RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Exercise interventions for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) have been extensively studied. However, there is no bibliometric study on exercise interventions for MCI. This study aimed to identify the collaborative networks, research hotspots, evolution trends, and future directions. METHODS: Relevant documents were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database. VOSviewer was used to analyze the co-authorship of the author, countries and institutions, and the keywords co-occurrence. CiteSpace was used to detect burst keywords' research trends. RESULTS: A total of 569 articles were included and showed an overall increasing trend in annual publications. The most influential subject categories, authors, journals, country, and institutions were "geriatrics gerontology," "Doi, Takehiko and Shimada, Hiroyuki," "Journal of Alzheimer's Disease," USA, and "Veterans Health Administration," respectively. The research hotspots are "effectiveness," "neural mechanism" and "correlation" of exercise interventions, and the emerging trend is "intervention quality." CONCLUSION: This area is in a rapid development phase, whereby research hotpots are focused and the research trend is clear. The highly productive authors and institutions have made outstanding contributions and the subject categories present an interdisciplinary trend. However, there is weak cooperation between countries and institutions, and a substantial research gap exists between developed and developing countries. Future research may highlight the intervention quality, emphasizing the combination with virtual reality technology.
Asunto(s)
Bibliometría , Disfunción Cognitiva , Terapia por Ejercicio , Humanos , Disfunción Cognitiva/terapia , Terapia por Ejercicio/métodos , Salud Global , Ejercicio FísicoRESUMEN
The purpose of the present study was to examine errors for an isometric goal-directed aiming task during familiarization at different hand orientation. Interaction between neutral and pronated hand orientations with and without directional feedback would provide insights into short-term adaptations and the nature of control. In this study, 30 healthy right-handed adults (age, 22.7 ± 3.1 years; weight, 69.4 ± 16.6 kg; height, 166.7 ± 7.9 cm) were randomly assigned to neutral or pronated hand orientation conditions. To assess familiarization, participants performed ten sets (16 targets/set) of goal-directed aiming task with continuous visual feedback towards targets symmetrically distributed about the origin. Following familiarization, participants then completed eight sets; four sets with and four sets without directional feedback, in an alternated order. For both hand orientations, directional errors were reduced in the first two sets (p < 0.05), suggesting only three sets were required for familiarization. Additionally, the learning rate was also similar for both hand orientations. Following familiarization, aiming errors without feedback were significantly higher than with feedback while no change between sets was observed, regardless of hand orientation. Aiming errors were reduced in the early phase with and without visual feedback, however, in the late phase, errors were corrected when visual feedback was provided. It suggests that hand orientation does not affect familiarization, and mechanisms similar to rapid learning may be involved. It is probable that learning is consolidated during familiarization along with feedforward input to maintain performance. In addition, proprioceptive feedback plays a role in reducing errors early, while the online visual feedback plays a role in reducing errors later, independent of hand orientation.
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Desempeño Psicomotor , Percepción Visual , Adulto , Retroalimentación Sensorial , Objetivos , Mano , Humanos , Movimiento , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Purpose: Peripheral and central factors play important roles in the reduction of motor performance following damaging eccentric exercise and delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). Following this regime, contralateral limbs could also be affected; however, the factors involved remain inconclusive. The purpose of this study was to distinguish the peripheral and central factors following eccentric contraction and DOMS of the plantar flexors in treated and contralateral homologous limbs. Methods: Ten males (BMI = 25.08 ± 1.69kgm-2; age = 28.70 ± 4.24 years) were randomly assigned to experimental (DOM) or control (CON) groups. The DOM group performed a damaging eccentric exercise, while the CON group rested. Plasma creatine kinase (CK), pain rating scale (PRS), muscle stiffness, maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), and neural voluntary activation (VA) were measured before, after 10 min, and after 24, 48, and 72 hr on treated and contralateral limbs. Results: Following exercise, CK increased until after 48 hr, while PRS increased until after 72 hr compared to the CON group. Importantly, MVC was reduced at all time points, with the greatest reduction observed after 24 hr (-16%), while VA was affected until after 48 hr, with the greatest reduction at after 10 min (-7%). Interestingly, a "cross-over effect" was observed in contralateral limbs when PRS, MVC, and VA were negatively affected following the same pattern (time line) as treated limbs (-13% peak MVC reduction; -3.5% peak VA reduction). Conclusion: These findings suggest a substantial central contribution to the reduction in force immediately following eccentric exercise and to a lesser extent during the latter part of DOMS in both treated and contralateral limbs.
Asunto(s)
Ejercicio Físico , Contracción Muscular , Mialgia , Adulto , Creatina Quinasa , Ejercicio Físico/fisiología , Humanos , Masculino , Contracción Muscular/fisiología , Músculo Esquelético/fisiología , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Familiarization is necessary for an accurate strength assessment as it reduces confounding factors such as learning and training effects. However, the number of contractions required for familiarization and whether cross-limb transfer during familiarization could affect bilateral assessment are unknown. This study aimed at identifying the number of maximum contractions required for isokinetic knee extension and flexion familiarization in both dominant (D) and non-dominant limb (ND). METHODS: Twenty-eight right-limb dominant males (age: 22.64 ± 2.60 years, BMI: 23.82 ± 2.85 kg/m2) performed a total of 6 sets (each consisted of 5 continuous maximum contractions) at 60o/s for each limb. RESULTS: The number of sets required for familiarization is determined when the average peak torque achieved stabilization from the series of contractions of each limb. For knee extension, 3 sets (15 contractions) were required for familiarization, whereas 2 sets (10 contractions) for knee flexion in both limbs. Interestingly, for knee extension in ND, the number of sets required for familiarization was reduced to 2 following contralateral contractions in D, however, for knee extension in D, there was no difference in the number of sets required for familiarization following contralateral contractions in ND. While for knee flexion, no cross-limb transfer was observed. These observations suggest the presence of cross-limb transfer from D to ND during familiarization which implies the involvement of the central nervous system. CONCLUSIONS: Practically, familiarization for bilateral isokinetic strength assessment for knee extension and flexion at 60o/s should begin with the dominant limb for 3 sets to obtain accurate and reliable measurements.