.8%) passed the initial screening. After screening evaluation, 87/173 patients (50.3%) were excluded for clinical reasons. Cognitive impairment led to the exclusion of 21/87 patients (24.1%). Low socioeconomic status led to the exclusion of 37/173 patients (21.4%). Difficulty obtaining transportation to access treatment was the most common reason for their exclusion (16/37 patients, 43.3%). The analyzed Brazilian institutions have potential for conducting studies of USN. The recruitment of stroke survivors with USN was restricted by the study design and limited financial support. A history of cognitive impairment, intracranial stenting or craniectomy, and lack of transportation were the most common barriers to participating in a multicenter noninvasive brain stimulation trial among patients with USN after stroke.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The antioxidant, photoprotective and antinociceptive Marcetia macrophylla active extract was investigated as an active ingredient in a sunscreen cream formulation. Thus, the M. macrophylla extract showed IC50 of 3.43 mg/ml of the antioxidant (DPPH∙ scavenging test) and Sun Protection Factor of 20.25 (SPF/UV-B, at 250 µg/ml) and UV-A of 78.09% (photobleaching trans-resveratrol test). The antinociceptive activity was superior to all standards tested using the in vivo acetic acid-induced writhing test (99.14% at the dose of 200 mg/kg) and the high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector and mass spectroscopy multi-stage (HPLC-DAD-MS/MS) enabled the structural characterization of the quercetin-3-O-hexoside, quercetin-3-O-pentoside and quercetin-3-O-desoxihexoside. The pharmaceutical formulation containing the Marcetia macrophylla crude active extract was prepared and the physicochemical tests (organoleptic characteristics, pH analysis and centrifugation), the in vitro UVB (sun protection factor, SPF) and UVA (β-carotene) using the spectroscopic method were investigated. The formulation showed satisfactory results concerning the physicochemical parameters evaluated and active against the UV test. Thus, M. macrophylla showed biological activities with potential use in pharmaceutical preparations.(AU)

O extrato bruto de Marcetia macrophylla mostrou atividade antioxidante, fotoprotetora e antinociceptiva, sendo em seguida investigado como ingrediente ativo em uma formulação fotoprotetora. Assim, o extrato de M. macrophylla apresentou atividade antioxidante com IC50 de 3,43 mg/mL (teste de sequestro do DPPH∙) e Fator de Proteção Solar de 20,25 (FPS/UV-B, 250 µg/mL) e UV-A de 78,09% (teste de fotobranqueamento do trans-resveratrol). A atividade antinociceptiva usando o teste in vivo de contorções abdominais induzidas por ácido acético foi superior a todos os padrões testados (99,14% na dose de 200 mg/Kg). A análise por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência acoplada a detector de fotodiodos e espectroscopia de massas multi-estágio (CLAE-DAD-EM/EM) possibilitou a caracterização dos flavonoides quercetina-3-O-hexosídeo, quercetina-3-O-pentosídeo e quercetina-3-O-desoxihexosídeo. A formulação farmacêutica contendo o extrato ativo bruto de Marcetia macrophylla foi preparada e os testes físico-químicos (características organolépticas, análise de pH e centrifugação), o UVB in vitro (fator de proteção solar, FPS) e UVA (β-caroteno) foram investigados. A formulação apresentou resultados satisfatórios frente aos parâmetros físico-químicos avaliados e ativos contra UV. Assim, M. macrophylla apresentou atividades biológicas com potencial uso em preparações fitofarmacêuticas.(AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

There is a high demand for stroke rehabilitation in the Brazilian public health system, but most studies that have addressed rehabilitation for unilateral spatial neglect (USN) after stroke have been performed in high-income countries. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze USN patient recruitment in a multicenter noninvasive brain stimulation clinical trial performed in Brazil and to provide study design recommendations for future studies. We evaluated the reasons for exclusion of patients from a multicenter, randomized, double-blinded clinical trial of rehabilitation of USN patients after stroke. Clinical and demographic variables were compared between the included and excluded patients. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Only 173 of the 1953 potential neglect patients (8.8%) passed the initial screening. After screening evaluation, 87/173 patients (50.3%) were excluded for clinical reasons. Cognitive impairment led to the exclusion of 21/87 patients (24.1%). Low socioeconomic status led to the exclusion of 37/173 patients (21.4%). Difficulty obtaining transportation to access treatment was the most common reason for their exclusion (16/37 patients, 43.3%). The analyzed Brazilian institutions have potential for conducting studies of USN. The recruitment of stroke survivors with USN was restricted by the study design and limited financial support. A history of cognitive impairment, intracranial stenting or craniectomy, and lack of transportation were the most common barriers to participating in a multicenter noninvasive brain stimulation trial among patients with USN after stroke.

RESUMEN

Abstract The antioxidant, photoprotective and antinociceptive Marcetia macrophylla active extract was investigated as an active ingredient in a sunscreen cream formulation. Thus, the M. macrophylla extract showed IC50 of 3.43 mg/ml of the antioxidant (DPPH∙ scavenging test) and Sun Protection Factor of 20.25 (SPF/UV-B, at 250 µg/ml) and UV-A of 78.09% (photobleaching trans-resveratrol test). The antinociceptive activity was superior to all standards tested using the in vivo acetic acid-induced writhing test (99.14% at the dose of 200 mg/kg) and the high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector and mass spectroscopy multi-stage (HPLC-DAD-MS/MS) enabled the structural characterization of the quercetin-3-O-hexoside, quercetin-3-O-pentoside and quercetin-3-O-desoxihexoside. The pharmaceutical formulation containing the Marcetia macrophylla crude active extract was prepared and the physicochemical tests (organoleptic characteristics, pH analysis and centrifugation), the in vitro UVB (sun protection factor, SPF) and UVA (β-carotene) using the spectroscopic method were investigated. The formulation showed satisfactory results concerning the physicochemical parameters evaluated and active against the UV test. Thus, M. macrophylla showed biological activities with potential use in pharmaceutical preparations.

Resumo O extrato bruto de Marcetia macrophylla mostrou atividade antioxidante, fotoprotetora e antinociceptiva, sendo em seguida investigado como ingrediente ativo em uma formulação fotoprotetora. Assim, o extrato de M. macrophylla apresentou atividade antioxidante com IC50 de 3,43 mg/mL (teste de sequestro do DPPH∙) e Fator de Proteção Solar de 20,25 (FPS/UV-B, 250 µg/mL) e UV-A de 78,09% (teste de fotobranqueamento do trans-resveratrol). A atividade antinociceptiva usando o teste in vivo de contorções abdominais induzidas por ácido acético foi superior a todos os padrões testados (99,14% na dose de 200 mg/Kg). A análise por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência acoplada a detector de fotodiodos e espectroscopia de massas multi-estágio (CLAE-DAD-EM/EM) possibilitou a caracterização dos flavonoides quercetina-3-O-hexosídeo, quercetina-3-O-pentosídeo e quercetina-3-O-desoxihexosídeo. A formulação farmacêutica contendo o extrato ativo bruto de Marcetia macrophylla foi preparada e os testes físico-químicos (características organolépticas, análise de pH e centrifugação), o UVB in vitro (fator de proteção solar, FPS) e UVA (β-caroteno) foram investigados. A formulação apresentou resultados satisfatórios frente aos parâmetros físico-químicos avaliados e ativos contra UV. Assim, M. macrophylla apresentou atividades biológicas com potencial uso em preparações fitofarmacêuticas.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The antioxidant, photoprotective and antinociceptive Marcetia macrophylla active extract was investigated as an active ingredient in a sunscreen cream formulation. Thus, the M. macrophylla extract showed IC50 of 3.43 mg/ml of the antioxidant (DPPH∙ scavenging test) and Sun Protection Factor of 20.25 (SPF/UV-B, at 250 µg/ml) and UV-A of 78.09% (photobleaching trans-resveratrol test). The antinociceptive activity was superior to all standards tested using the in vivo acetic acid-induced writhing test (99.14% at the dose of 200 mg/kg) and the high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector and mass spectroscopy multi-stage (HPLC-DAD-MS/MS) enabled the structural characterization of the quercetin-3-O-hexoside, quercetin-3-O-pentoside and quercetin-3-O-desoxihexoside. The pharmaceutical formulation containing the Marcetia macrophylla crude active extract was prepared and the physicochemical tests (organoleptic characteristics, pH analysis and centrifugation), the in vitro UVB (sun protection factor, SPF) and UVA (β-carotene) using the spectroscopic method were investigated. The formulation showed satisfactory results concerning the physicochemical parameters evaluated and active against the UV test. Thus, M. macrophylla showed biological activities with potential use in pharmaceutical preparations.

O extrato bruto de Marcetia macrophylla mostrou atividade antioxidante, fotoprotetora e antinociceptiva, sendo em seguida investigado como ingrediente ativo em uma formulação fotoprotetora. Assim, o extrato de M. macrophylla apresentou atividade antioxidante com IC50 de 3,43 mg/mL (teste de sequestro do DPPH∙) e Fator de Proteção Solar de 20,25 (FPS/UV-B, 250 µg/mL) e UV-A de 78,09% (teste de fotobranqueamento do trans-resveratrol). A atividade antinociceptiva usando o teste in vivo de contorções abdominais induzidas por ácido acético foi superior a todos os padrões testados (99,14% na dose de 200 mg/Kg). A análise por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência acoplada a detector de fotodiodos e espectroscopia de massas multi-estágio (CLAE-DAD-EM/EM) possibilitou a caracterização dos flavonoides quercetina-3-O-hexosídeo, quercetina-3-O-pentosídeo e quercetina-3-O-desoxihexosídeo. A formulação farmacêutica contendo o extrato ativo bruto de Marcetia macrophylla foi preparada e os testes físico-químicos (características organolépticas, análise de pH e centrifugação), o UVB in vitro (fator de proteção solar, FPS) e UVA (β-caroteno) foram investigados. A formulação apresentou resultados satisfatórios frente aos parâmetros físico-químicos avaliados e ativos contra UV. Assim, M. macrophylla apresentou atividades biológicas com potencial uso em preparações fitofarmacêuticas.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Abstract The antioxidant, photoprotective and antinociceptive Marcetia macrophylla active extract was investigated as an active ingredient in a sunscreen cream formulation. Thus, the M. macrophylla extract showed IC50 of 3.43 mg/ml of the antioxidant (DPPH scavenging test) and Sun Protection Factor of 20.25 (SPF/UV-B, at 250 µg/ml) and UV-A of 78.09% (photobleaching trans-resveratrol test). The antinociceptive activity was superior to all standards tested using the in vivo acetic acid-induced writhing test (99.14% at the dose of 200 mg/kg) and the high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector and mass spectroscopy multi-stage (HPLC-DAD-MS/MS) enabled the structural characterization of the quercetin-3-O-hexoside, quercetin-3-O-pentoside and quercetin-3-O-desoxihexoside. The pharmaceutical formulation containing the Marcetia macrophylla crude active extract was prepared and the physicochemical tests (organoleptic characteristics, pH analysis and centrifugation), the in vitro UVB (sun protection factor, SPF) and UVA (-carotene) using the spectroscopic method were investigated. The formulation showed satisfactory results concerning the physicochemical parameters evaluated and active against the UV test. Thus, M. macrophylla showed biological activities with potential use in pharmaceutical preparations.

Resumo O extrato bruto de Marcetia macrophylla mostrou atividade antioxidante, fotoprotetora e antinociceptiva, sendo em seguida investigado como ingrediente ativo em uma formulação fotoprotetora. Assim, o extrato de M. macrophylla apresentou atividade antioxidante com IC50 de 3,43 mg/mL (teste de sequestro do DPPH) e Fator de Proteção Solar de 20,25 (FPS/UV-B, 250 µg/mL) e UV-A de 78,09% (teste de fotobranqueamento do trans-resveratrol). A atividade antinociceptiva usando o teste in vivo de contorções abdominais induzidas por ácido acético foi superior a todos os padrões testados (99,14% na dose de 200 mg/Kg). A análise por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência acoplada a detector de fotodiodos e espectroscopia de massas multi-estágio (CLAE-DAD-EM/EM) possibilitou a caracterização dos flavonoides quercetina-3-O-hexosídeo, quercetina-3-O-pentosídeo e quercetina-3-O-desoxihexosídeo. A formulação farmacêutica contendo o extrato ativo bruto de Marcetia macrophylla foi preparada e os testes físico-químicos (características organolépticas, análise de pH e centrifugação), o UVB in vitro (fator de proteção solar, FPS) e UVA (-caroteno) foram investigados. A formulação apresentou resultados satisfatórios frente aos parâmetros físico-químicos avaliados e ativos contra UV. Assim, M. macrophylla apresentou atividades biológicas com potencial uso em preparações fitofarmacêuticas.

RESUMEN

The antioxidant, photoprotective and antinociceptive Marcetia macrophylla active extract was investigated as an active ingredient in a sunscreen cream formulation. Thus, the M. macrophylla extract showed IC50 of 3.43 mg/ml of the antioxidant (DPPH∙ scavenging test) and Sun Protection Factor of 20.25 (SPF/UV-B, at 250 µg/ml) and UV-A of 78.09% (photobleaching trans-resveratrol test). The antinociceptive activity was superior to all standards tested using the in vivo acetic acid-induced writhing test (99.14% at the dose of 200 mg/kg) and the high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector and mass spectroscopy multi-stage (HPLC-DAD-MS/MS) enabled the structural characterization of the quercetin-3-O-hexoside, quercetin-3-O-pentoside and quercetin-3-O-desoxihexoside. The pharmaceutical formulation containing the Marcetia macrophylla crude active extract was prepared and the physicochemical tests (organoleptic characteristics, pH analysis and centrifugation), the in vitro UVB (sun protection factor, SPF) and UVA (ß-carotene) using the spectroscopic method were investigated. The formulation showed satisfactory results concerning the physicochemical parameters evaluated and active against the UV test. Thus, M. macrophylla showed biological activities with potential use in pharmaceutical preparations.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Objetivou-se neste estudo relatar a frequência e a identidade de patógenos transmitidos por carrapatos em cães residentes de uma área caracterizada por brejo de alta altitude. Amostras sanguíneas (n=203) foram coletadas e molecularmente analisadas via PCR (Babesia spp., Hepatozoon spp., Anaplasma spp. e Ehrlichia spp.) e sequenciamento de DNA. De todas as amostras analisadas, 8,87% (18/203) foram positivas a algum patógeno transmitido por carrapato. Especificamente, 5,42% (11/203) e 3,45% (7/203) foram positivos a Anaplasma platys e Ehrlichia canis, respectivamente. Este estudo fornece, pela primeira vez, evidência científica de infecção de cães por esses patógenos nessa área de alta altitude e reforça o provável papel de R. sanguineus s.l. como vetor de A. platys, principalmente considerando.se que muitos animais positivos eram infestados por essa espécie de carrapato.(AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Menopause has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. It has been shown that isoflavones protect vascular endothelial cells against induced oxidative stress injury. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the association between the dietary intake of isoflavones and the presence of subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) in postmenopausal women. METHODS: Ninety-six postmenopausal women [mean (SD) age 55.2 (4.9) years, body mass index (BMI) 27.2 (4.6) kg m-2 ] completed the study protocol. Habitual physical activity was assessed using a digital pedometer, resting metabolic rate was measured by indirect calorimetry and dietary intake was assessed via a validated food frequency questionnaire. Subclinical CVD was defined as carotid artery intima-media thickness (C-IMT) >0.9 mm and/or the presence of one or more atherosclerotic plaques in any of the studied segments. RESULTS: Mean (SD) C-IMT was 0.74 (0.2) mm, 25% of participants were found to have atherosclerotic plaques and the prevalence of subclinical CVD was 35%. Participants with subclinical CVD were more likely to consume less selenium, magnesium, folate and isoflavones, even after adjusting for total energy intake. A multivariate-adjusted regression model showed that a BMI >27 kg m-2 was associated with 90% higher risk of having ≥1 plaque and/or C-IMT >0.9 mm (P = 0.017). Higher oestradiol levels (P = 0.004) and isoflavone intake (P = 0.021) were independently associated with a lower risk of having subclinical CVD. CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, we observed that a higher isoflavone dietary intake was associated with a lower risk of subclinical CVD in postmenopausal women, independent of BMI and endogenous oestradiol levels.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the association between the Mediterranean diet (MD), body composition, and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 105 apparently healthy postmenopausal women aged between 45 and 65 years were included. BMD, percentage body fat, and appendicular lean mass index (ALMI, appendicular lean mass/height squared) were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Dietary intake was assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire. Assessment of MD adherence was based on intake of cereals, vegetables, fruits, meats, dairy products, fish, red wine, and olive oil, and expressed as the Mediterranean diet score (MDS). RESULTS: Women with higher adherence to the MD had higher ALMI (6.6 ± 0.8 kg/m2 vs. 6.3 ± 0.7 kg/m2; p = 0.039) and lumbar spine BMD (1.076 ± 0.149 vs. 0.997 ± 0.143 g/cm2; p = 0.007) compared to those with lower MDS. Linear regression analysis adjusted for previous hormone therapy, previous smoking behavior, and habitual physical activity showed an independent positive contribution of MDS to lumbar spine BMD (mean difference 0.088 g/cm2, 95% confidence interval 0.028-0.147; p = 0.004) and ALMI (mean difference 0.296 kg/m2, 95% confidence interval 0.020-0.591; p = 0.049). CONCLUSION: Bone mineral density at the lumbar spine and ALMI were positively associated with the MDS in a sample of postmenopausal women from a non-Mediterranean region.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da temperatura de conservação e o período de estocagem sobre a qualidade externa e interna de ovos brancos comerciais. Foram utilizados 375 ovos tipo extra de poedeiras comerciais brancas da linhagem Hy-line. distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2 x 7 (temperatura x período de armazenamento), totalizando 14 tratamentos com cinco repetições de três ovos cada. Os tratamentos foram: temperatura ambiente (26,5ºC) e refrigerada (11°C) e sete períodos de armazenamento (zero, cinco, 10, 15, 20, 25 e 30 dias). Houve interação (P<0,05) entre os fatores avaliados para os valores de percentagem de albúmen e gema, unidade Haugh, índice de gema e coloração de gema crua, observando redução da qualidade interna dos ovos ao longo do armazenamento em temperatura ambiente em relação aos ovos refrigerados. O avanço do período de armazenamento a perda de peso dos ovos aumentou de forma quadrática (P<0,05) e a gravidade específica reduziu linearmente (P<0,05). A perda de peso dos ovos PP foi intensificada em temperatura ambiente. Conclui-se que ovos brancos armazenados em temperatura ambiente apresentam perdas acentuadas de qualidade, principalmente interna durante a estocagem até 30 dias. Ovos mantidos sob refrigeração podem ser armazenados até 20 dias sem alteração da qualidade interna.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of storage temperature and storage period on the external and internal quality of commercial white eggs. A total of 375 extra eggs of commercial white laying hens of the Hy-line line were allocated in a completely randomized design in a 2 x 7 factorial scheme (temperature x storage period), totaling 14 treatments with five replicates of three eggs each. The treatments were room temperature (26.5ºC) and refrigerated (11ºC) and seven storage periods (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 days). There was an interaction (P<0.05) between the factors evaluated for percentage of albumen and yolk, Haugh unit, yolk index and raw yolk color. A reduction in the internal quality of the eggs was observed throughout storage at room temperature compared to refrigerated eggs. Weight loss of the eggs increased in a quadratic manner (P<0.05) and specific gravity decreased linearly (P<0.05) with increasing storage period. The weight loss was intensified at room temperature. In conclusion, white eggs stored at room temperature show marked quality losses, mainly during storage for up to 30 days. Eggs kept under refrigeration can be stored for up to 20 days without changes in internal quality.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da temperatura de conservação e o período de estocagem sobre a qualidade externa e interna de ovos brancos comerciais. Foram utilizados 375 ovos tipo extra de poedeiras comerciais brancas da linhagem Hy-line. distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2 x 7 (temperatura x período de armazenamento), totalizando 14 tratamentos com cinco repetições de três ovos cada. Os tratamentos foram: temperatura ambiente (26,5ºC) e refrigerada (11°C) e sete períodos de armazenamento (zero, cinco, 10, 15, 20, 25 e 30 dias). Houve interação (P<0,05) entre os fatores avaliados para os valores de percentagem de albúmen e gema, unidade Haugh, índice de gema e coloração de gema crua, observando redução da qualidade interna dos ovos ao longo do armazenamento em temperatura ambiente em relação aos ovos refrigerados. O avanço do período de armazenamento a perda de peso dos ovos aumentou de forma quadrática (P<0,05) e a gravidade específica reduziu linearmente (P<0,05). A perda de peso dos ovos PP foi intensificada em temperatura ambiente. Conclui-se que ovos brancos armazenados em temperatura ambiente apresentam perdas acentuadas de qualidade, principalmente interna durante a estocagem até 30 dias. Ovos mantidos sob refrigeração podem ser armazenados até 20 dias sem alteração da qualidade interna.(AU)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of storage temperature and storage period on the external and internal quality of commercial white eggs. A total of 375 extra eggs of commercial white laying hens of the Hy-line line were allocated in a completely randomized design in a 2 x 7 factorial scheme (temperature x storage period), totaling 14 treatments with five replicates of three eggs each. The treatments were room temperature (26.5ºC) and refrigerated (11ºC) and seven storage periods (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 days). There was an interaction (P<0.05) between the factors evaluated for percentage of albumen and yolk, Haugh unit, yolk index and raw yolk color. A reduction in the internal quality of the eggs was observed throughout storage at room temperature compared to refrigerated eggs. Weight loss of the eggs increased in a quadratic manner (P<0.05) and specific gravity decreased linearly (P<0.05) with increasing storage period. The weight loss was intensified at room temperature. In conclusion, white eggs stored at room temperature show marked quality losses, mainly during storage for up to 30 days. Eggs kept under refrigeration can be stored for up to 20 days without changes in internal quality.(AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

A healthy skin provides a protective barrier against pathogenic micro-organisms. Recent studies have shown that probiotics, as those of Bifidobacterium genus, could act beneficially in dermatology, both when ingested and by topical use. In the present study, we evaluated by in vitro antagonism assays and using two skin cell lines the potential of four strains of Bifidobacterium spp. Among the four bifidobacteria, Bifidobacterium longum 51A was the only one able to inhibit the growth of the eight pathogenic indicators tested. Production of some cytokines and extracellular matrix proteins was determined when ccc or inactivated cells of the bifidobacteria were incubated with keratinocyte and/or fibroblast cell cultures. Significant results were observed only for IL-6, IL-8 and IL-18 production, and inactivated Bifidobacterium pseudolongum 1191A was the only one which significantly stimulated collagen production, whereas lumican was stimulated by treatments with live Bifidobacterium bifidum 1622A , B. longum 51A and B. pseudolongum 1191A . Highest adhesion and internalization capabilities were observed with B. bifidum 1622A and Bifidobacterium breve 1101A . Concluding, B. longum 51A was highlighted for its antagonistic capacity and B. bifidum 1622A and B. pseudolongum 1191A for stimulating the production of cytokines and proteins of the extracellular matrix. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The skin is the first line of defence against invasive micro-organisms, and its local microbiota provides additional protective functions based on antagonism against pathogenic micro-organisms and immunomodulation. Based on in vitro assays using Bifidobacterium spp. we demonstrated the antagonistic potential, as well as capacity in stimulating the production of cytokines and proteins of the extracellular matrix that these bacteria may exert on skin cells. This positive influence suggests the use of a consortium of these bifidobacteria in a topical product for dermatological treatments.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens fed with different levels of crambe meal in replacement of soybean meal. 240 chicks were distributed in a completely randomized design in four treatments and four replicates. The treatments were the four levels of crambe meal: 0; 4.37; 8.75 and 17.50%. Chickens fed rations containing the test feed consumed larger amounts of feed and had the lowest weight gains, resulting in the worst feed conversion. The diets free from crambe meal resulted in the highest carcass weights. The inclusion of crambe meal in the chick diet, regardless of the amount tested, affected the amount of fat in the carcass, but did not affect the rest of its chemical composition. The use of crambe meal in natura as a substitute for soybean meal in broiler naked neck diets is not feasible at the dosages used, since it affects the availability of nutrients present in the diet, increasing feed intake, impairing feed conversion and result in lighter carcasses.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho e características de carcaça de frangos de corte da linhagem de pescoço pelado alimentados com diferentes níveis de farelo de crambe em substituição ao farelo de soja. Foram distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado 240 pintainhos em quatro tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram os quatro níveis de farelo de crambe: 0; 4,37; 8,75 e 17,50 %. Os frangos alimentados com rações contendo o farelo de crambe consumiram maiores quantidades de ração e apresentaram os menores ganhos de peso, resultando nas piores conversões alimentares. A dieta isenta de farelo de crambe resultou no maior peso de carcaça. A inclusão de farelo de crambe na dieta dos frangos, independente da quantidade testada, afetou a quantidade de gordura da carcaça, porém não afetou o restante de sua composição química. A utilização do farelo de crambe in natura em substituição ao farelo de soja em dietas de frangos de corte de pescoço pelado é inviável nas dosagens utilizadas, por afetar a disponibilidade dos nutrientes presentes na dieta, aumentando o consumo de ração, prejudicando a conversão alimentar e por resultar em carcaças mais leves.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens fed with different levels of crambe meal in replacement of soybean meal. 240 chicks were distributed in a completely randomized design in four treatments and four replicates. The treatments were the four levels of crambe meal: 0; 4.37; 8.75 and 17.50%. Chickens fed rations containing the test feed consumed larger amounts of feed and had the lowest weight gains, resulting in the worst feed conversion. The diets free from crambe meal resulted in the highest carcass weights. The inclusion of crambe meal in the chick diet, regardless of the amount tested, affected the amount of fat in the carcass, but did not affect the rest of its chemical composition. The use of crambe meal in natura as a substitute for soybean meal in broiler naked neck diets is not feasible at the dosages used, since it affects the availability of nutrients present in the diet, increasing feed intake, impairing feed conversion and result in lighter carcasses.(AU)

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho e características de carcaça de frangos de corte da linhagem de pescoço pelado alimentados com diferentes níveis de farelo de crambe em substituição ao farelo de soja. Foram distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado 240 pintainhos em quatro tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram os quatro níveis de farelo de crambe: 0; 4,37; 8,75 e 17,50 %. Os frangos alimentados com rações contendo o farelo de crambe consumiram maiores quantidades de ração e apresentaram os menores ganhos de peso, resultando nas piores conversões alimentares. A dieta isenta de farelo de crambe resultou no maior peso de carcaça. A inclusão de farelo de crambe na dieta dos frangos, independente da quantidade testada, afetou a quantidade de gordura da carcaça, porém não afetou o restante de sua composição química. A utilização do farelo de crambe in natura em substituição ao farelo de soja em dietas de frangos de corte de pescoço pelado é inviável nas dosagens utilizadas, por afetar a disponibilidade dos nutrientes presentes na dieta, aumentando o consumo de ração, prejudicando a conversão alimentar e por resultar em carcaças mais leves.(AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o valor nutricional e energético da torta de mamona destoxificada por diferentes métodos para suínos em crescimento. Foram utilizados 24 suínos machos, castrados, distribuídos em seis tratamentos, sendo uma ração referência e cinco rações testes (75% da dieta referência e 25% das tortas de mamona) contendo a torta de mamona destoxificada pelos métodos do hidróxido de cálcio, da autoclavagem, do hidróxido de cálcio+ensilagem, da autoclavagem+ensilagem e da extrusão. As tortas de mamona submetidas aos processos de destoxificação com hidróxido de cálcio e autoclavagem resultaram em maior teor de proteína digestível. Para o valor de energia metabolizável, os processos de destoxificação com hidróxido de cálcio, autoclavagem, hidróxido de cálcio+ensilagem e extrusão não diferiram entre si. Considerando-se a valoração nutricional e energética da torta de mamona por meio dos processos de destoxificação, os métodos com uso de hidróxido de cálcio e autoclavagem são os mais eficientes.(AU)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional and energy value of castor bean cake detoxified by different methods for growing pigs. A total of 24 barrows was distributed in six treatments, being in a reference diet and 5 test diets (75% of the reference diet and 25% of castor beam cake) containing castor bean cake detoxified by the method of calcium hydroxide, autoclaving, calcium hydroxide + silage, autoclaving + silage and extrusion. Castor bean cake subjected to detoxification processes with calcium hydroxide and autoclaving resulted in higher content of digestible protein. For the metabolizable energy value, the process of detoxification with calcium hydroxide, autoclaving, calcium hydroxide+silage, and extrusion did not differ. Considering the nutritional and energy valuation of castor bean cake detoxified by different procedures, the methods using calcium hydroxide and autoclaving were the most efficient.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o valor nutricional e energético da torta de mamona destoxificada por diferentes métodos para suínos em crescimento. Foram utilizados 24 suínos machos, castrados, distribuídos em seis tratamentos, sendo uma ração referência e cinco rações testes (75% da dieta referência e 25% das tortas de mamona) contendo a torta de mamona destoxificada pelos métodos do hidróxido de cálcio, da autoclavagem, do hidróxido de cálcio+ensilagem, da autoclavagem+ensilagem e da extrusão. As tortas de mamona submetidas aos processos de destoxificação com hidróxido de cálcio e autoclavagem resultaram em maior teor de proteína digestível. Para o valor de energia metabolizável, os processos de destoxificação com hidróxido de cálcio, autoclavagem, hidróxido de cálcio+ensilagem e extrusão não diferiram entre si. Considerando-se a valoração nutricional e energética da torta de mamona por meio dos processos de destoxificação, os métodos com uso de hidróxido de cálcio e autoclavagem são os mais eficientes.(AU)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional and energy value of castor bean cake detoxified by different methods for growing pigs. A total of 24 barrows was distributed in six treatments, being in a reference diet and 5 test diets (75% of the reference diet and 25% of castor beam cake) containing castor bean cake detoxified by the method of calcium hydroxide, autoclaving, calcium hydroxide + silage, autoclaving + silage and extrusion. Castor bean cake subjected to detoxification processes with calcium hydroxide and autoclaving resulted in higher content of digestible protein. For the metabolizable energy value, the process of detoxification with calcium hydroxide, autoclaving, calcium hydroxide+silage, and extrusion did not differ. Considering the nutritional and energy valuation of castor bean cake detoxified by different procedures, the methods using calcium hydroxide and autoclaving were the most efficient.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The genus Pestivirus of the family Flaviviridae consists of four recognized species: Bovine viral diarrhoea virus 1 (BVDV-1), Bovine viral diarrhoea virus 2 (BVDV-2), Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) and Border disease virus (BDV). Recently, atypical pestiviruses ('HoBi'-like pestiviruses) were identified in batches of contaminated foetal calf serum and in naturally infected cattle with and without clinical symptoms. Here, we describe the first report of a mucosal disease-like clinical presentation (MD) associated with a 'HoBi'-like pestivirus occurring in a cattle herd. The outbreak was investigated using immunohistochemistry, antibody detection, viral isolation and RT-PCR. The sequence and phylogenetic analysis of 5'NCR, N(pro) and E2 regions of the RT-PCR positive samples showed that four different 'HoBi'-like strains were circulating in the herd. The main clinical signs and lesions were observed in the respiratory and digestive systems, but skin lesions and corneal opacity were also observed. MD characteristic lesions and a pestivirus with cytopathic biotype were detected in one calf. The present study is the first report of a MD like presentation associated with natural infection with 'HoBi'-like pestivirus. This report describes the clinical signs and provides a pathologic framework of an outbreak associated with at least two different 'HoBi'-like strains. Based on these observations, it appears that these atypical pestiviruses are most likely underdiagnosed in Brazilian cattle.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Pythiosis is reported for the first time in a goat. The affected goat had daily access to an aquatic environment and had developed an ulcerative lesion on the skin of the left hindlimb. Microscopically, there were dermal pyogranulomas with 'negatively stained' hyphae, which were identified immunohistochemically as Pythium insidiosum.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os perfis bioquímicos hepáticos e renais de Didelphis spp. (gambás) de vida livre sororreagentes à Leptospira spp., provenientes dos biomas brasileiros cerrado e caatinga. Foram colhidas amostras de sangue de nove animais de vida livre para realização do teste de soroaglutinação microscópica (SAM) e das análises bioquímicas de aspartato amino-transferase (AST), alanino amino-transferase (ALT), gama-glutamil transferase (GGT), ureia (UV), creatinina, fosfatase alcalina (F.A.), albumina, bilirrubina total, direta e indireta. Os resultados expressos como média ± desvio padrão foram para Didelphis aurita: creatinina (0,87±0,13 mg/dL), ALT (76,83±32,02 U/mL), AST (103,00±16,82 U/mL), ureia (31,33±12,34 mg/dL), F.A. (65,57±9,57 U/L), GGT (25,50±4,41 U/L), bilirrubina total (0,61±0,22 mg/dL), bilirrubina direta (0,21±0,08 mg/dL), bilirrubina indireta (0,40±0,14 mg/dL) e albumina (2,01±0,02 g/dL). Para D. albiventris: creatinina (1,39±0,18 mg/dL), ALT (51,33±10,73 U/mL), AST (97,42±29,53 U/mL), ureia (34,40±5,68 mg/dL), F.A. (59,70±28,36 U/L), GGT (30,60±10,81 U/L), bilirrubina total (0,62±0,50 mg/dL), bilirrubina direta (0,35±0,40 mg/dL), bilirrubina indireta (0,26±0,19 mg/dL) e albumina (2,26±0,20 g/dL). Para D. marsupialis os valores foram: creatinina (1,14 mg/dL), ALT (94,28 U/mL), AST (110,00 U/mL), ureia (23,00 mg/dL), F.A. (49,75 U/L), GGT (30