RESUMEN
Background: Research on the compatibility of time domain indices, frequency domain measurements of heart rate variability obtained from electrocardiogram (ECG) waveforms, and pulse wave signal (pulse rate variability; PRV) features is ongoing. The promising marker of cardiac autonomic function is heart rate variability. Recent research has looked at various other physiological markers, leading to the emergence of pulse rate variability. The pulse wave signal can be studied for variations to understand better changes in arterial stiffness and compliance, which are key indicators of cardiovascular health. Methods: 35 healthy overweight people were included. The Lead II electrocardiogram (ECG) signal was transmitted through an analog-to-digital converter (PowerLab 8/35 software, AD Instruments Pty. Ltd., New South Wales, Australia). This signal was utilized to compute Heart Rate Variability (HRV) and was sampled at a rate of 1024 Hz. The same AD equipment was also used to capture a pulse signal simultaneously. The right index finger was used as the recording site for the pulse signal using photoplethysmography (PPG) technology. Results: The participants' demographic data show that the mean age was 23.14 + 5.27 years, the mean weight was 73.68 + 7.40 kg, the mean body fat percentage was 32.23 + 5.30, and the mean visceral fat percentage was 4.60 + 2.0. The findings revealed no noticeable difference between the median values of heart rate variability (HRV) and PRV. Additionally, a strong correlation was observed between HRV and PRV. However, poor agreement was observed in the measurement of PRV and HRV. Conclusion: All indices of HRV showed a greater correlation with PRV. However, the level of agreement between HRV and PRV measurement was poor. Hence, HRV cannot be replaced with PRV and vice-versa.
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Corazón , Sobrepeso , Humanos , Adolescente , Adulto Joven , Adulto , Frecuencia Cardíaca/fisiología , Electrocardiografía , FotopletismografíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Several SNPs were identified through GWAS for their association with type 2 diabetes which has implications to pancreatic ß-cell physiology. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to study the role of risk alleles of TCF7L2, KCNJ11, CDKN2A, CDKAL1, IGF2BP2, SLC30A8 and KCNQ1 along with pharmacokinetic variants in response to sulfonylureas. METHOD: We performed a prospective study on 209 newly diagnosed subjects; treatment naive T2D subjects were recruited. Individuals were started with glibenclamide monotherapy and followed-up for 12 weeks. Genotyping was done, using PCR-RFLP and TETRA-ARMS PCR and confirmed by DNA sequencing. RESULTS: In univariate regression analysis, KCNJ11 (rs5219) was only the predictor for glibenclamide treatment failure. CONCLUSION: The present data suggests a possible role of KCNJ11 gene in altered response to glibenclamide.
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Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/genética , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Estudio de Asociación del Genoma Completo , Gliburida/farmacología , Hipoglucemiantes/farmacología , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Canales de Potasio de Rectificación Interna/genética , Adulto , Anciano , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamiento farmacológico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/patología , Femenino , Genotipo , Humanos , Células Secretoras de Insulina/efectos de los fármacos , Células Secretoras de Insulina/metabolismo , Células Secretoras de Insulina/patología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
A 55 year old female presented with fever, skin rash and subconjunctival hemorrhage. She also developed hepatitis. Fever and skin rash lasted for more than three weeks. This patient was diagnosed to have rubella, highlighting the fact that rubella can present with atypical features like prolonged fever and rash, subconjunctival hemorrhage and hepatitis, especially in adults.
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Exantema/etiología , Fiebre/etiología , Hepatitis/etiología , Rubéola (Sarampión Alemán)/diagnóstico , Anticuerpos Antivirales/análisis , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Exantema/diagnóstico , Femenino , Fiebre/diagnóstico , Hepatitis/diagnóstico , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Rubéola (Sarampión Alemán)/complicaciones , Virus de la Rubéola/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Several large scale clinical trials have demonstrated that angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors offer cardiovascular and renal protection independent of their effects on systolic BP. Trandolapril is a new angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor approved for the treatment of hypertension. The potential advantages of this drug are long duration of action and better tolerability. The objective of the study was to compare the efficacy and tolerability of trandolapril with that of enalapril in mild to moderate hypertension in Indian population. In this double blind, multicentric, parallel comparative clinical study, 120 patients with mild to moderate hypertension were randomly assigned to receive trandolapril 2 mg or enalapril 5 mg once daily for 8 weeks. The attainment of sitting diastolic blood pressure <90 mmHg at the end of 8th week was considered as primary outcome measure and attainment of diastolic blood pressure <90 mmHg or reduction of at least 10 mmHg diastolic blood pressure compared to baseline at any visit was considered as secondary outcome measures. 98.4% patients treated with trandolapril and 92.6% patients treated with enalapril fulfilled the primary outcome measure. 54, 72 and 62% patients on trandolapril and 52, 61 & 64% patients on enalapril fulfilled secondary outcome measure at the end of 2nd, 4th and 8th week respectively. Also trandolapril was better tolerated than enalapril with no significant abnormality in lab parameters.
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Inhibidores de la Enzima Convertidora de Angiotensina/uso terapéutico , Antihipertensivos/uso terapéutico , Enalapril/uso terapéutico , Hipertensión/tratamiento farmacológico , Indoles/uso terapéutico , Inhibidores de la Enzima Convertidora de Angiotensina/efectos adversos , Antihipertensivos/efectos adversos , Presión Sanguínea/efectos de los fármacos , Método Doble Ciego , Enalapril/efectos adversos , Frecuencia Cardíaca/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , India , Indoles/efectos adversosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE AND STUDY DESIGN: A nonrandomized open labeled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of Dianex (a poly herbal formulation developed by Apex Laboratories [PVT] Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India) in type 2 diabetes mellitus was carried out during a 6-month period. SETTING/LOCATION: This study was conducted in TMA Pai Hospital, Udupi, South India. SUBJECTS: A total of 40 patients were recruited for this study. Three patients dropped out of the study leaving a total of 37 patients (11 for monotherapy and 26 for add on therapy). OUTCOME MEASURES: Eighteen (18) clinical variables were investigated, including liver enzymes, kidney function tests, hematologic parameters, blood glucose, and insulin and lipid profiles. RESULTS: at the end of 12 weeks it was found that there was a significant decrease in the level of glycated hemoglobin, fasting plasma insulin level, insulin resistance, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. At the end of 24 weeks results were similar to those at 12 weeks. Dianex did not alter the liver function tests, hematological parameters, or kidney function tests. CONCLUSION: In this preliminary study, Dainex is found to be an effective adjuvant drug with either oral antidiabetic agents or insulin that can be used in the control of blood sugars in diabetic patients. Dianex is a safe drug that does not cause any clinical, hematological or biochemical alteration in major organ systems.
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Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamiento farmacológico , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Glucemia/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangre , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Hemoglobinas Anormales/metabolismo , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Seguridad , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Tropical pyomyositis is a primary pyogenic infection of skeletal muscle, often caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The most common presentation of tropical pyomyositis is that of multiple acute abscesses with fever. Hepatitis is a rare manifestation of this disease. We report a case of tropical pyomyositis who presented with hepatic encephalopathy leading to initial diagnostic dilemma.
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Absceso/diagnóstico , Polimiositis/diagnóstico , Absceso/complicaciones , Absceso/terapia , Antibacterianos , Brazo , Biopsia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Drenaje , Quimioterapia Combinada/uso terapéutico , Estudios de Seguimiento , Encefalopatía Hepática/complicaciones , Encefalopatía Hepática/diagnóstico , Humanos , Pierna , Hígado/diagnóstico por imagen , Hígado/patología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Músculo Esquelético/diagnóstico por imagen , Músculo Esquelético/patología , Polimiositis/complicaciones , Polimiositis/terapia , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/complicaciones , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/diagnóstico , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/terapia , Supuración , UltrasonografíaRESUMEN
Building related illnesses are a common problem in developed countries and are expected to increase rapidly in urban India. Although objective physical abnormalities are not generally found except in a few specific diseases like Legionnaires' disease, the symptoms can be uncomfortable and even disabling. In this review we initially introduce the concept of indoor air pollution and building related illnesses. Subsequently we review the sources of and exposure to the pollutants along with their health effects and the approach to a patient of suspected building related illness. We conclude by discussing the measures for the control of indoor air pollution.