RESUMEN
The new coronavirus infection spread around the world in a very short time and turned into a pandemic with a wave-like flow for more than two years. COVID-19infection affects selectively various organs and systems, including the nervous system; neurological manifestations have been reported, including anosmia, encephalopathy, stroke, epileptogenic disorders, which necessitates studies of the course of brain diseases, among which epilepsy occupies a significant place.
Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Epilepsia , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso , Accidente Cerebrovascular , Humanos , SARS-CoV-2 , Epilepsia/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
A review of the current literature shows that the combined use of neurophysiological and structural-functional neuroimaging methods has significantly expanded the understanding of the mechanisms of migraine with vestibular dysfunction: functional and structural disorders were found in brain regions involved in multisensory vestibular control and Central vestibular processing. Analysis of numerous studies shows that epilepsy can also cause vestibular symptoms, they can occur both without epileptic markers, and in combination with epileptic paroxysms. In isolated epileptic vertigo, according to studies widely presented in the literature, epileptic activity was most often detected by EEG data in the temporal regions, to a lesser extent in the parietal regions. In these studies, neuroimaging findings of foci of reduced substance density were found, which could be a consequence of deafferentation, as well as violations of connections with the focus of neuronal activity. In the absence of structural abnormalities, numerous studies have shown using magnetic resonance spectroscopy, diffusion MRI, and PET that the physiological basis for impaired neuronal metabolism was a decrease in synaptic activity, a violation of maintaining the difference in membrane potentials on the surface of the hippocampus, or changes in neighboring tracts of the white matter of the brain.
Asunto(s)
Epilepsia , Trastornos Migrañosos , Epilepsia/diagnóstico por imagen , Neuroimagen Funcional , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Trastornos Migrañosos/diagnóstico por imagen , Neuroimagen , Vértigo/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
The review considers the efficacy of neurophysiological methods for the study of migraine. According to many authors, such neurophysiological methods as analysis of visual and somatosensory evoked potentials, trigeminal evoked potentials are informative for assessing the functional state of trigeminocervical and sensory systems. Analysis of bioelectric activity of the brain is used for differential diagnosis of migraine and epilepsy, evaluation of various forms and types of migraine. Studies with recording and analysis of laser evoked potentials, as well as the effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation, both diagnostic and non-pharmacological rehabilitation effects on pain syndrome, which increases the efficiency and quality of life in migraine, are considered.
Asunto(s)
Trastornos Migrañosos , Calidad de Vida , Potenciales Evocados Somatosensoriales , Humanos , Trastornos Migrañosos/diagnóstico , Neurofisiología , Estimulación Magnética TranscranealRESUMEN
The review considers the results of domestic and foreign studies of modern neurophysiological diagnosis of vestibular disorders in migraine and epilepsy. Currently, there is a large number of physiological and clinical methods to evaluate the functions of the peripheral and central parts of the vestibular sensory system. However, among the tests, the samples for the assessment of the physiological state of horizontal semicircular canals and associated stem canals predominate. In recent years, neurophysiological techniques that reflect the work of the structures of the nervous system, previously inaccessible to direct study, are being actively introduced. Modern effective neurophysiological methods of rehabilitation of patients with migraine-associated and other various vestibular disorders have been developed. Further study of neurophysiological approaches to the diagnosis of vestibular disorders in migraine and epilepsy will significantly expands the current understanding of neurophysiological mechanisms of brain functions.
Asunto(s)
Epilepsia , Trastornos Migrañosos , Enfermedades Vestibulares , Epilepsia/diagnóstico , Humanos , Trastornos Migrañosos/diagnóstico , Neurofisiología/métodos , Canales Semicirculares , Enfermedades Vestibulares/diagnósticoRESUMEN
AIM: To analyse neurophysiological and some physiological characteristics of people with Internet addiction. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two groups of subjects were studied: with Internet-addiction lasted no more than two years and the control group. Spectral-correlation parameters of EEG, functional asymmetry of EEG parameters, and heart rate variability were recorded. The comparison was performed in three states: eyes-closed, eyes-open conditions and after a 15-minute Internet session. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The shift in the balance of the regulation of the heart rate towards the predominance of the sympathetic nervous system is accompanied by a functional state of increased activation, anxiety as indicated by the parameters of the electric activity of the brain and the shift in the functional asymmetry of the brain in the spectral power of the fast EEG rhythms in the right hemisphere.