RESUMEN
Background: This is a preliminary investigation to assess the efficacy of Myristica fragrans (M. fragrans) as pulpectomy obturation material. Objective: To assess the clinical and radiographic efficacy of M. fragrans as pulpectomy obturating material and compare it with zinc oxide eugenol, the gold standard in the obturation of primary teeth. Materials and methods: This is a triple-blind, randomized, and controlled clinical trial performed on children aged between 4-8 years with primary molars requiring pulpotomy. A total of 50 teeth were randomly assigned into two groups-group I received M. fragrans with zinc oxide eugenol, and group II zinc oxide eugenol. Teeth were then filled with glass ionomer cement and were restored using stainless steel crowns. Clinical and radiographic evaluation was done by a blinded calibrated evaluator at 3, 6, and 12-month follow-up periods. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Clinical and radiographic success in both groups was 100% throughout the follow-up period. Extruded material in the M. fragrans group showed resorption during the follow-up period. Conclusion: Myristica fragrans (M. fragrans) can be suggested as a pulpectomy obturating material for primary teeth. However, further clinical studies with long-term follow-ups are needed to give more affirmative results. How to cite this article: Setty JV, Srinivasan I, Sathiesh RT. Comparative Evaluation of Myristica fragrans Essential Oil-Zinc Oxide Mixture with Zinc Oxide Eugenol in Root Canal filling of Primary Teeth: An In Vivo Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(2):237-243.
RESUMEN
Aim: Assessing the efficacy of cocoa bean husk extract (CBHE) particles with different vehicles as a mouthrinse in children aged 7-12 years in comparison to chlorhexidine (CHX) and sodium fluoride (NaF) mouthrinse. Materials and methods: A total of 80 children aged 7-12 years residing at a residential school/orphanage in Bengaluru city were selected and randomly allocated into five groups-group I: 0.1% CBHE with distilled water (DW); group II: 0.1% CBHE with Ringer's lactate (RL); group III: 0.12% CHX; group IV: 0.1% CBHE with normal saline (NS); and group V: 0.05% NaF. A Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) was recorded, salivary pH was assessed, and unstimulated saliva samples were collected at baseline (BL) after 30 minutes of rinsing on day 7 and day 14. These saliva samples were subjected to microbiological analysis, and all the data from five groups at four different time intervals was tabulated and statistically evaluated. Results: Nearly 0.1% CBHE with NS as vehicle showed maximum antibacterial properties among all the groups at all time intervals. The addition of RL to CBHE provided better anti-plaque efficacy than 0.1% CBHE with DW and 0.12% CHX mouthwash. All three combinations of 0.1% CBHE and 0.12% CHX mouthwash proved to be better anti-plaque agents than 0.05% NaF. Improving the preparation of CBHE mouthwash by using NS, RL, and with the addition of saccharin sodium also improved the patient's compliance. Conclusion: Thus, preparing chocolate/CBHE mouthwash with NS or RL instead of plain DW increased the salivary pH, anti-plaque efficacy, and antibacterial property by reducing Streptococcus mutans growth. Clinical significance: Cocoa bean husk extract (CBHE) mouthwash is a better anticariogenic and nonalcoholic mouthwash compared to CHX and NaF, which can be safely used in children as a routine oral rinse and also for those with gingivitis and high-risk of caries. How to cite this article: Kibriya S, Srinivasan I, Setty JV, et al. Characterization of Cocoa Bean Husk Extract Particles and its Comparison as a Mouthrinse with Different Vehicles in Children aged 7-12 Years. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(1):54-59.
RESUMEN
Aim: The aim of our study was to evaluate and compare pain perception following photobiomodulation (PBM), topical anesthesia, precooling of the injection site, and vibration during administration of local anesthesia injection in pediatric patients aged 6-13 years. Materials and methods: In this split-mouth study, a total of 120 patients between the age group of 6 and 13 years were selected and randomly divided into three equal groups with 40 subjects in each. Pain was assessed using visual analog scale (VAS) and the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale after the administration of local anesthesia. Behavior during the procedure was assessed using the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) scale filled by the operator. Pulse rate was recorded before and during the administration of local anesthesia using pulse oximeter. After the procedure, patient compliance was also recorded using validated questionnaire. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: The study showed PBM exhibited the lowest mean scores of anxiety/pain using VAS, Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale, FLACC scale and pulse rate as compared to precooling, vibration, and topical anesthesia. The differences in pain scores recorded were found to be statistically significant. Children were not anxious about the PBM method and exhibited good compliance (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Photobiomodulation (PBM) was found to be effective means of reducing injection pain, demonstrating much better efficacy than other tested methods. Clinical significance: Photobiomodulation (PBM) can be used effectively to better manage procedures that patients frequently find painful without the need for prescription drugs, which frequently have several side effects. How to cite this article: Khan BS, Setty JV, Srinivasan I, et al. Low-level Laser Therapy to Alleviate Pain of Local Anesthesia Injection in Children: A Randomized Control Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(S-3):S283-S287.
RESUMEN
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Proximal contacts and their interdigitation through occlusal contact with opposing teeth play a major role in children, for the eruption of permanent teeth into normal position. Determining the ideal matrix band system for proximal restorations helps in the construction of contacts and contours. This study is designed to determine the most suitable matrix band system for proximal restorations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 96 proximal cavities were selected among patients aged 5-9 years and were equally divided into three groups. Group I: T-band, group II: ProMatrix, and group III: FenderMate. Pre- and postoperative radiographs were taken to evaluate carious lesions and restorations. Class II cavity was prepared and glass ionomer restorations were done using matrix systems. The efficacy of matrix bands was evaluated through the operator's questionnaire and postoperative radiographs. RESULTS: No statistical significance was found between the three matrix bands but FenderMate showed few clinical drawbacks that were statistically significant (p < 0.005). INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION: Matrix systems used in this study showed good results in restoring proximal contacts and contours. FenderMate showed few drawbacks when compared with the other two matrix systems. None of the matrix systems used in the present study were able to create 100% accurate proximal contacts and contours. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Dindukurthi MK, Setty JV, Srinivasan I, et al. Restoration of Proximal Contacts in Decayed Primary Molars Using Three Different Matrix Systems in Children Aged 5-9 Years: An In Vivo Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(1):70-74.
RESUMEN
AIM: This is a case report of a 16-year-old girl visiting MR Ambedkar Dental College and Hospital (Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry) for dental treatment. BACKGROUND: Osteopetrosis acroosteolytica or Toulouse-Lautrec syndrome or pyknodysostosis is a rare autosomal recessive bone dysplasia, characterized by osteosclerosis, and short stature. Montanari described a patient with an unusual variation of achondroplasia, which in retrospect was the first case of pyknodysostosis to be reported.1. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 16-year-old girl reported to the Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry with a chief complaint of pain in the lower left back region of the jaw since past 2 weeks. CONCLUSION: Pyknodysostosis is a rare condition that is diagnosed basically on its clinical and radiographic features. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: It is important to recognize these features so that correct diagnosis can be made. This allows the treatment and prevention of future complications and ensures a better quality of life to the patient. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Jawa A, Setty JV, Vijayshankar LV, et al. Pyknodysostosis: Report of a Rare Case and its Dental Management. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020;13(2):192-195.
RESUMEN
AIM: The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between malocclusion and palatal rugae patterns and its reliability in gender determination of adolescents aged 13-18 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 90 children with 30 in each of skeletal class I, II and III groups respectively were included in the study. The lateral cephalograms of the study samples were analyzed cephalometrically using ANB angle, WITS appraisal and beta angle and categorized as skeletal class I, class II or class III sagittal skeletal jaw relation. Sassouni's Archial analysis was used to reconfirm skeletal jaw relation and also to assess treatment needs. Palatal rugae of each sample were recorded to study the patterns. Thomas and Kotze classification was followed for rugae pattern analysis. RESULTS: No definite rugae print pattern could be associated with any particular sagittal skeletal jaw relation in the present study. Female population of class II skeletal malocclusion showed a significant difference for number of rugae on the right and left sides of mid palatine raphe. Discriminant function analysis showed no significance when the number of rugae were compared among males and females for gender determination. CONCLUSION: As rugoscopy was neither found to provide absolute conclusive evidence in identification of any particular jaw relationship nor gender determination, combination with more reliable forensic methods would help in better personal identification. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Palatal rugae and craniofacial skeleton develop at the same embryonic period. Developmental factors that cause malocclusions should also reflect in the palatal rugae patterns. There exists a deficiency in studies in samples of younger age group and hence the need of the study. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Lalitya D, Srinivasan I, et al. Rugoscopy as a Gender Determination Tool and its Appositeness in Malocclusion among Adolescents Aged 13-18 Years. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2019;12(4):307-311.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Dental anxiety in children is a major barrier in patient management. If dental anxiety in pediatric patients is assessed during the first visit, it will not only aid in management but also help to identify patients who are in need of special care to deal with their fear. Nowadays, children and adults are highly interested in multimedia and are closely associated with them. Children usually prefer motion pictures on electronic devices than still cartoons on paper. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate a newly designed scale, the animated emoji scale (AES), which uses motion emoticons/animojis to assess dental anxiety in children during their first dental visit, and compare it with the Venham picture test (VPT) and facial image scale (FIS). METHODS: The study included 102 healthy children aged 4-14 years, whose dental anxiety was measured using AES, VPT, and FIS during their first dental visit, and their scale preference was recorded. RESULTS: The mean anxiety scores measured using AES, FIS, and VPT, represented as mean ± SD, were 1.78 ± 1.19, 1.93 ± 1.23, and 1.51 ± 1.84, respectively. There was significant difference in the mean anxiety scores between the three scales (Friedman test, P < 0.001). The Pearson's correlation test showed a very strong correlation (0.73) between AES and VPT, and a strong correlation between AES and FIS (0.88), and FIS and VPT (0.69), indicating good validity of AES. Maximum number of children (74.5%) preferred AES. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study suggest that the AES is a novel and child-friendly tool for assessing dental anxiety in children.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: An inability to cope with threatening dental stimuli, i.e., sight, sound, and sensation of airotor, manifests as anxiety and behavioral management problems. Behavior modification techniques involving pre-exposure to dental equipment will give children a first-hand experience of their use, sounds, and clinical effects. The aim of this study was to compare the techniques of Tell-Show-Play-doh, a smartphone dentist game, and a conventional Tell-Show-Do method in the behavior modification of anxious children in the dental operatory. METHODS: Sixty children in the age group of 4-8 years, with Frankl's behavior rating score of 2 or 3, requiring Class I and II cavity restorations were divided into three groups. The groups were Group 1: Tell-Show-Play-doh; Group 2: smartphone dentist game; and Group 3: Tell-Show-Do technique and each group comprised of 20 children. Pulse rate, Facial Image Scale (FIS), Frankl's behavior rating scale, and FLACC (Face, Leg, Activity, Cry, Consolability) behavior scales were used to quantify anxious behavior. Operator compliance was recorded through a validated questionnaire. RESULTS: The results showed lower mean pulse rates, lower FIS and FLACC scores, higher percentage of children with Frankl's behavior rating score of 4, and better operator compliance in both the Tell-Show-Play-doh and smartphone dentist game groups than in the conventional Tell-Show-Do group. CONCLUSION: The Tell-Show-Play-doh and smartphone dentist game techniques are effective tools to reduce dental anxiety in pediatric patients.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The sight of dental injection can bring about severe anxiety in children. Therefore, an alternative method that is convenient, effective, and keeps the needle hidden making it child friendly is necessary. The objective of the study was to compare the efficacy of a camouflaged syringe and conventional syringe on behavior and anxiety in 6-11-year-old children during local anesthesia administration. METHODS: The study was a randomized, crossover clinical study including 30 children. Children were separated into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 15 children aged 6-8 years while group 2 consisted of 15 children aged 9-11 years. This study involved two sessions wherein all the children were injected using conventional and camouflaged syringes in separate sessions. Their behavior was assessed using the Faces, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) behavior pain scale and anxiety was assessed by measuring changes in pulse rate. Patient and operator preferences were compared. RESULTS: The results showed a lower mean change in pulse rate and FLACC scores in the camouflaged group, suggesting a positive behavior and lesser anxiety with camouflaged syringes than with conventional syringes. CONCLUSIONS: The use of camouflaged syringes for anesthesia was demonstrated to be effective in improving the behavior of children and decreasing their anxiety, and is therefore recommended as an alternative to the use of conventional syringes for local anesthesia.
RESUMEN
Foreign objects in a tooth are often diagnosed accidentally. A detailed case history, clinical and radiographic examinations are necessary to know the exact nature, size, location of the foreign body and the difficulty involved in its retrieval. In the present case, two beads, one radiopaque and one radiolucent were found in the same tooth at different places of 11-year-old girl. Patient did not reveal proper history out of fear. Both the foreign objects were discovered during routine endodontic procedure which were removed following simple clinical procedure causing minimal damage to the internal tooth structure.