RESUMEN
The terpenols l(-)-borneol, (1S2S3S5R)-3-pinanol, (-)-menthol, and (-)-myrtenol are easily available chiral alcohols for the preparation of enantiomerically pure catechol esters -H2. Those ligands are used for the hierarchical assembly of triple lithium-bridged dinuclear titanium(iv) triscatecholate helicates Li[Li3()6Ti2]. In solution, the dimeric species are in a solvent dependent equilibrium with the monomer Li2[()3Ti]. The equilibrium is studied by (1)H NMR. CD spectroscopy indicates that the configuration at the complex units of the enantiomerically pure dimeric α-chiral derivatives Li[Li3()6Ti2] is opposite to the configuration of the monomers Li2[()3Ti]. For the γ-chiral complex Li2[()3Ti] only a de of 25% is observed and in this case no interpretation of the mechanism of stereocontrol is possible.
RESUMEN
In the years preceding and following the turn of the 19th century several publications appeared independently that drew attention to what is now regarded as sarcoidosis. The first recorded and illustrated example is attributed to Jonathan Hutchinson of London. It appeared in Illustrations of Clinical Surgery (1877).
Asunto(s)
Medicina Interna/historia , Sarcoidosis/historia , Historia del Siglo XIX , Historia del Siglo XX , Humanos , Estados UnidosRESUMEN
Relapsing polychondritis is characterized by recurrent inflammation of the cartilaginous tissues of the ears, nose, peripheral joints, and the tracheobronchial tree. The eye is also a frequent target organ in relapsing polychondritis, and proptosis is a well-recognized manifestation of eye involvement. Similar to other rheumatologic diseases, an association of relapsing polychondritis with malignancy has been reported. We describe a patient with relapsing polychondritis who presented with exophthalmos. When treatment directed toward control of her underlying disease was only partially effective, further investigation revealed that she had an orbital mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)-type B cell lymphoma. We hypothesize that the lymphoma resulted from malignant transformation of the relapsing polychondritis-induced inflammatory pseudotumor and emphasize that neoplastic disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis in patients with relapsing polychondritis presenting with exophthalmos.
Asunto(s)
Exoftalmia/etiología , Linfoma de Células B de la Zona Marginal/complicaciones , Policondritis Recurrente/complicaciones , Adulto , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Exoftalmia/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Linfoma de Células B de la Zona Marginal/patología , Neoplasias Orbitales/complicaciones , Neoplasias Orbitales/patología , Policondritis Recurrente/patología , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
In this study we evaluate the antifibrotic properties of PG-490-88, a water-soluble derivative of triptolide. Triptolide is an oxygenated diterpene that is derived from a traditional Chinese herb that has potent immunosuppressive and antitumor activity. We used the intratracheal bleomycin mouse model and found that PG490-88 inhibits fibrosis in the bleomycin group when given the same day or 5 days after bleomycin. PG490-88 also markedly reduced the number of myofibroblasts in the bleomycin treatment group. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid showed a significant decrease in TGF-beta in the PG490-88-treated groups compared to the bleomycin-treated group. Additionally, triptolide blocked bleomycin-induced increase in TGF-beta mRNA in cultured normal human lung fibroblasts. The efficacy of PG490-88 when administered late after bleomycin installation suggests a potential role in the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.