RESUMEN
A case of an isolated volar dislocation of the second and third carpometacarpal (CMC) joints in an 18-year-old man is described. He presented following a game of rugby unable to move his hand or wrist. He was managed by manipulation and K-Wire fixation. Hand function was excellent following wire removal and mobilization. This is an extremely rare injury, easily missed. The mechanism of injury described leads to comparison with the Lisfranc injury of the foot.
Asunto(s)
Hilos Ortopédicos , Articulaciones Carpometacarpianas/lesiones , Luxaciones Articulares/terapia , Manipulación Ortopédica , Adolescente , Articulaciones Carpometacarpianas/diagnóstico por imagen , Articulaciones Carpometacarpianas/cirugía , Fútbol Americano/lesiones , Humanos , Imagenología Tridimensional , Luxaciones Articulares/diagnóstico por imagen , Luxaciones Articulares/etiología , Masculino , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
One result of the publishing of the human genome sequence is the ability to define objects through their position on the consensus sequence. While this has simplified the process of creating order maps for genes on a chromosome, it has created discrepancies between the published cytolocations of human genes, as presented through genetic references, and those locations derived computationally from the genomic sequence. For the 6,830 records with HUGO gene symbols shared between the online version of Mendelian Inheritance in Man and Ensembl, 18% of the records have a discrepancy of at least one cytogenetic band between the datasets. Discordance between data sets at this frequency would have a significant impact on the utility of datasets created by the amalgamation of numerous biological databases.
Asunto(s)
Mapeo Cromosómico/métodos , Genoma Humano , Secuencia de Bases , Humanos , Reproducibilidad de los ResultadosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To perform a multicentre follow-up study to determine if previously identified markers of serious illness in early infancy were robust and statistically reliable. METHODS: Infants aged 1 week to 26 weeks presenting to the Emergency Departments of the Royal Children's Hospital and two Melbourne metropolitan hospitals were seen over a 12-month period. Eleven clinical markers as well as their temperature were documented by nursing staff and resident medical officers. Serious illness was defined if infants had a positive body fluid bacterial culture, a positive chest X-ray or if significant treatment was required in hospital. The predictive values, sensitivity and specificity for the individual and the best combination of clinical markers were determined. RESULTS: Assessments (3806) were performed with 312 infants being assessed as seriously ill (8.2%). The combination of either drowsiness on history or examination, pallor on history or examination, breathing difficulty (chest wall recession), temperature above 38 degrees C and a lump being present, identified 82.5% of all babies deemed subsequently to be seriously ill. The positive predictive value of an infant who was febrile, drowsy and pale on examination was 70.7% (previous study 74%). CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed the high individual predictive value of arousal variables, pallor, and chest wall recession, especially when associated with fever, reaffirming their utility in the recognition of serious illness in infants under 6 months of age.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores/análisis , Enfermedades del Recién Nacido/diagnóstico , Anomalías Congénitas/diagnóstico , Anomalías Congénitas/terapia , Enfermedad Crítica , Enfermedades del Sistema Digestivo/diagnóstico , Enfermedades del Sistema Digestivo/terapia , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Enfermedades del Recién Nacido/terapia , Infecciones/diagnóstico , Infecciones/terapia , Masculino , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Virosis/diagnóstico , Virosis/terapiaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To compare histoacryl blue tissue adhesive glue with suturing in the repair of simple paediatric lacerations. METHODOLOGY: Prospective, randomised controlled trial in tertiary paediatric emergency department. Children 4 years old or older with non-ragged lacerations <5 cm in length, <12-h-old and not involving eyelid or mucous membrane. A total of 163 patients were randomly allocated to either glue (83 cases) or sutures (80 controls) to repair their laceration. Primary outcome measures were cosmetic outcome at 3 and 12 months with secondary outcomes-length of time to perform procedure, and pain assessment of procedure by doctor, nurse, parent and child. RESULTS: Cases and controls were similar in age, wound length and width and body part involved, but more females received glue (P = 0.013). Time taken to repair the wound was faster in the glue group (median 0-2 mins vs. 6-10 min suture, P<0.001). Doctors (P = 0.02), nurses (P<0.01) and parents (P = 0.02) but not the children themselves (P = 0.24) rated glue repair as less distressing. Complications at 1 week (wound dehiscence, redness and discharge) were the same for both groups (P>0.2). Cosmetic outcome was the same for both groups at 3 (n = 65) and 12 (n = 65) months (P>0.7). CONCLUSION: Tissue adhesive glue is faster and probably less painful than suturing. Tissue adhesive glue has the same cosmetic result as suturing when used for the repair of simple lacerations in children.
Asunto(s)
Enbucrilato/análogos & derivados , Suturas , Adhesivos Tisulares/uso terapéutico , Cicatrización de Heridas , Heridas Penetrantes/terapia , Niño , Preescolar , Enbucrilato/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Dimensión del Dolor , Estudios Prospectivos , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
In plants, the rate-limiting step in the pathway for lysine synthesis is catalyzed by the enzyme dihydrodipicolinate synthase (DS), which is encoded by the DapA gene. We previously cloned the soybean (Glycine max cv. Century) DapA gene in Escherichia coli to express functional soybean DS protein. Like the wild-type soybean DS enzyme, the DS activity encoded by the cloned gene was extremely sensitive to feedback inhibition by micromolar concentrations of lysine. Three mutants of the soybean DapA gene were constructed using PCR: one with a single amino acid substitution at codon 104, another with a single amino acid substitution at codon 112, and a mutant containing both modifications. When expressed in E. coli, the mutant DS activities were insensitive to lysine at concentrations up to 1 mM.
Asunto(s)
Glycine max/genética , Hidroliasas/genética , Lisina/farmacología , Mutación , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Resistencia a Medicamentos/genética , Retroalimentación , Hidroliasas/efectos de los fármacos , Glycine max/enzimologíaRESUMEN
The rate-limiting step in the pathway for lysine synthesis in plants is catalyzed by the enzyme dihydrodipicolinate synthase (DS). We have cloned the portion of the soybean (Glycine max cv. Century) DapA cDNA that encodes the mature DS protein. Expression of the cloned soybean cDNA, as a lacZ fusion protein was selected in a dapA- Escherichia coli auxotroph. The DS activity of the fusion protein was characterized in E. coli extracts. The DS activity of the fusion protein was inhibited by lysine concentrations that also inhibited native soybean DS, while E. coli DS activity was much less sensitive to inhibition by lysine.
Asunto(s)
Genes de Plantas/genética , Glycine max/genética , Hidroliasas/genética , Ácidos Picolínicos/metabolismo , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Secuencia de Bases , Clonación Molecular , Cotiledón/metabolismo , Hidroliasas/biosíntesis , Hidroliasas/efectos de los fármacos , Luz , Lisina/biosíntesis , Lisina/farmacología , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Hojas de la Planta/metabolismo , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusión/biosíntesis , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Homología de Secuencia de Aminoácido , Glycine max/enzimología , Glycine max/efectos de la radiaciónRESUMEN
Light induces chloroplast (Cp) differentiation in dark-grown y-1 strains of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Slot blot analysis was used to quantitate tufA, psbA, psbK, rbcL, and 16S rRNA transcript accumulation and transcription during Cp differentiation. When etiolated cc-125 y-1 cells were illuminated for 5 h, a 1710 bp tufA mRNA accumulated up to 5-fold while the psbA, rbcL, and 16S rRNA transcripts accumulated less than 1.5-fold. The tufA gene encodes translational elongation factor EF-Tu. The light-induced accumulation of tufA mRNA did not occur in cc-1931, a strain that does not become etiolated in darkness. Pulse labelling was used to measure the transcription of Cp transcripts during tufA mRNA accumulation, and no detectable change in tufA transcription was observed. These results imply that the half life of the tufA transcript increases during the greening process.
Asunto(s)
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii/genética , Cloroplastos/metabolismo , Factor Tu de Elongación Peptídica/genética , Factores de Elongación de Péptidos/genética , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , Northern Blotting , Chlamydomonas reinhardtii/crecimiento & desarrollo , Chlamydomonas reinhardtii/metabolismo , ADN , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Cinética , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Factor Tu de Elongación Peptídica/biosíntesis , Factores de Elongación de Péptidos/metabolismo , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , Transcripción GenéticaRESUMEN
We have developed a novel method for the rapid preparation of large quantities of 3' end-labeled single-stranded (ss) DNA (ssDNA) probes for transcript mapping. A recombinant phagemid vector containing the probe sequence was used to raise large quantities of ssDNA. Based on the DNA sequence of the probe, an oligonucleotide primer complementary to the ssDNA probe was synthesized. Annealing of the primer to the purified ssDNA phagemid clone produced a short double-stranded DNA duplex containing a restriction site, which was then cut with a restriction enzyme to generate a 5' overhang of the primer strand. The phagemid DNA was labeled at the 3' end with the Klenow fragment of polymerase I. The low melting temperatures of the short primer-phagemid duplex caused the primer to dissociate during the hybridization of the probe to algal RNA. For this reason, the probe can be used for S1 mapping without further purification. This method was used to map the 3' end of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplast psbK transcript.
Asunto(s)
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii/genética , Técnicas de Sonda Molecular , ARN Mensajero/genética , ARN Protozoario/genética , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , Biotecnología , Cloroplastos/metabolismo , Mapeo Cromosómico , Sondas de ADN , ADN Protozoario/genética , ADN de Cadena Simple/genética , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Proteínas del Complejo del Centro de Reacción Fotosintética/genética , Transcripción GenéticaAsunto(s)
Chlamydomonas/genética , Clorofila/genética , Cloroplastos/metabolismo , Intrones , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Secuencia de Bases , Genes , Complejos de Proteína Captadores de Luz , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Proteínas del Complejo del Centro de Reacción Fotosintética , Complejo de Proteína del Fotosistema II , Homología de Secuencia de Ácido NucleicoRESUMEN
A plasmid library of chloroplast (Cp) DNA from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was used to screen for transcripts which respond to light. A transcript of R03, a 1,300 bp EcoRI fragment, was identified as a message which accumulates in darkness. The transcribed region of R03 showed extensive sequence homology with the Escherichia coli elongation factor gene, tufA. A gene-specific probe was constructed. Northern blots were used to study the extent and kinetics of accumulation of this transcript in darkness and in the presence of antibiotic inhibitors of Cp ribosomes. For comparison, the effects of darkness and antibiotics on the steady state levels of psbA, rbcL, and 16S rRNA were also studied. We conclude that the tuf transcript shows the greatest increase in darkness and in the presence of antibiotics.