RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Obesity today is a major health problem worldwide and the leading health problem in Western countries because it is associated with multiple comorbidities that increase the mortality of these patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A review of the literature was done in PubMed (Medline) and Cochrane Library of randomized controlled trials comparing gastric bypass with sleeve gastrectomy in the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Eighteen papers were found, of which eleven met the initial inclusion criteria. DISCUSSION: The variables analyzed to determine the superiority of one technique over the other were: the percentage ofexcess BMI lost (% EIMCP), the percentage of excess weight loss (% EPP), BMI at the end of the study, lost Kg and the percentage of weight lost. Regarding the control of T2DM fasting glycemia, the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc), whether or not oral agents or insulin were considered. CONCLUSION: No highlighting differences in results that can be obtained with RYGB and MG to control obesity and T2DM. Either method achieves excellent results, even surpassing those obtained with dietary, pharmacological and behavioral treatment.