RESUMEN
Bacterial counts were made over a period of two years of two important commercial shrimp varieties of Karachi coastal waters. Bacteria were also isolated and identified. Total number of bacteria were found to be remarkably equal at 37 degrees, 30 degrees and 25 degrees C. Aerobic plate count of Penaeus merguiensis at 37 degrees C ranged from 1.2 X 10(5) to 6.0 X 10(7) CFU/g (Median 1.8 X 10(6) CFU/g), and were predominantly Vibrio, Micrococcus, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Bacillus, and Flavobacterium. The corresponding count at 30 degrees C ranged from 3.2 X 10(5) to 4.7 X 10(7) CFU/g (Median 2.6 X 10(6) CFU/g). The bacterial flora in order of predominance were Vibrio, Micrococcus, Pseudomonas, Moraxella, Flavobacterium, Bacillus, Alteromonas, and Acinetobacter. The 25 degrees C counts ranged from 5.3 X 10(5) to 8.5 X 10(7) CFU/g (Median 3.1 X 10(6) CFU/g), the flora was composed of Vibrio, Moraxella, Micrococcus, Pseudomonas, Flavobacterium, Bacillus, Alteromonas, and Acinetobacter in order of predominance. The aerobic plate count of Metapenaeus monoceros at 30 degrees C ranged from 8.4 x 10(5) to 3.8 x 10(7) CFU/g (Median 2.9 x 10(6) CFU/g). The bacterial flora in order of predominance were Vibrio, Micrococcus, Moraxella, Pseudomonas, Alteromonas, Flavobacterium and Staphylococcus. No significant qualitative or quantitative difference was obtained between the two shrimp species. The presence of Staphylococcus at 37 degrees C was attributed to favourable incubation temperature as well as to excessive unsanitary handling while the absence of Moraxella and Alteromonas putrefaciens at this temperature was considered due to the psychotrophic nature of these organisms.
Asunto(s)
Microbiología de Alimentos , Penaeidae/microbiología , Microbiología del Agua , Animales , Bacterias/aislamiento & purificación , Técnicas Bacteriológicas , Pakistán , Estaciones del Año , TemperaturaAsunto(s)
Infecciones Urinarias/epidemiología , Adolescente , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Pakistán , Factores SexualesAsunto(s)
Ayuno , Jugo Gástrico/microbiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Animales , Humanos , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Lactobacillus/crecimiento & desarrollo , Lactobacillus/aislamiento & purificación , Persona de Mediana Edad , Staphylococcus/crecimiento & desarrollo , Staphylococcus/aislamiento & purificación , Levaduras/crecimiento & desarrollo , Levaduras/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
The sputa of 231 cases, who were admitted to Ojha Institute of Chest Diseases, Karachi were studied in order to compare the efficiency and reliability of three pretreatment methods viz. Standard method, Marks' method (1959), and Becker's method (1961). Out of the 231 specimens, 132 were film positive while 99 were film negative. 141 cases were found positive after cultivation on LJ medium. The number of cases found to be positive with Standard method, Marks' method and Becker's method were 91, 84, 105 respectively. Contaminations encountered with Standard method were 43, with Marks' method 41, and with Becker's method 20. 97 negatives were observed with Standard method and 106 each with Marks' and Beckers' methods. The merits and demerits of the three methods are discussed.