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PURPOSE: The Government of India offers various schemes for various classes of citizens. Most of the application forms of schemes to be filled are in English and it is observed that monolingual individuals find it difficult to access and fill the forms. This paper addresses the challenges faced by monolingual individuals in India, particularly the elderly, people with impairments, and those from marginalized communities. The proposed work is to create an interactive system called "Dhvani" voicebot, specifically designed for the Kannada language. It helps users in identifying suitable government schemes and fills forms in English. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The proposed system is developed using the RASA chatbot framework and NLP techniques to comprehend user utterances. RNN and SVM algorithms are employed to ensure smooth conversation flow and interaction with the users. To enhance scheme suggestion accuracy, a knowledge graph is created, containing relevant data on government schemes. RESULTS: The intent classification model achieves an accuracy of 97%, indicating its ability to accurately understand user intentions. The integration of a knowledge graph improves the accuracy of scheme identification and suggestion to users. The system automates the process of filling out government scheme forms based on user inputs. CONCLUSION: Dhvani voicebot system presents a practical solution to address the challenges faced by monolingual individuals in accessing government schemes in India. The high accuracy of intent classification and the use of a knowledge graph contribute to the system's effectiveness. The study suggests that this system can be extended to other languages.

An automated tool called "Dhvani" will solve the problem of aged, illiterate and physically challenged persons filling forms in post offices and banks. Most of the schemes, pension funds, cash withdrawal, cash deposit is through these organizations. So. the tool makes the process easier for the above mention persons without the help of others.An intent recognition and interactive tool developed in Kannada Language which is widely spoken in Karnataka, India. The digital resources available in Kannada Language is very sparce.Use of technology like interactive tool, Knowledge graph, RNN and SVM are used in the development of the tool.Government scheme recommendation interactively makes the users to choose the scheme faster in an interactive way.The form is filled automatically and can be edited to rectify mistakes.

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Introduction Medication adherence is a critical aspect of managing chronic diseases. Poor medication adherence leads to therapeutic failures and increased health costs, and puts patients at potentially life-threatening risks.The impact is felt drastically by patients suffering from chronic diseases. Patient satisfaction is known to be strongly associated with medication adherence. Psychosocial factors such as depression have been proven to negatively affect medication adherence; however, to our best knowledge, the association of stress with adherence remains largely unexplored. Objectives The aim of this study is to explore or assess the relationship between medication adherence, patient satisfaction, and stress levels. Methods A cross-sectional observational study was conducted within an Indian metropolitan city (Mumbai) among adults diagnosed and treated for at least one chronic disease with a medication regimen spanning over three months. An online questionnaire was designed, incorporating validated scales such as the Adherence to Refills and Medications Scale, Short Assessment of Patient Satisfaction, and Perceived Stress Scale. Results In the study, 23.7% of participants (n=300) showed adherence to their prescribed treatment regimen. Adherence exhibited a positive association with age (p=0.009) and educational attainment (p=0.031). Additionally, a significant gender difference emerged, with males (28%) displaying higher adherence rates compared to females (16.7%) (p=0.036). Furthermore, participants reporting lower stress levels exhibited higher adherence (39.5%), while those experiencing moderate-to-high stress levels displayed reduced adherence rates (17-18.8%) (p<0.05). Patient satisfaction was also linked to adherence, as satisfied individuals demonstrated higher adherence levels (29.1%) in contrast to dissatisfied counterparts (15.7%) (p=0.011). Conclusion Level of medication adherence is much lower in India as compared to other developed nations. Various demographic factors such as age, sex, and education status influence adherence. Physician counselling plays an important role in adherence, and satisfied patients are far more adherent. Furthermore, a significant negative association was found between stress and adherence.

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Purpose: Aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of sodium hyaluronate (SH) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) eye drops in treating mild to moderate dry eye disease in terms of relief of symptoms, mean change in tear film breakup time, Schirmer's test, and impression cytology of conjunctiva from baseline. Methods: An observational study was carried out during a 2-year period in our tertiary referral hospital. The study consisted of 60 patients randomly allotted to two groups to receive SH and CMC eye drops for an 8-week period. Ocular surface disease index, tear film breakup time, and Schirmer's test were performed at baseline visit and 4 and 8 weeks of treatment, and impression cytology of conjunctiva was performed at baseline and 8 weeks. Results: Significant improvement in patient symptoms, tear film breakup time, and Schirmer's test from baseline was seen in both SH and CMC groups at 8 weeks posttreatment, whereas impression cytology of conjunctiva in both groups did not show significant improvement at 8 weeks of treatment. Data analysis using unpaired t-test showed comparable results. Conclusion: Both CMC and SH demonstrated equal efficacy in treating mild to moderate dry eye disease.

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Head injury associated with orbital trauma is commonly encountered in day-to-day practice. We report a rare case of orbital trauma resulting in isolated orbital "roof blow" in fracture in a 14-year-old child. The patient presented to us with diplopia and limitation of elevation of right eye after orbital trauma. Computed tomography of the orbits (2 mm sections) did not reveal fracture of the orbital floor. However, there was orbital roof "blow in" fracture with fracture fragment impingement on the superior rectus muscle. Patient was treated conservatively and spontaneous recovery of ocular motility was noted after a month.

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BACKGROUND: Rajata Sindura (RS) is a mercurial preparation, known for its properties like Rasayana (rejuvinating), Balya (strengthening), Vrushya (aphrodisiac), Medhya (increasing intellect) and can cure various diseases when used with appropriate adjuvant. It is prepared with Hingulottha Parada (purified mercury), Shuddha Gandhaka (purified sulfur) and Shuddha Rajata (purified silver) in a proportion of 1:1:4. Process standardization and characterization of RS are not reported until date. AIM: Pharmaceutical standardization and characterization of Rajata Sindura. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Purified mercury and silver were triturated to form amalgam, followed by the addition of purified sulfur to prepare Kajjali and lavigated with Vatankura (leaf buds of Ficus benghalensis Linn.) swarasa (juice). This Kajjali was processed by Kupipakwa method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: RS was prepared in 33 h with 20.25% yield. Scanning electron microscope coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis has shown Mercury 86.21%, sulfur 13.27% as major elements; iron, calcium, potassium, magnesium and silver were other detected minor elements. X-ray diffraction report revealed the chemical nature of RS as HgS compound, having cubic crystal structure.

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Efficacyand safety of a new herbal cream containing aqueous extracts of Azadirachta indica, Curcuma longa, Pongamia glabra, Glycyrrihiza glabra and Santallum album were evaluated in amulticentric, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. With active drug treatment, there was significant improvement in various signs like redness, oedema and symptoms like itching, burning, discharge and discomfort, compared to placebo treatment. Microscopic examination of smear and culture showed significant reduction of offending organisms after treatment with active drug. In patient's global evaluation, active drug was rated 70% as very good and in investigators evaluation 82% as very effective and effective. The overall efficacy was as high as 76% with active drug as against only 24% with placebo. Both active drug and placebo were well tolerated.