RESUMEN
Objetivos: Investigar a associação entre a circunferência do pescoço (CP) e fatores de risco cardiovascular em crianças e adolescentes atendidos ambulatorialmente em um hospital universitário na cidade de Recife, PE, Brasil. Métodos: Foram coletados dados sociodemográficos, antropométricos, bioquímicos, histórico familiar e estilo de vida. A amostra foi por conveniência, composta por crianças e adolescentes acompanhados de seus responsáveis, que aceitassem participar da pesquisa, no período de abril a setembro de 2018, no ambulatório de nutrição/pediatria. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 144 pacientes com idade média de 11,0±3,0 anos, sendo 73 do sexo masculino (51,4%). 54 (37,6%) pacientes apresentaram CP elevada, dentre eles 59 (41,1%) eram do sexo masculino. Foi visto que 102 (71,5%) pacientes apresentaram tempo de tela elevado. Houve associação entre CP e estado nutricional e 13 (24,8%) indivíduos que tinham CP elevada apresentaram também excesso de peso. Foi observado correlação entre circunferência do pescoço com índice de massa corporal e perfil lipídico. Conclusão: Observou-se que há associação significativa entre CP e algumas medidas antropométricas como IMC e CC, sendo útil para identificação de risco de sobrepeso e de risco cardiovascular. Algumas limitações no estudo podem ser citadas como o limitado número de participantes por ser uma pesquisa transversal, não podendo assim ser estabelecidas medidas de causa e efeito.
Aims: To investigate the association between neck circumference (NC) and cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents seen in outpatient clinic in a university hospital in the city of Recife-PE. Methods: Sociodemographic, anthropometric, biochemical and lifestyle data were collected. The sample consisted of convenience, composed of children and adolescents monitored at the nutrition / pediatrics clinic who agreed to participate in the research, from April to September 2018. Results: The sample consisted of 144 patients with a mean age of 11.0 ± 3.0 years, the majority being male (51.4%). 37.6% of the patients had elevated NC, most of them male (41.1%). A large percentage of patients with high screen time (71.5%) were seen. There was a significant association between NC and nutritional status, 24.8% of those with excess weight presented NC elevation. Positive correlation was found between NC with body mass index and lipid profile. Conclusion: It was observed that there is a significant association between NC and nutritional status, corroborating with the literature, which suggests that such a measure can be a useful tool to identify overweight or obesity and an important predictor of cardiovascular health problems, since it also correlates with biochemical parameters.
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Humanos , Niño , Adolescente , Obesidad , Estado Nutricional , Factores de Riesgo de Enfermedad CardiacaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency of the hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype and its associated factors in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: This is an observational analytical study with individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus, aged 5 to 18 years, of both genders, followed in a university hospital in the Brazilian Northeast. Weight, height, and waist circumference were measured, and the lipid profile and glycated hemoglobin were analyzed. The hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype was defined by the simultaneous presence of increased waist circumference (≥90th percentile for age and gender) and elevated serum triglyceride levels (≥75 mg/dL for children and ≥90 mg/dL for adolescents). We also investigated the family history of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, as well as sociodemographic and behavioral variables. In the statistical inference tests, the proportions were compared by Pearson's chi-square test -and/-or Fisher's exact test, being significant p<0.05. RESULTS: A total of 102 patients were evaluated, most of them females (54.9%) and adolescents (66.7%). The frequency of hypertriglyceridemic waist was 23.5%, which was associated with females (p=0.043), overweight (p=0.023), hypercholesterolemia (p=0.002), high LDL (p=0.001), and borderline VLDL (<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of the hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype was associated with females, atherogenic lipid profile, and overweight, indicating the importance of the nutritional monitoring of this population, aiming at reducing future cardiovascular diseases.
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Factores de Riesgo Cardiometabólico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/epidemiología , Cintura Hipertrigliceridémica/epidemiología , Adolescente , Brasil/epidemiología , Niño , Preescolar , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/sangre , Ejercicio Físico , Femenino , Humanos , Hipercolesterolemia/epidemiología , Cintura Hipertrigliceridémica/sangre , Cintura Hipertrigliceridémica/diagnóstico , Masculino , Sobrepeso/epidemiología , Factores SexualesRESUMEN
ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the frequency of the hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype and its associated factors in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Methods: This is an observational analytical study with individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus, aged 5 to 18 years, of both genders, followed in a university hospital in the Brazilian Northeast. Weight, height, and waist circumference were measured, and the lipid profile and glycated hemoglobin were analyzed. The hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype was defined by the simultaneous presence of increased waist circumference (≥90th percentile for age and gender) and elevated serum triglyceride levels (≥75 mg/dL for children and ≥90 mg/dL for adolescents). We also investigated the family history of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, as well as sociodemographic and behavioral variables. In the statistical inference tests, the proportions were compared by Pearson's chi-square test and/or Fisher's exact test, being significant p<0.05. Results: A total of 102 patients were evaluated, most of them females (54.9%) and adolescents (66.7%). The frequency of hypertriglyceridemic waist was 23.5%, which was associated with females (p=0.043), overweight (p=0.023), hypercholesterolemia (p=0.002), high LDL (p=0.001), and borderline VLDL (<0.001). Conclusions: The frequency of the hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype was associated with females, atherogenic lipid profile, and overweight, indicating the importance of the nutritional monitoring of this population, aiming at reducing future cardiovascular diseases.
RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a frequência do fenótipo cintura hipertrigliceridêmica e analisar seus fatores associados em crianças e adolescentes portadores de diabetes melito tipo 1. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional analítico com indivíduos com diabetes melito tipo 1, de cinco a 18 anos de idade, de ambos os sexos, acompanhados em um hospital universitário do Nordeste brasileiro. Foram realizadas medidas de peso, altura e circunferência da cintura, além da análise do perfil lipídico e da hemoglobina glicada. O fenótipo cintura hipertrigliceridêmica foi definido pela presença simultânea da circunferência da cintura aumentada (≥percentil 90 por idade e sexo) e dos níveis séricos de triglicerídeos elevados (≥75 mg/dL para crianças e ≥90 mg/dL para adolescentes). Investigaram-se, ainda, os antecedentes familiares para doenças cardiovasculares e diabetes, e também variáveis sociodemográficas e comportamentais. Nos testes de inferência estatística, as proporções foram comparadas pelo teste do qui-quadrado de Pearson e/ou exato de Fisher, sendo significante p<0,05. Resultados: Foram avaliados 102 pacientes, com predomínio do sexo feminino (54,9%) e de adolescentes (66,7%). A frequência de cintura hipertrigliceridêmica foi de 23,5%; a qual apresentou associação com o sexo feminino (p=0,043), excesso de peso (p=0,023), hipercolesterolemia (p=0,002), LDL elevado (p=0,001) e VLDL em valores limítrofes (<0,001). Conclusões: A frequência do fenótipo cintura hipertrigliceridêmica foi associada ao sexo feminino, ao perfil lipídico aterogênico e ao excesso ponderal, evidenciando a importância do acompanhamento nutricional dessa população, visando à redução de agravos cardiovasculares futuros.