RESUMEN
Background: Maxillary sinus pathologic conditions increase the risk of complications during sinus augmentation surgeries in the posterior maxilla. The present study aimed to determine the frequencies of maxillary sinus pathologic findings on patients' cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images to receive dental implants. Methods: In this descriptive/cross-sectional study, 140 CBCT images of patients who were candidates to receive dental implants were evaluated for the presence of maxillary sinus pathologic entities during 6 months, were divided into five categories: mucosal thickening of >5 mm, retention cyst, partial or complete opacification of the sinus, polypoidal mucosal thickening, and healthy patients. Age, gender, and dental status were evaluated in terms of relationship with the sinus pathologic findings. Absolute and relative frequencies were used to describe data. The chi-squared test was used to analyze the variables. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05. Results: The frequency of maxillary sinus pathologic entities on CBCT images was 63.5%. The pathologic conditions in descending frequency were as follows: mucosal thickening (31.4%), retention cyst (17.1%), partial or complete opacification of the sinus (9.3%), and polypoidal mucosal thickening (5.7%). The frequency of pathologic findings in the maxillary sinus was higher in the <46-year age group and subjects with partial edentulism; however, the differences were not significant. Conclusion: In the present study, the most frequent maxillary sinus pathologic entity was mucosal thickening. There was no relationship between age, sex, and dentition status and maxillary sinus pathologic findings.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The presence of dentoalveolar lesions such as fenestration and dehiscence has great clinical importance. This study was designed to determine the incidence of bony fenestrations and dehiscences associated with the anterior teeth by using cone-beam computed tomography images. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 216 images (1189 teeth) were included in this cross-sectional study. The presence of fenestration and dehiscence at the buccal and lingual/palatal surfaces and also their relative levels on the roots of the teeth were determined. McNemar's, Chi-square, and Cochran's Q tests were used for data analysis. A value of P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS: The incidence of fenestration and dehiscence was 17.6% and 3.9%, respectively with the maxillary fenestrations being more prevalent (P < 0.0001). No significant differences were observed in the incidence of dehiscences between the jaws (P = 0.824) and among the tooth types (P = 0.689). The lesions were more frequent at the buccal surfaces (80%-92.5%). About 85.9% of the fenestrations occurred in the apical root thirds, whereas dehiscences had the highest prevalence in the cervical thirds. Fenestration and dehiscence incidences were significantly higher in females (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference among the age groups regarding these lesions. CONCLUSION: Fenestration and dehiscence were observed more on the buccal surfaces and also in the apical and cervical root thirds, respectively. Age had no significant influence on the occurrence of these lesions in contrast to the sex.