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Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo para evaluar la relación entre índice acromial y lesión del manguito rotador, en pacientes operados por síndrome de pinzamiento subacromial, con ó sin lesión del manguito rotador. El índice acromial y el tipo de acromion (Bigliani) fue determinado en sesenta y seis pacientes (Grupo I) con lesión del manguito rotador y en dieciséis (Grupo II) sin lesión de manguito rotador. En el Grupo I, 54/66 (81,82%) pacientes tenían acromion tipo III; con índice acromial de 0,715 ± 0,012. En el Grupo II, 8/16 (50%) de ellos presentaban acromion tipo II; con Índice Acromial de 0,699 ± 0,011. El índice acromial fue mayor en los pacientes con lesión de manguito rotador (t = 29,44; p < 0,05). Se observó relación entre la morfología acromial y la lesión del manguito rotador (X2 = 39,16; df = 2; p < 0,05)(AU)

The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to evaluate the relationship between acromial Index and rotator cuff injury in patients operated for subacromial impingement syndrome with or without rotator cuff injury. Acromial Index and acromial type (Bigliani) were measured in sixty-six patients (Group I) with rotator cuff injury and in sixteen patients (Group II) without rotator cuff injury. In group I, 54/66 (81.82%) patients had a type III acromion, his acromial index was 0.715 ± 0.012. In group II, 8/16 (50%) of them had a type II acromion, his acromial index was 0.699 ± 0.011. Index acromial and acromial morphology were analyzed in relation to the rotator cuff injury. The patients with rotator cuff injury had an acromial index higher (t = 29,44 ; p < 0.05). We found relationship between acromial morphology and rotator cuff injury (X2 = 39.16 ; df = 2 ; p < 0,05)(AU)

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The number of people using online social networks in their everyday life is continuously growing at a pace never saw before. This new kind of communication has an enormous impact on opinions, cultural trends, information spreading and even in the commercial success of new products. More importantly, social online networks have revealed as a fundamental organizing mechanism in recent country-wide social movements. In this paper, we provide a quantitative analysis of the structural and dynamical patterns emerging from the activity of an online social network around the ongoing May 15th (15M) movement in Spain. Our network is made up by users that exchanged tweets in a time period of one month, which includes the birth and stabilization of the 15M movement. We characterize in depth the growth of such dynamical network and find that it is scale-free with communities at the mesoscale. We also find that its dynamics exhibits typical features of critical systems such as robustness and power-law distributions for several quantities. Remarkably, we report that the patterns characterizing the spreading dynamics are asymmetric, giving rise to a clear distinction between information sources and sinks. Our study represents a first step towards the use of data from online social media to comprehend modern societal dynamics.

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El propósito del estudio es comparar prospectivamente la eficacia de la infiltración con sangre autóloga y la corticoesteroides en el tratamiento de la hiperplasia angiofibroblástia. Treinta pacientes recibieron infiltración con sangre autóloga y veintiséis con corticoesteroides. Se evaloraron previo y a las ocho semanas del tratamiento mediante Escala de fase de dolor modificada de Nirschl y Pettrone y escala visual análoga. Con la infiltración con sangre se obtuvo un 0,87 de efectividad contra un 0,62 de los corticoesteroides (p= 0,0303). La infiltración de sangre parece ser más eficaz en el tratamiento de la hiperplasia angiofibroblástica.

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The neurodevelopmental hypothesis of schizophrenia suggests that adverse genetic loading in conjunction with environmental factors early in fetal life causes a disruption of neural development, decades before the symptomatic manifestation of the disease. Neurocognitive deficits have been observed early on the course of schizophrenia, and their association with an early developmental brain lesion has been postulated. Dermatoglyphics have been analyzed in schizophrenia as markers of prenatal brain injury because of their early fetal ontogenesis and susceptibility to the same environmental factors that can also affect cerebral development. The aim of our study was to conduct a comparative examination of neurocognitive functions and dermatoglyphic variables in 89 sibling pairs discordant for schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Therefore, we investigated the association between these two markers to explore the prenatal origin of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. The affected siblings were significantly impaired on all the cognitive variables assessed (Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Trail Making Test and Continuous Performance Test) and had a greater number of dermatoglyphic anomalies. These results suggest the influence of intrauterine environmental factors in the siblings affected with schizophrenia. However, we did not detect a significant association between these two vulnerability markers in the schizophrenic patients, suggesting the role of genetic or late environmental factors in the origin of the neurocognitive deficits found in these patients.

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OBJECTIVE: Using a sample of sibling pairs discordant for psychosis, the authors attempted to replicate the findings of previous studies suggesting that the functional genetic polymorphism Val158Met in the catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene influences prefrontal cognitive function and increases the risk for schizophrenia. METHOD: Eighty-nine sibling pairs discordant for psychosis were genotyped for this polymorphism and were assessed with the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, a measure of prefrontal function. Additionally, the preferential transmission of alleles for this polymorphism was analyzed in a sample of 89 nuclear families in order to examine the genetic association. RESULTS: In the healthy siblings, a linear relationship was seen in which performance on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test was associated in an allele dosage fashion with COMT genotype (i.e., fewer perseverative errors with higher number of methionine alleles). However, this association was not observed in patients. Furthermore, no evidence of genetic association with psychosis was detected. CONCLUSIONS: These results seem to confirm the role of COMT genotype in the modulation of executive functions related to frontal lobe function in healthy individuals but not in schizophrenia patients.

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Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), as well as other cytokines, has been classically implicated in the pathophysiology of major psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and major depression, and recent studies have implicated the IL-1beta gene and schizophrenia. Nevertheless, new approaches to this complex phenotype are necessary to clarify the risk conferred by this gene, either to the disorder or to its clinical manifestations. The aim of the present study was to explore the effect of a genetic polymorphism of the promoter region of the IL-1beta gene, in schizophrenia defined with: (i) a categorical diagnosis and (ii) a multidimensional symptom approach. We studied 356 individuals from 89 nuclear families consisting of one affected individual and the unaffected father, mother, and sib, in a family-based association study design. We find a trend for biased transmission of allele 2 from heterozygous parents to affected offspring, categorically defined (P = 0.07). This tendency was not observed in the healthy offspring. Using a multidimensional symptom approach to the diagnosis, the association was confirmed in psychotic patients showing the depressive symptom-dimension (P = 0.02).

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Se estudia ampliamente el síndrome de regresión caudal, exponiendo las clasificaciones, pronóstico y principios de tratamiento multidisciplinario

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It is well established that psychotic patients obtain higher scores on neurological soft-sign (NSS) examinations than normal controls, and also that their cognitive performance is poorer. The aims of the present study were to find threshold criteria that distinguish between normal individuals and patients suffering from psychosis, and to investigate the predictive power of NSS for cognitive impairment. The sample was composed of 56 patients suffering from psychosis and 26 normal controls. Neurological assessment was carried out by means of the Neurological Evaluation Scale (NES), and neuropsychological assessment comprised executive, memory, visuospatial abilities, and attention tests. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to assess the diagnostic and predictive efficiency of NSS.A total score of 3 or over on the NES scale, or presence of three or more NSS, proved to be good threshold points for defining 'abnormality' in psychosis patients in comparison with normal controls. NSS presented greater predictive power for cognitive impairment than psychopathological dimensions. Moreover, an NES total score of 8 or higher or, to a lesser extent, the presence of six or more NSS in this scale seemed to be valid cut-off points for predicting severe cognitive impairment in individuals with psychosis.NSS were highly efficient predictors of the presence of severe cognitive impairment related to psychosis. However, their ability to discriminate between individuals with psychosis and normal controls was modest.

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Se estudiaron 362 niños de una escuela primaria de una zona marginada del estado de puebla, encontrando parasitosis intestinales en el 47.79%; se les administró albendazol a dosis de 400 mg dosis única (Ascaris I. y Enterobius v) y en caso de parasiosis por Trichuris t. se les administró 400 mg al día por tres días. Los resultados fueron altamente significativos con la prueba estadística de McNemar y no se reportaron efectos colaterales

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