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Abstract Background Self-care in the management of systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is crucial, and validated instruments can help researchers and health professionals to plan strategies to improve self-care in people with SAH. Objective The main objective of this study was to translate, cross-culturally adapt, and validated the Hypertension Self-Care Profile (HBP-SCP) for Brazilian Portuguese. Methods The translation and cross-cultural adaptation was performed in five phases, and the pre-final version was tested in 30 individuals, native speakers of Portuguese with a diagnosis of hypertension. The final version was administered in 100 individuals. The inclusion criteria were: diagnosis of SAH, characterized by systolic arterial blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic arterial blood pressure ≥ 90mmHg, regular use of antihypertensive medications and over 18 years of age. The present study also used two other questionnaires, previously validated for the Brazilian population, to verify the validity of the construct, the Healthy Habits Perception Questionnaire (HHPQ) and the Quality of Life in Hypertension Mini-Questionnaire (MINICHAL-BRASIL). Results During the translation and cross-cultural adaptation phase, there were no disagreements. Adequate reliability — intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) ≥ 0.89, standard error of measurement (SEM) % ≤ 4.34, minimum detectable change (MDC) % ≤ 12.04 — and internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha ≥ 0.75) were observed. The behavior domain of HBP-SCP obtained significant correlations (p < 0.05) with the self-efficacy domain and HHPQ; the motivation domain with the self-efficacy domain; and the self-efficacy domain with the somatic manifestation domain of MINICHAL-BRASIL. No ceiling and floor effects were observed. Conclusions The Brazilian Portuguese version of the HBP-SCP has adequate psychometric properties, according to the best scientific recommendations.
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BACKGROUND: Musicians and dancers can be considered an at-risk population for developing noise-induced hearing loss. OBJECTIVES: To determine the audiological profile of members of a folklore-related music group and quantify noise exposure at their rehearsal venue. METHODS: This was a quantitative and descriptive study. The musicians and dancers were evaluated in two stages: an interview about their working life, followed by high frequency tonal audiometry. The sound pressure level in the group's rehearsal venue was measured using a BEK 2270 Noise Analyzer. RESULTS: A total of 7.2% of the subjects had noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) and 39% of the audiometric tests were notch type. During the interview 31.7% of the subjects mentioned discomfort from loud noise, although none of them used ear protection. The environmental assessment showed inadequate humidity and oscillating temperature. Twenty sound pressure level measurements were performed for Leq (equivalent sound pressure levels) and the results ranged from 88 dB (A) to 99 dB (A) with a mean of 97.05. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to high levels of sound pressure has led to NIHL in some members of the group. Some of those with normal hearing also presented a notch configuration characteristic of NIHL. Tinnitus, indicating that a change in hearing has occurred, was the most frequent auditory symptom.
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Pérdida Auditiva Provocada por Ruido , Música , Ruido en el Ambiente de Trabajo , Enfermedades Profesionales , Brasil , Folclore , Pérdida Auditiva Provocada por Ruido/etiología , Humanos , Ruido en el Ambiente de Trabajo/efectos adversosRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Asthma is a disease that has been associated with the presence of different genetic and socio-environmental factors. OBJECTIVE: To identify and evaluate the seasonality of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human rhinovirus (RV) in asthmatic children and adolescents in tropical climate, as well as to assess the socioeconomic and environmental factors involved. METHODS: The study was conducted in a referral hospital, where a total of 151 children were recruited with a respiratory infection. The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) protocol and a questionnaire were applied, and a skin prick test was performed. The nasal swab was collected to detect RV and RSV through molecular assay. National Meteorological Institute (INMET) database was the source of climatic information. RESULTS: The socio-environmental characterization of asthmatic children showed the family history of allergy, disturbed sleep at night, dry cough, allergic rhinitis, individuals sensitized to at least one mite. We identified RV in 75% of children with asthma and 66.7% of RSV in children with asthma. There was an association between the presence of RV and the dry season whereas the presence of the RSV was associated with the rainy season. Contributing to these results, a negative correlation was observed between the RSV and the wind speed and the maximum temperature (T. Max) and a positive correlation with precipitation. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest a high prevalence of RV and RSV in asthmatic children and the seasonality of these viruses were present in different climatic periods. This has significant implications for understanding short- and long-term clinical complications in asthmatic patients.
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Asma/complicaciones , Resfriado Común/epidemiología , Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio/epidemiología , Asma/inmunología , Brasil/epidemiología , Niño , Preescolar , Resfriado Común/diagnóstico , Resfriado Común/inmunología , Resfriado Común/virología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Prevalencia , Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio/inmunología , Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio/virología , Virus Sincitial Respiratorio Humano/inmunología , Virus Sincitial Respiratorio Humano/aislamiento & purificación , Rhinovirus/inmunología , Rhinovirus/aislamiento & purificación , Estaciones del Año , Clima TropicalRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) is a questionnaire that was developed by Finnish researchers to track the risk of diabetes. OBJECTIVE: To translate, cross-culturally adapt and validate the FINDRISC for use in Brazilian Portuguese. DESIGN AND SETTING: Questionnaire validity study conducted at a private university. METHODS: The Brazilian version of the FINDRISC was developed through the processes of translation, back-translation, committee review and pre-testing. Test-retest reliability was measured using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), kappa coefficient, standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimum detectable change (MDC). Internal consistency was measured using Cronbach's alpha. For construct validity, the total score of the FINDRISC was correlated with the Diabetes Knowledge Scale (DKN-A) and Diabetes Mellitus Risk Questionnaire (QRDM). Ceiling and floor effects were also evaluated in the present study. RESULTS: For construct validity and floor and ceiling effect measurements, a total sample of 107 participants was used. For reliability, a subsample of 51 participants out of the total sample was used. We identified adequate values for reliability (kappa ≥ 0.79 and ICC = 0.98) and internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.84). Regarding the error inherent in the FINDRISC, we found SEM = 8.02% and MDC = 22.44%. There were significant correlations between the FINDRISC and the QRDM (r = 0.686) and DKN-A (r = -0.216). No ceiling or floor effects were found. CONCLUSION: The Brazilian version of the FINDRISC has adequate psychometric properties that are in accordance with the best international recommendations.
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Comparación Transcultural , Adaptación Psicológica , Brasil , Diabetes Mellitus , Finlandia , Humanos , Psicometría , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) is a questionnaire that was developed by Finnish researchers to track the risk of diabetes. OBJECTIVE: To translate, cross-culturally adapt and validate the FINDRISC for use in Brazilian Portuguese. DESIGN AND SETTING: Questionnaire validity study conducted at a private university. METHODS: The Brazilian version of the FINDRISC was developed through the processes of translation, back-translation, committee review and pre-testing. Test-retest reliability was measured using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), kappa coefficient, standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimum detectable change (MDC). Internal consistency was measured using Cronbach's alpha. For construct validity, the total score of the FINDRISC was correlated with the Diabetes Knowledge Scale (DKN-A) and Diabetes Mellitus Risk Questionnaire (QRDM). Ceiling and floor effects were also evaluated in the present study. RESULTS: For construct validity and floor and ceiling effect measurements, a total sample of 107 participants was used. For reliability, a subsample of 51 participants out of the total sample was used. We identified adequate values for reliability (kappa ≥ 0.79 and ICC = 0.98) and internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.84). Regarding the error inherent in the FINDRISC, we found SEM = 8.02% and MDC = 22.44%. There were significant correlations between the FINDRISC and the QRDM (r = 0.686) and DKN-A (r = -0.216). No ceiling or floor effects were found. CONCLUSION: The Brazilian version of the FINDRISC has adequate psychometric properties that are in accordance with the best international recommendations.
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Humanos , Comparación Transcultural , Psicometría , Brasil , Adaptación Psicológica , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Diabetes Mellitus , FinlandiaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The infections caused by fungi represent a global concern and an important cause of hospital admissions in endemic areas. The influence of socio-environmental factors in infectious diseases has been documented; however, this phenomenon remains unclear regarding mycoses. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to analyse the spatio-temporal dynamics of hospitalisations for mycoses (HM) and the association with socio-economic and climate data in the Amazon-Savanna Transition Region in the state of Maranhão, Brazil. METHODS: In this study, Spearman's correlation was applied to determine the correlation between HM, socio-economic and climatic data obtained from national databases in the period from 1998 to 2016. Hospitalisations for mycoses data were spatialised and analysed using the local Moran's index. RESULTS: Our data revealed a negative and significant correlation between HM and socio-economic data regarding population, demographic density, human development index, health facilities and sanitary sewage. Significant correlations were observed between HM and precipitation, maximum temperature and minimum temperature. The main modulating climatic variable was the minimum temperature. The spatial autocorrelation analysis showed the dynamics of HM in municipalities belonging to the different regions of the state influenced by socio-economic conditions. We observed the presence of municipalities with high incidence of HM surrounded by others with low HM cases and vice versa. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that hospitalisations for mycoses represent an important indicator of socio-environmental vulnerability in the Amazon-Savanna transition region in Brazil. We encourage the adoption of measures to mitigate social and environmental impact on these diseases, especially in municipalities with low socio-economic status.
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Hospitalización/estadística & datos numéricos , Micosis/epidemiología , Brasil/epidemiología , Clima , Atención a la Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Demografía , Humanos , Incidencia , Prevalencia , Lluvia , Saneamiento/estadística & datos numéricos , Estaciones del Año , Factores Socioeconómicos , Análisis Espacio-Temporal , Estadísticas no ParamétricasRESUMEN
Sickle cell anaemia is one of the most common hemoglobinopathies worldwide and an important public health problem in Brazil. This study evaluated the prevalence of sickle cell anaemia and its traits in newborns from the Amazon-Savanna Transition Region in the state of Maranhão, Brazil. A cross-sectional study was carried out, based on data from neonatal screening tests performed in 2013-2015 in Maranhão. The Hardy-Weinberg theorem was applied to analyse the frequency of expected homozygotes based on HbSS phenotype. A spatial-temporal distribution analysis was performed to delimit the regions with the greatest number of newborn cases with sickle cell anaemia. Of 283,003 newborns, 162 were found to have sickle cell anaemia, while 10,794 had a sickle cell trait, with a prevalence of 0.05% and 3.8%, respectively. The prevalence of expected homozygotes was higher in the North Region and in the state capital of Maranhão. This study may contribute to existing social and public health actions or the creation of new strategies for sickle cell disease in endemic areas in Brazil to improve the quality of life.
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Anemia de Células Falciformes/epidemiología , Ambiente , Brasil/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Bosques , Pradera , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Tamizaje Neonatal , PrevalenciaRESUMEN
Climate can modulate human health at large spatial scales, but the influence of global, regional, and local environments remains poorly understood, especially for neglected diseases, such as mycoses. In this work, we present the correlation between climatic variables and hospitalizations for mycoses in Brazilian state capitals, evaluating the period of 2008 to 2016 at different time scales. The results indicate that climate modulates the hospitalizations for mycoses differently at annual and monthly time scales, with minimum temperature as a key climatic variable during periods of high prevalence in the 10 Brazilian capitals with the highest hospitalizations for mycoses rates. The greatest number of hospitalizations coincided with La Niña events, while a reduction was observed during El Niño events, thereby demonstrating the influence of the Pacific Interdecadal Climate Oscillation on the prevalence of mycoses in Brazil. At a regional scale, the mycoses burden in Brazil appears to respond differently to local and global climatic drivers.