RESUMEN
CONTEXT: Although the incidence rate of colorectal cancer (CRC) in all Indian cancer registries is very close to the lowest rate in the world, westernization has shown an increasing trend in the recent years. Recurrence is reported in CRC because the slowly proliferating stem cells escape the chemotherapeutic regimen. AIM: To detect the presence of CD133 and CD44 in human CRC specimens and to correlate the level of marker expression with tumor staging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We included 26 colorectal carcinoma patients between 20 and 70 years of age. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis of CD133 and CD44 was done in sections of 5 µm prepared from paraffin-embedded blocks with most representative areas. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: All analyses were performed using Microsoft Excel 2010 and SPSS version 22. RESULTS: CD133 expression was seen exclusively on the cell membrane at the glandular luminal surface with dot-like cytoplasmic staining. In the normal mucosa, CD44 expression was seen in the superficial region of the cell, whereas in most of the carcinomas, the staining was localized in the basolateral region of the cell. Both CD133 and CD44 showed significant correlation with tumor stage. CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, CD133 and CD44 show significant correlation with tumor staging. Cancer stem cell markers have shown similar pattern of expression in the patients of Indian origin. Using combination of markers for staging is preferred as it increases the sensitivity and specificity.
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Antígeno AC133/análisis , Biomarcadores de Tumor/análisis , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Receptores de Hialuranos/análisis , Células Madre Neoplásicas/patología , Antígeno AC133/metabolismo , Adulto , Anciano , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Colon/patología , Neoplasias Colorrectales/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Receptores de Hialuranos/metabolismo , Inmunohistoquímica , Incidencia , India/epidemiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Recto/patología , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Adulto JovenAsunto(s)
N-Acetil Muramoil-L-Alanina Amidasa/genética , Neumonía Neumocócica/mortalidad , Streptococcus pneumoniae/patogenicidad , Estreptolisinas/genética , Anciano , Proteínas Bacterianas/genética , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neumonía Neumocócica/tratamiento farmacológico , Neumonía Neumocócica/microbiología , Serogrupo , Streptococcus pneumoniae/efectos de los fármacos , Streptococcus pneumoniae/genéticaRESUMEN
The Rhesus (Rh) blood group is one of the most complex blood groups known in humans. It has remained of primary importance in obstetrics, being the main cause of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN). Anti-D causes the most severe form of HDN. Other Rh allo antibodies that are capable of causing severe HDN include anti-c, which clinically is the most important Rh antigen after the D antigen. We report a case of hemolytic disease of the newborn due to Rh anti-c in an infant of an Rh positive mother.
RESUMEN
Cryptococcus neoformans is ubiquitous encapsulated yeast found throughout the world. It predominantly causes significant infections in immunocompromised individuals, of which 80-90% occur in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Disseminated cryptococcal infection is uncommon and almost always occurs in HIV-infected patients. Disseminated disease, especially noncutaneous cryptococcal abscess in immunocompetent hosts, is exceedingly rare. We report a case of disseminated cryptococcosis with soft tissue, pulmonary, and cerebral involvement in an otherwise healthy immunocompetent patient initially diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC).
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Sarcoma de Células Dendríticas Foliculares/diagnóstico , Sarcoma de Células Dendríticas Foliculares/patología , Neoplasias Orofaríngeas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Orofaríngeas/patología , Histocitoquímica , Humanos , Masculino , Microscopía , Persona de Mediana Edad , Cuello/diagnóstico por imagen , Radiografía , Tomografía , TonsilectomíaRESUMEN
Mycobacterial Spindle cell Pseudotumor (MSP) is a rare complication of mycobacterial infection, especially the atypical variety. It is characterized by an exuberant spindle cell proliferation. This has been reported in the lymph nodes, skin, spleen, lungs, brain, etc. The incidence is higher in immuno-compromised patients, especially those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. It is rare to encounter this lesion in infants. We report a case of MSP in the axillary lymph node of a 7-month-old infant, following Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) vaccination due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, which was proved by PCR.
Asunto(s)
Vacuna BCG/efectos adversos , Ganglios Linfáticos/patología , Enfermedades Linfáticas/microbiología , Complejo Mycobacterium avium/aislamiento & purificación , Adyuvantes Inmunológicos/efectos adversos , Biopsia con Aguja , ADN Bacteriano/análisis , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Lactante , Ganglios Linfáticos/microbiología , Enfermedades Linfáticas/patología , Masculino , Complejo Mycobacterium avium/genética , Reacción en Cadena de la PolimerasaRESUMEN
Subcutaneous zygomycosis caused by Basidiobolus ranarum is endemic in South India. The present report is of an agricultural labourer who presented with a painless swelling of the left thigh. Culture of the affected tissue yielded B. ranarum. The swelling completely subsided with oral potassium iodide.
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A lacto-phenol cotton blue (LPCB) stain for detecting eggs of Enterobius vermicularis in perianal surface samples was evaluated prospectively. Two hundred children treated in the paediatrics ward and outpatients department of Jipmer Hospital in Pondicherry were studied. From each child two anal surface samples were collected by Scotch cellophane tape method. One cellophane tape containing anal surface samples was pressed against surface of the glass slide containing a drop of LPCB while another cellophane tape was placed on a clean glass slide without adding any LPCB. Both the specimens from each child were examined by microscopy for presence of the eggs of the parasite. The anal samples collected from 50 children were positive for the eggs of E. vermicularis--48 were detected by cellophane tape using LPCB and 36 by cellophane tape method without using any LPCB. Using LPCB stain, naturally transparent and colourless eggs of the parasites were stained deep blue which facilitated their easy detection and accurate identification in routine microscopy. We therefore recommend Scotch cellophane tape using LPCB as a simple, rapid, inexpensive and overall more sensitive method for detecting E. vermicularis eggs in anal surface samples for diagnosis of enterobiasis in children.