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BACKGROUND: This study evaluates a three-dimensional (3D) visualisation design combined with customized surgical guides to assist anterior maxillary segmental distraction osteogenesis (AMSDO) in correcting maxillary hypoplasia in adolescents with cleft lip and palate (CLP), focusing on treatment outcomes, satisfaction and the validity of 3D planning. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at a single hospital in China. Between January 2020 and December 2023, 12 adolescents with CLP with maxillary hypoplasia were included. An advanced 3D simulation was used to convey the treatment strategy to the patients and their families. A customized surgical guide and distraction osteogenesis device were designed. Cephalometric analysis evaluated AMSDO changes and long-term stability. Patient satisfaction was assessed. The Chinese version of the Child Oral Health Impact Profile was used to evaluate the children's oral health-related quality of life before and after treatment. The postoperative outcomes were compared with the planned outcomes by superimposing the actual postoperative data onto the simulated soft tissue models and calculating the linear and angular differences between them. RESULTS: One patient experienced postoperative gingivitis, yielding an 8.33% complication rate. Most patients (83.33%) were highly satisfied with the target position, with the rest content. Cephalometric analysis showed significant improvements in various indices post-traction. Quality-of-life scores significantly improved post-treatment. The discrepancies in facial soft tissue between the simulated and actual results were within clinically satisfactory ranges. CONCLUSIONS: Digitally designed surgical guides effectively treat maxillary hypoplasia in adolescents with CLP, ensuring stability, reducing complications, reducing dependency on operator experience, and enhancing satisfaction and health outcomes. Although the simulated results were clinically acceptable, it is important to inform patients of potential variations in the predicted soft tissue.

Asunto(s)

Labio Leporino , Fisura del Paladar , Imagenología Tridimensional , Maxilar , Osteogénesis por Distracción , Humanos , Labio Leporino/cirugía , Labio Leporino/complicaciones , Adolescente , Fisura del Paladar/cirugía , Fisura del Paladar/complicaciones , Osteogénesis por Distracción/métodos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Femenino , Masculino , Maxilar/anomalías , Maxilar/cirugía , Imagenología Tridimensional/métodos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Satisfacción del Paciente , Cefalometría , Calidad de Vida , Niño

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The mining of deep underground coal seams induces the movement, failure, and collapse of the overlying rock-soil body, and the development of this damaging effect on the surface causes ground fissures and ground subsidence on the surface. To ensure safety throughout the life cycle of the mine, fully distributed, real-time, and continuous sensing and early warning is essential. However, due to mining being a dynamic process with time and space, the overburden movement and collapse induced by mining activities often have a time lag effect. Therefore, how to find a new way to resolve the issue of the existing discontinuous monitoring technology of overburden deformation, obtain the spatiotemporal continuous information of the overlying strata above the coal seam in real time and accurately, and clarify the whole process of deformation in the compression-tensile strain transition zone of overburden has become a key breakthrough in the investigation of overburden deformation mechanism and mining subsidence. On this basis, firstly, the advantages and disadvantages of in situ observation technology of mine rock-soil body were compared and analyzed from the five levels of survey, remote sensing, testing, exploration, and monitoring, and a deformation and failure perception technology based on spatiotemporal continuity was proposed. Secondly, the evolution characteristics and deformation failure mechanism of the compression-tensile strain transition zone of overburden were summarized from three aspects: the typical mode of deformation and collapse of overlying rock-soil body, the key controlling factors of deformation and failure in the overburden compression-tensile strain transition zone, and the stability evaluation of overburden based on reliability theory. Finally, the spatiotemporal continuous perception technology of overburden deformation based on DFOS is introduced in detail, and an integrated coal seam mining overburden safety guarantee system is proposed. The results of the research can provide an important evaluation basis for the design of mining intensity, emergency decisions, and disposal of risks, and they can also give important guidance for the assessment of ground geological and ecological restoration and management caused by underground coal mining.

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Batroxobin, isolated from Bothrops moojeni, is a defibrinogenating agent used as a thrombin-like serine protease against fibrinogen for improving microcirculation. Here, we investigated whether, and if so, how batroxobin acts in concert with NK cells in terms of anti-tumor effects. CD3+/CD56+ NK cells were isolated and cultured from C57BL/6 mouse spleen. NK cells' viability was tested via Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. Lewis lung cancer cell (1*107 cell/ml) was used to build animal models. All animals were divided into five groups and treated with Batroxobin and NK cells respectively. HE staining was used to detect the pathological morphology of tumor tissue. The contents of fibrinogen and TNF-α in serum were determined by ELISA. The protein expression levels of MMP2, MMP9, VEGF and CD44 in tumor tissues were detected by Western Blot or immunohistochemistry. Compared with Control group, Tumor growth was not significantly affected in the group treated with Batroxobin or NK cells alone, However, tumor growth was significantly inhibited in the NK cell combined with the Batroxobin group. Serum levels of Fbg and TNF-αin mice treated with Batroxobin combined with NK cells dropped significantly, bringing them closer to normal levels. WB results showed that the expression levels of MMP2/9, VEGF and CD44 in Batroxobin combined with NK cell group also significantly decreased. Batroxobin combined with adoptive immunotherapy with NK cells significantly inhibited the growth of Lewis lung cancer in mice.

Asunto(s)

Batroxobina , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Lewis , Fibrinógeno , Inmunoterapia Adoptiva , Células Asesinas Naturales , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa , Animales , Células Asesinas Naturales/inmunología , Células Asesinas Naturales/efectos de los fármacos , Inmunoterapia Adoptiva/métodos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/inmunología , Neoplasias Pulmonares/terapia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamiento farmacológico , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Lewis/inmunología , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Lewis/patología , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Lewis/terapia , Batroxobina/farmacología , Fibrinógeno/metabolismo , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Metaloproteinasa 9 de la Matriz/metabolismo , Metaloproteinasa 2 de la Matriz/metabolismo , Ratones , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/metabolismo , Receptores de Hialuranos/metabolismo , Línea Celular Tumoral

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AIMS: To assess the validity and internal reliability of the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ) among patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) and to explore the network structure of Complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) among MDD patients in China. METHODS: Eligible individuals were recruited from a large tertiary hospital in Guangdong Province. Trained researchers conducted in-person interviews and administered self-report questionnaires, including demographics, medical information, and psychological assessments. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) and network analysis were performed, with calculations of Average Variance Extracted (AVE), Cronbach's α, and composite reliability. RESULTS: A total of 113 patients with MDD participated in this study. The correlated six-factor one-order model was a good representation of the latent structure of ITQ (χ2= 60.114, df = 39, P = 0.017, SRMR = 0.070, RMSEA = 0.050, TLI = 0.952, CFI = 0.972, BIC = 175.508). All ITQ subscales possessed acceptable convergent validity and internal reliability, except for affective dysregulation and re-experiencing. The square root of AVE for affective dysregulation was lower than its correlations with other clusters. Network analysis revealed that node C4 ('I feel worthless'), as a core symptom, was significantly associated with the development of CPTSD. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical applicability of the ITQ was demonstrated by its overall validity and reliability among patients with MDD. However, the affective dysregulation and re-experiencing clusters still need to be revised and enhanced. Timely screening, recognition, and diagnosis are critical due to the worse clinical outcomes seen in comorbid patients.

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Trastorno Depresivo Mayor , Psicometría , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/diagnóstico , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/diagnóstico , Psicometría/normas , Psicometría/instrumentación , Persona de Mediana Edad , China , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Adulto Joven , Escalas de Valoración Psiquiátrica/normas , Encuestas y Cuestionarios/normas , Análisis Factorial , Pueblos del Este de Asia

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BACKGROUND: Peptide transporter 1 (PepT1) transports bacterial oligopeptide products and induces inflammation of the bowel. Nutritional peptides compete for the binding of intestinal bacterial products to PepT1. We investigated the mechanism of short-peptide-based enteral nutrition (SPEN) on the damage to the gut caused by the bacterial oligopeptide product muramyl dipeptide (MDP), which is transported by PepT1. The gut-lung axis is a shared mucosal immune system, and immune responses and disorders can affect the gut-respiratory relationship. METHODS AND RESULTS: Sprague-Dawley rats were gavaged with solutions containing MDP, MDP + SPEN, MDP + intact-protein-based enteral nutrition (IPEN), glucose as a control, or glucose with GSK669 (a NOD2 antagonist). Inflammation, mitochondrial damage, autophagy, and apoptosis were explored to determine the role of the PepT1-nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (NOD2)-beclin-1 signaling pathway in the small intestinal mucosa. MDP and proinflammatory factors of lung tissue were explored to determine that MDP can migrate to lung tissue and cause inflammation. Induction of proinflammatory cell accumulation and intestinal damage in MDP gavage rats was associated with increased NOD2 and Beclin-1 mRNA expression. IL-6 and TNF-α expression and apoptosis were increased, and mitochondrial damage was severe, as indicated by increased mtDNA in the MDP group compared with controls. MDP levels and expression of proinflammatory factors in lung tissue increased in the MDP group compared with the control group. SPEN, but not IPEN, eliminated these impacts. CONCLUSIONS: Gavage of MDP to rats resulted in damage to the gut-lung axis. SPEN reverses the adverse effects of MDP. The PepT1-NOD2-beclin-1 pathway plays a role in small intestinal inflammation, mitochondrial damage, autophagy, and apoptosis.

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Acetilmuramil-Alanil-Isoglutamina , Beclina-1 , Nutrición Enteral , Lesión Pulmonar , Proteína Adaptadora de Señalización NOD2 , Transportador de Péptidos 1 , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Transducción de Señal , Animales , Transportador de Péptidos 1/metabolismo , Transportador de Péptidos 1/genética , Ratas , Beclina-1/metabolismo , Beclina-1/genética , Proteína Adaptadora de Señalización NOD2/metabolismo , Proteína Adaptadora de Señalización NOD2/genética , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Lesión Pulmonar/metabolismo , Masculino , Acetilmuramil-Alanil-Isoglutamina/farmacología , Nutrición Enteral/métodos , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Mucosa Intestinal/metabolismo , Mucosa Intestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Mucosa Intestinal/patología , Autofagia/efectos de los fármacos , Pulmón/metabolismo , Pulmón/patología , Pulmón/efectos de los fármacos , Inflamación/metabolismo

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Risk assessment and source identification of multi-pollutants are essential for accurate control of soil contamination. However, complexity in pollutant properties and diversity in source types raise challenges to the target. Therefore, this study constructed a hierarchical ecological risk quantification method combined with risk ranking, risk of single pollutant using potential affected fraction (PAF), and joint risk of multi-pollutants employing msPAF. Taking regional contamination in South China as a case, the risk ranking was determined, while single and joint effects showed msPAF reaching 79.4 %, with risk as heavy metals (HMs) > per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) > polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Meanwhile, an integrated source apportionment method was established from three layers by principal component analysis to classify source types, multiple linear regression of distance to identify key sources, and positive matrix factorization to track omitted sources. Consequently, key sources were captured, with 80.8 %-93.2 % contribution of farmland and electroplating to three main HMs, 52.2 %-69.4 % contribution of roads to three main PAHs, and 71.1 %-73.2 % contribution of electroplating to two main PFASs. Further, omitted sources were tracked with contribution of 31.2 %-84.1 % to eight pollutants. The established methods can identify control targets, including high-risk pollutants and their key sources.

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Urban wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) play vital roles in the urban water cycle, ensuring access to safe drinking water and maintaining aquatic ecosystems. This study comprehensively assessed the occurrence and risks of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in urban WWTPs and DWTPs. Our findings revealed widespread PPCPs presence, with concentrations ranging from <1 ng/L to several thousand ng/L. Significant regional disparities in occurrence and composition were observed linked to population types and economic structures. Furthermore, strong correlations were observed between DWTPs and WWTPs indicating consistent transport and transformation patterns of PPCPs within the urban water cycle. Approximately two-thirds of PPCPs were degraded post-WWTP treatment, with about one-tenth persisting in drinking water following surface water dilution and purification processes. Thus, we suggested that controlling the total concentration of the five priority PPCPs in the effluent from the WWTP to <1100 ng/L have potential to reduce the environmental and health risk of PPCPs. Additionally, this research identified influential water quality parameters, such as pH, dissolved oxygen, and temperature, through redundancy analysis. This research underscores the importance of establishing emission standards to mitigate PPCP-related risks and supports sustainable urban water system advancement.

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Monitoreo del Ambiente , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis , Preparaciones Farmacéuticas/análisis , Eliminación de Residuos Líquidos/métodos , Aguas Residuales/química , Cosméticos/análisis , Purificación del Agua/métodos , Ciudades , Agua Potable/química , Medición de Riesgo , Calidad del Agua

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Background and Aims: The preference of beauty seekers for noninvasive, convenient, and long-lasting effective facial cosmetic techniques with minimal downtime and recovery time is obvious nowadays. As a part of traditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture has great advantages in solving these problems. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of two distinct acupuncture techniques for facial rejuvenation in treating nasolabial folds (NFs) and marionette lines (MLs). Methods: One hundred beauty seekers who have received facial acupuncture cosmetic treatment in hospitals between June 1, 2020, and December 31, 2022, were selected randomly and inquired. Among them, 50 beauty seekers (Group Ⅰ) have received a normal facial traditional Chinese medicine acupuncture therapy, by inserting the needles perpendicularly into the acupoints. Meanwhile, another 50 beauty seekers (Group Ⅱ) were treated by needle knives, which were inserted parallelly under the dermis and basically along the meridians of Chinese medicine linked by the acupoints. The records of pain evaluation and adverse events on cases, subjective satisfactions, and objective evaluations of efficacy were summarized and statistically analyzed. Results: The efficacy of Group Ⅱ is better than Group Ⅰ. The dermatologists' assessments for NF and ML show significant differences between Groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ after one course. The mean value of subjective satisfaction also obeys the rules above. Although Group Ⅱ exhibited the highest value of mean pain intensity, the adverse events were basically mild. Furthermore, Group Ⅱ showed higher willingness for additional treatments. Conclusion: Only in terms of the wrinkle depth of NF and ML, the method of acupuncturing parallelly under the dermis by needle knife is safe and more successful.

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BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess the public knowledge regarding Alzheimer's Disease (AD) in Zhuhai, China, focusing on identifying knowledge gaps and the influence of demographic and health factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Zhuhai, China, from October to November 2022. A total of 1986 residents from 18 communities were selected employing stratified multi-stage equi-proportional sampling. Questionnaires covering general information and the Alzheimer's Disease Knowledge Scale (ADKS) were investigated face-to-face. Ordinal multiclass logistic regression was applied to assess the relationship between AD awareness and demographic and health characteristics. RESULTS: The average ADKS score was 18.5 (SD = 3.36) in Zhuhai. The lowest awareness rates were observed in the "Symptoms" and "Caregiving" subdomains of ADKS, with rates of 51.01% and 43.78%, respectively. The correct rates for the 30 ADKS questions ranged from 16.62 to 92.6%, showing a bimodal pattern with clusters around 80% and 20%. Women (OR = 1.203, 95% CI: 1.009-1.435), individuals aged 60 years or older (OR = 2.073, 95% CI: 1.467-2.932), those living in urban areas (OR = 1.361, 95% CI: 1.117-1.662), higher average monthly household income per capita (OR = 1.641, 95% CI: 1.297-2.082), and without any neurological or mental disorders (OR = 1.810, 95% CI: 1.323-2.478) were more likely to have higher levels of awareness about Alzheimer's disease. CONCLUSIONS: Adults in Zhuhai show a limited knowledge of AD, particularly in the 'Symptoms' and 'Caregiving' subdomains. Upcoming health campaigns must focus on bridging the knowledge gaps in different subdomains of AD, especially among subgroups with lower awareness, as identified in our study.

Asunto(s)

Enfermedad de Alzheimer , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Humanos , Estudios Transversales , China/epidemiología , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Adulto , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Adulto Joven

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This study comprehensively explores the clinical characteristics, diagnostic approaches, and treatment methods for liver mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCN). A retrospective analysis was conducted on seven individuals diagnosed with MCN, admitted to the Fifth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital between October 2016 and May 2023. Preoperative AFP was negative, while CA19-9 was elevated in two cases. Surgical resection was performed for all patients. The patients showed favorable postoperative recovery. Follow-up revealed an excellent overall survival rate, except for one case of invasive carcinoma resulting in tumor recurrence and metastasis 6 months after surgery. MCN poses a diagnostic challenge due to the absence of distinct clinical and radiological features, leading to potential misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment. Patients with suspected liver cystic diseases should consider the possibility of MCN. Surgical resection has proven to be a practical approach with satisfactory therapeutic outcomes.

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Neoplasias Hepáticas , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patología , Neoplasias Hepáticas/terapia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/cirugía , Adulto , Anciano , Hígado/patología , Hígado/cirugía , Hígado/metabolismo , Hígado/diagnóstico por imagen , Resultado del Tratamiento

RESUMEN

Co-combustion of industrial and municipal solid wastes has emerged as the most promising disposal technology, yet its effect on unknown contaminants generation remains rarely revealed due to waste complexity. Hence, six batches of large-scale engineering experiments were designed in an incinerator of 650 t/d, which overcame the inauthenticity and deviation of laboratory tests. 953-1772 non-targeted compounds were screened in fly ash. Targeting the impact of co-combustion, a pseudo-component matrix model was innovatively integrated to quantitatively extract nine components from complex wastes grouped into biomass and plastic. Thus, the influence was evaluated across eight dimensions, covering molecular characteristics and toxicity. The effect of co-combustion with biomass pseudo-components was insignificant. However, co-combustion with high ratios of plastic pseudo-components induced higher potential risks, significantly promoting the formation of unsaturated hydrocarbons, highly unsaturated compounds (DBE≥15), and cyclic compounds by 19 %- 49 %, 17 %- 31 %, and 7 %- 27 %, respectively. Especially, blending with high ratios of PET plastic pseudo-components produced more species of contaminants. Unique 2 Level I toxicants, bromomethyl benzene and benzofuran-2-carbaldehyde, as well as 4 Level II toxicants, were locked, receiving no concern in previous combustion. The results highlighted risks during high proportion plastics co-combustion, which can help pollution reduction by tuning source wastes to enable healthy co-combustion.

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Incineración , Ceniza del Carbón , Plásticos/química , Biomasa , Residuos Sólidos/análisis , Contaminantes Atmosféricos/análisis

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Accumulated evidence suggests that brain regions that promote wakefulness also facilitate emergence from general anesthesia (GA). Glutamatergic neurons in the substantia innominata (SI) regulate motivation-related aversive, depressive, and aggressive behaviors relying on heightened arousal. Here, we hypothesize that glutamatergic neurons in the SI are also involved in the regulation of the effects of sevoflurane anesthesia. METHODS: With a combination of fiber photometry, chemogenetic and optogenetic tools, behavioral tests, and cortical electroencephalogram recordings, we investigated whether and how SI glutamatergic neurons and their projections to the lateral hypothalamus (LH) regulate sevoflurane anesthesia in adult male mice. RESULTS: Population activity of glutamatergic neurons in the SI gradually decreased upon sevoflurane-induced loss of consciousness (LOC) and slowly returned as soon as inhalation of sevoflurane discontinued before recovery of consciousness (ROC). Chemogenetic activation of SI glutamatergic neurons dampened the animals' sensitivity to sevoflurane exposure, prolonged induction time (mean ± standard deviation [SD]; 389 ± 67 seconds vs 458 ± 53 seconds; P = .047), and shortened emergence time (305 seconds, 95% confidence interval [CI], 242-369 seconds vs 207 seconds, 95% CI, 135-279 seconds; P = .004), whereas chemogenetic inhibition of these neurons facilitated sevoflurane anesthesia. Furthermore, optogenetic activation of SI glutamatergic neurons and their terminals in LH induced cortical activation and behavioral emergence from different depths of sevoflurane anesthesia. CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that SI glutamatergic neuronal activity facilitates emergence from sevoflurane anesthesia and provides evidence for the involvement of the SI-LH glutamatergic pathway in the regulation of consciousness during GA.

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There has been a growing emphasis on facile preparation of binary heterogeneous composite materials. Leveraging the eco-friendly efficiency of supercritical CO2 technology, we achieved precise control over the influencing factors of mass transfer, enabling the accurate modulation of the resulting product morphology and properties. In the current study, CuxO/ZrOy composite materials were prepared using this technology and calcined to obtain electrode materials for the detection of cysteine (Cys). Essential comprehensive characterization techniques were employed to elucidate the heterojunction. The resulting electrode demonstrated a linear response to Cys within a concentration range of 0.5 nM to 1 µM, featuring a high sensitivity of 1035 µA·cm-2·µM-1 and a low detection limit of 97.3 nM. Thus, establishing a novel avenue for nonenzyme-based electrochemical sensors tailored for biologically active Cys detection through the implementation of a heterogeneous structure.

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Newcastle disease (ND) is a significant infectious disease in poultry, causing substantial economic losses in developing countries. To control ND, chickens must be vaccinated multiple times a year. In order to develop an improved vaccine that provides long-term protection, the F gene from genotype VII NDV was inserted into the herpesvirus of turkey (HVT) vaccine virus using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated NHEJ repair and Cre/LoxP technology. The immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the resulting recombinant vaccines were evaluated through antibody assays and virus challenge experiments. Two recombinant vaccines, rHVT-005/006-F and rHVT-US2-F, were generated, both exhibiting growth rates comparable with those of HVT in vitro and consistently expressing the F protein. One-day-old specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens immunized with 2000 PFU/bird of either rHVT-005/006-F or rHVT-US2-F developed robust humoral immunity and were completely protected against challenge with the NDV F48E8 strain at 4 weeks post-vaccination (wpv). Furthermore, a single dose of these vaccines provided sustained protection for at least 52 wpv. Our study identifies rHVT-005/006-F and rHVT-US2-F as promising ND vaccine candidates, offering long-term protection with a single administration. Moreover, HVT-005/006 demonstrates promise for accommodating additional foreign genes, facilitating the construction of multiplex vaccines.

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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate multiple risk factors of peri-implant bone loss. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A case-control study was conducted on patients who had received dental implants treatment from January 2018 to December 2021. Implants with bone loss were included in the case group, and implants with no bone loss were included in the control group. Risk factors including history of periodontitis, abutment connection type, implant surface, diameter, location, three-dimensional position, opposing dentition, adjacent teeth, prosthetic type, retention type and custom abutment were evaluated. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to evaluate these risk factors, providing corresponding odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: A total of 776 implants in 479 patients were included in the analysis. The number of implants in the case group and the control group were 84 and 692, respectively. Cement-retained prostheses (OR=2.439, 95%CI=1.241-4.795) and nonplatform switch design (OR=2.055, 95%CI=1.167-3.619) were identified as weak risk factors. Horizontal deviation (OR=4.177, 95%CI=2.265-7.703) was a moderate risk factor. Vertical deviation (OR=10.107, 95%CI=5.280-19.347) and implants located in the mandibular molar region (OR=10.427, 95%CI=1.176-92.461) were considered high risk factors. CONCLUSION: Implants in the molar region, cement retained, non-platform switch design, and poor three-dimensional implant positioning are identified as significant risk factors for peri-implant bone loss.

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Biochar has shown promising potential for soil remediation, yet its impact on heavy metals (HMs) immobilization often overlooks soil structure, which could influence soil cracking behavior and HMs transport. To address this gap, this study investigates the role of soil structure (dry density and aggregate size) on the cracking and cadmium (Cd) leaching behavior of biochar-amended fine-grained soils. A series of semi-dynamic leaching tests were conducted on samples with and without wetting-drying (W-D) cycles. Based on the proposed improved method for quantifying the effective diffusion coefficient (De) of Cd in unsaturated soils and microstructural analyses, we found that: (1) Higher dry density and larger aggregate generally resulted in smaller De by decreasing soil pore volume. (2) Biochar could connect isolated pores within large aggregates through its internal pores, yielding greater increases in De (294.8%-469.0%) compared to small aggregates (29.1%-77.4%) with 3% biochar. However, further increases in biochar dosage led to decreased De, primarily due to the dense pore structure. (3) Biochar effectively inhibited soil cracking, achieving the highest reduction of 36.8% in surface crack ratio. (4) After W-D cycles, samples exhibited higher De with increasing dry density, with aggravated cracking being the primary cause, suggesting preferential flow within the cracks, particularly those penetrating the soil. This study highlights the importance of careful consideration of soil structure and cracking potential before in situ field application of biochar as a remediation agent for HMs-contaminated fine-grained soils.

Asunto(s)

Cadmio , Carbón Orgánico , Restauración y Remediación Ambiental , Contaminantes del Suelo , Suelo , Carbón Orgánico/química , Cadmio/química , Cadmio/análisis , Contaminantes del Suelo/química , Contaminantes del Suelo/análisis , Suelo/química , Restauración y Remediación Ambiental/métodos , Metales Pesados/química , Metales Pesados/análisis

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BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Cervical spine range of motion (ROM) is a critical factor in changes in cervical sagittal alignment (CSA) and clinical outcomes after cervical laminoplasty (LMP). However, the impact of postoperative cervical ROM on CSA after cervical LMP is still unclear. PURPOSE: Evaluating the imaging and symptomatic data from patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) to identify the influence of postoperative cervical ROM on post-LMP CSA and surgical outcomes. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. PATIENT SAMPLE: Eighty-six patients undergoing LMP due to multilevel CSM OUTCOME MEASURES: Radiographic parameters were measured before surgery and at follow-up: cervical lordosis (CL), T1 slope (T1S), cervical sagittal vertical axis (cSVA), CL in flexion (Flex CL), CL in extension (Ext CL), total cervical spine range of motion (ROM), cervical spine range of flexion (Flex ROM), and cervical spine range of extension (Ext ROM). Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) and visual analog score (VAS) were used to assessed clinical outcomes. Other parameters included age, gender, body mass index (BMI), follow-up time, number of surgical segments, proximal level, distalis level, and collar wear time. METHODS: We divided patients according to the changes in CSA (loss of cervical lordosis (LCL)>10°, or ≤10°; an increase in cervical sagittal vertical axis (I-cSVA) >10mm, or ≤10mm). A receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was constructed to identify the optimal cut-off value to discriminate the patients with and without postoperative deterioration of CSA. RESULTS: The postoperative total and Flex ROM were significantly lower in the LCL>10° and I-cSVA>10mm groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that low post-Flex ROM was significant risk factor for postoperative deterioration of CSA. ROC showed that the cut-off value for postoperative Flex ROM was 15.60°. Improvements in JOA recovery rate and neck pain were more significant in the flexibility group (post-Flex ROM ≥15.6°) after surgery. Patients in the stiffness group (post-Flex ROM <15.6°) wore a collar longer. CONCLUSIONS: The preservation of cervical flexibility can maintain CSA after cervical LMP. Postoperative cervical stiffness is related to poor surgical outcomes because significant cervical kyphotic change and sagittal imbalance are likely to occur after surgery. Prolonged wearing of cervical collar is correlated with cervical stiffness following cervical LMP.