RESUMEN
This paper presents the irradiation and processing of high-current 100Mo targets at the University of Alberta (UofA) in a GMP compliant setting. For purpose of comparison with a second production facility, additional studies at Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke (CHUS) are also described. INTRODUCTION: More than 70% of today's diagnostic radiopharmaceuticals are based on 99mTc, however the conventional supply chain for obtaining 99mTc is fragile. The aim of this work was to demonstrate reliable high yield production and processing of 99mTc with medium-energy, high-current, cyclotrons. METHODS: We used two cyclotrons (TR-24, Advanced Cyclotron Systems, Inc) for irradiations with 22â¯MeV or 24â¯MeV incident energy and 400⯵A current up to a maximum of 6â¯h. The irradiated 100Mo was dissolved using peroxide, basified using ammonium carbonate, and purified using a PEG-based solid phase extraction technique. RESULTS: High-yield productions with 22â¯MeV (400⯵A, 6â¯h) yielded an average isolated [99mTc]TcO4- yield of 878â¯GBq⯱â¯99â¯GBq (23.7â¯Ci⯱â¯2.7â¯Ci) decay corrected to EOB, nâ¯=â¯8 (isolated saturation yield: 4.36⯱â¯0.49â¯GBq/µA). Irradiations with 24â¯MeV (400⯵A, 6â¯h) resulted in an average isolated [99mTc]TcO4- yield of 993â¯GBq⯱â¯100â¯GBq (26.8â¯Ci⯱â¯2.7â¯Ci) decay corrected to EOB, nâ¯=â¯7 (isolated saturation yield: 4.97⯱â¯0.50â¯GBq/µA). These yields corresponds to 600-700â¯GBq (16-19â¯Ci) of [99mTc]TcO4- at release (i.e. 3â¯hour post-EOB). For all tested batches, the QC results were within the recently published specifications in the European Pharmacopoeia. CONCLUSION: Reliable near-TBq production yields for 99mTc can be obtained using medium-energy cyclotrons. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PATIENT CARE: This work presents evidence that medium-energy high-current cyclotrons can provide high yields of [99mTc]TcO4- with radionuclidic impurities levels within the specifications of the existing European Pharmacopoeia monograph, indicating that this technology can have a share in the future 99mTc supply market.
Asunto(s)
Ciclotrones , Radioquímica/instrumentación , Pertecnetato de Sodio Tc 99m/química , Endotoxinas/análisisRESUMEN
Experimental conditions shown that formaldehyde decreased course of diabetes. Adding to meal the powder of plant's rhizome Curcuma longa contributes to the restoration of the morphological structure of the liver, kidney, the normalization of water-salt and carbohydrate metabolism, this can be used in programs for integrated prevention of diabetes in areas of technological risk.
Asunto(s)
Curcuma/química , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/patología , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/prevención & control , Contaminantes Ambientales/toxicidad , Formaldehído/toxicidad , Aloxano/farmacología , Animales , Antioxidantes/administración & dosificación , Antioxidantes/uso terapéutico , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/metabolismo , Quimioterapia Combinada , Hipoglucemiantes/administración & dosificación , Hipoglucemiantes/uso terapéutico , Células Secretoras de Insulina/efectos de los fármacos , Células Secretoras de Insulina/metabolismo , Células Secretoras de Insulina/patología , Riñón/efectos de los fármacos , Riñón/metabolismo , Riñón/patología , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Hígado/metabolismo , Hígado/patología , Masculino , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Preparaciones de Plantas/administración & dosificación , Preparaciones de Plantas/uso terapéutico , Ratas , Ratas WistarRESUMEN
A series of new 2-pyrrolylthiones was synthesized and found to be good chelating agents for transition metals and technetium.