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BACKGROUND: Few studies have reported the adherence to and efficacy of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) for improving diabetes management in insulin-treated older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS: Prospective observational cohort study using FreeStyle Libre Flash CGM in insulin-treated adults > 65 years with T2DM and HbA1c between 7% and 9%. The participants wore the CGM during the 6-weeks study period. The primary outcome was time in range (TIR) between 70 and 180 mg/dL. Secondary outcomes included time below range (TBR), glycemic variability (GV), adherence, and use of glucose data for self-insulin adjustment. Linear regressions with random effects verified the changes in TBR, TIR, time above range (TAR), GV, and GMI across the three visits using CGM (baseline, 4 weeks and 6 weeks), controlled for sex, age, educational level, and health system (private or public). RESULTS: A total of 66 participants completed the six weeks of CGM (age 72·8 ± 5·3 years; BMI 27·8 ± 3·6 kg/m2), HbA1c: 8·0 ± 0·6%, with an overall sensor utilization of 93·1 ± 6·0%. We observed a stability in TIR (baseline: 63.5 ± 18.9% vs. endpoint: 65.5 ± 18.8%; ß = 1,0, p = 0.190). Despite the low TBR at the baseline, we observed statistically significant reduction over the study period (baseline: 5.8 ± 7.0% vs. endpoint: 3.8 ± 4.7%; (ß=-1.00, p = 0.008). Glucose variability also reduced from the baseline (34.9 ± 7.2%) to the endpoint (33.0 ± 6.8%) (ß=-0.99, p = < 0.001). CONCLUSION: FreeStyle Libre Flash CGM is well accepted by older adults with T2DM and allows participants to make therapeutic decisions to reduce TBR and glycemic variability.

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BACKGROUND: Mental fatigue seems to impair the athletes' performance; however, in sports with high cognitive demand, such as orienteering, this negative effect could be attenuated during the race. Therefore, this study investigated mental fatigue effect on performance, perceptual, and physiological responses in orienteers. METHODS: Fifteen male orienteers (30±8 years) participated in the study. Two conditions of cognitive tasks preceded the orienteering performance, performed randomly: 30 minutes of mental exertion (experimental condition [EXP]) by Stroop task, or 30 min without mental exertion (control condition [CON]). Orienteering performance was determined by the time required to perform the Orienteering race. The perceived recovery and motivation were evaluated in each condition, pre-cognitive task, and heart rate during the task. Perceived exertion (RPE) was measured pre- and post-orienteering race. Orienteering performance and perceived performance were measured immediately after the race. RESULTS: Orienteering performance and remain variables showed no significant differences between conditions (EXP versus CON) (P>0.05). Although a slight increase in performance-time was found in EXP (40.8±11.4 min) versus CON (38.4±13 min) (P=0.4; ES=0.20). RPE increase post-EXP (P<0.05; ES=0.96) but not post-orienteering race (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Thirty minutes of the cognitive task did not significantly affect the perceptual and physiological responses but demonstrates the addition of 2.4 minutes to orienteering performance. Orienteers may cope with mental effort due to the cognitive demands and physical conditions required in orienteering.

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BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of alcohol and tobacco experimentation by adolescents and to verify the association between cell phone use with alcohol and tobacco consumption in adolescents with different physical activity levels. METHODS: This work is a cross-sectional study with a representative sample of 772 adolescents (52.6% girls; age: 16.63±0.70 years old). Self-reported questionnaires were assessed to verify the cell phone use, physical activity level, alcohol and tobacco consumption. Logistic regressions tested the associations obtaining odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: Alcohol and tobacco consumption prevalence reached 43.4% and 7.8% of adolescents, respectively. Insufficiently active adolescents who reported using cell phones more than and 2 hours a day were more likely to use alcohol (OR: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.14 - 2.19) and tobacco (OR: 2.46; 95% CI: 1.23 - 4.96). CONCLUSIONS: We found a high prevalence of cell phone use and a worrying prevalence of alcohol and tobacco consumption by adolescents. The use of the cell phone for more than two hours a day seemed to be a risk factor for alcohol and tobacco consumption in insufficiently active adolescents.

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O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a tendência temporal dos tipos principais de exercício físico ou esporte praticado no lazer na cidade de Curitiba (PR), Brasil, no período de 2006 a 2014. Foram analisados dados de 17.184 adultos (≥18 anos de idade) participantes do Sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (Vigitel). Tendências temporais foram analisadas para o indicador exercício físico e esporte de lazer. A caminhada foi o tipo de exercício mais praticado por ambos os sexos, com prevalência de 22,2% e 18,8% na população feminina e masculina, respectivamente. A prática de caminhada apresentou tendência de crescimento de 3,5% ao ano (IC95%: 0,93 ­ 6,17) entre os homens e estabilização entre as mulheres. A caminhada em esteira rolante apresentou a maior taxa de crescimento entre as mulheres (9,65% ao ano; IC95%: 0,69 ­ 19,67). O futebol recreativo apresentou predominância masculina (15,3%) e crescimento negativo (-8,2% ao ano) (IC95%: - 1.60 ­ -14.30). A musculação foi a segunda preferência para homens, com crescimento de 3,8% ao ano (IC95%: 0,69 ­ 7,15) e a terceira para mulheres com crescimento anual de 4,0% (IC95%: 2,09 ­ 5,68). A maior parte dos ciclistas foi constituída por homens e apresentou taxa de crescimento estabilizada. Os resultados do presente estudo mostram a caminhada, futebol, ginástica, musculação, corrida e ciclismo como principais modalidades de exercício físico de lazer na cidade de Curitiba, com tendência de crescimento positivo, exceto para a prática de futebol recreativo e ciclismo...(AU)

The aim of the present study was to evaluate time trends of the main types exercise or sport practiced during leisure time from 2006 to 2014 among adults living in Curitiba, Brazil. We analyzed data from 17,184 adults (18+ years) participants of the Surveillance System on Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Disease through Telephone Interviews (Vigitel). Time trends of the following indicators were evaluated leisure-time The walking was the most prevalent modality of exercise in both sexes, with 22.2% and 18.8% of the female and male population respectively, and a trend of average growth of 3.5% per year (CI95%: 0.93 ­ 6.17) higher among men. The treadmill walking had the highest annual growth among women (9.65% per year; (CI95%: 0.69 ­ 19.67). The recreational football had a male predominance (15.3%) with negative growth (-8.17% per year) (CI95%: -1.60 ­ -14.30). Bodybuilding was the second preference for leisure (PA) for men (3.8% per year) (CI95%: 0.69 ­ 7.15) and the third for women (4.0% per year) (IC95%: 2.09 ­ 5.68). Male yclists were the majority without significant changes in the period examined. Data from present study show that walking, football, gymnastics, bodybuilding and cycling as the main modality of physical activity in leisure, are crescent participation, except for recreational football...(AU)

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UNLABELLED: The objective of this study was to correlate CRF with cardiovascular risk factors in T1DM children. METHODS: Fifty children and adolescents aged between 9 and 17 years with no diabetes complications and a mean diabetes duration of 4.6 years were selected. Antropometric, sexual maturation and blood pressure data were evaluated. CRF level was assessed with a 20-m shuttle run test. Laboratory tests were performed to verify fasting lipids and glycated hemoglobin. Statistical analyses were made with Pearson partial correlation, t test, and one-way ANOVA, with p≤0.05. RESULTS: After adjustment for body adiposity and sexual maturity, inverse correlations among CRF and TC, TG, TC/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, non-HDL-C, and SBP were statistically significant. Variables differing by sex included weight Z score, BMI Z score, skinfold thickness, percentage of body fat, and DBP. Boys had higher CRF compared to girls. CRF and TC differed significantly by sexual maturation status. CONCLUSION: An inverse and significant relationship between CRF and most lipid profile's components and SBP in poor controlled T1DM children and adolescents was found, independently of body adiposity.

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