RESUMEN
Anaplasma bovis and Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection were examined by species-specific nested polymerase chain reaction in cattle in a pastureland where sika deer appear in Hokkaido, Japan. Of the 78 cattle examined, 12 (15%) and 1 (1%) tested positive for infection by A. bovis and A. phagocytophilum, respectively. One cattle tested positive for both. A. phagocytophilum infection rates were significantly lower in cattle than in sika deer (46%), but the infection rate by A. bovis was not significantly different between cattle (15%) and sika deer (23%). The strain of A. phagocytophilum detected in this study may possess significantly lower virulence or infectivity in cattle hosts. No clinical symptoms were recorded in the positive cattle, and morulae were not detected in the blood smears.
Asunto(s)
Anaplasma phagocytophilum/aislamiento & purificación , Anaplasma/aislamiento & purificación , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/microbiología , Ciervos/microbiología , Ehrlichiosis/veterinaria , Ixodes/microbiología , Anaplasma/clasificación , Anaplasma/genética , Anaplasma/virología , Anaplasma phagocytophilum/genética , Anaplasma phagocytophilum/patogenicidad , Animales , Bovinos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/epidemiología , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/genética , ADN Bacteriano/genética , ADN Ribosómico/genética , Recolección de Datos , Ciervos/genética , Ehrlichiosis/epidemiología , Ehrlichiosis/microbiología , Japón/epidemiología , Epidemiología Molecular , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/veterinaria , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Especificidad de la Especie , VirulenciaRESUMEN
Rickettsial infection of cattle and sika deer from a pastureland in Hidaka District, Hokkaido, Japan was examined by serological and molecular methods. Serum samples from 8 of 83 (9.6%) cattle reacted with Rickettsia helvetica antigens in an IFA test, with titers ranging from 1:160 to 1:640, while serum samples from 15 of 22 (68.2%) deer were positive for R. helvetica, with titers ranging from 1:80 to 1:640. In a genus-specific nested PCR based on gltA, no cattle were positive for Rickettsia, while 14 of 22 (63.3%) samples obtained from deer tested positive. Sequence analysis revealed that positive samples from sika deer showed 100% nucleotide sequence identity with the known sequence of Rickettsia asiatica.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/sangre , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/microbiología , Infecciones por Rickettsia/veterinaria , Rickettsia , Animales , Antígenos Bacterianos/sangre , Bovinos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/epidemiología , ADN Bacteriano/análisis , ADN Bacteriano/aislamiento & purificación , Ciervos , Japón/epidemiología , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Rickettsia/clasificación , Rickettsia/genética , Rickettsia/inmunología , Rickettsia/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Rickettsia/epidemiología , Infecciones por Rickettsia/microbiologíaRESUMEN
Partial nucleotide sequences of the citrate synthase and 17-kDa genes of Rickettsia helvetica were detected from peripheral blood samples of Sika deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis) in Hokkaido, Japan. Results suggest the presence of a rickettsiemia associated with R. helvetica. This is the first evidence of R. helvetica infection in Sika deer and indicates that this species may represent a potential reservoir host of R. helvetica in Japan.
Asunto(s)
Citrato (si)-Sintasa/genética , Ciervos/microbiología , Infecciones por Rickettsia/veterinaria , Rickettsia/aislamiento & purificación , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , ADN Bacteriano/análisis , Ciervos/sangre , Reservorios de Enfermedades/microbiología , Reservorios de Enfermedades/veterinaria , Japón/epidemiología , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/métodos , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/veterinaria , Prevalencia , Rickettsia/genética , Infecciones por Rickettsia/sangre , Infecciones por Rickettsia/epidemiología , Infecciones por Rickettsia/microbiología , Especificidad de la EspecieRESUMEN
Ehrlichia muris DNA was detected in the blood of sika deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis) by species-specific PCR based on the citrate synthase gene, which was shown to be more sensitive than species-specific PCR based on the 16S rRNA gene. Among 102 deer examined, one deer was positive. Deer may be a possible mammalian reservoir of E. muris.
Asunto(s)
Citrato (si)-Sintasa/genética , ADN Bacteriano/sangre , Ciervos/microbiología , Ehrlichia/aislamiento & purificación , Ehrlichiosis/veterinaria , Animales , Reservorios de Enfermedades/veterinaria , Ehrlichia/enzimología , Ehrlichiosis/epidemiología , Japón/epidemiología , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/métodos , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/veterinaria , Especificidad de la EspecieRESUMEN
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the breast has become important not only for assessing the extent of breast cancer for breast-conserving surgery but also for the evaluation and diagnosis of other benign and malignant pathologies. We radiologists therefore need to know the appropriate indications for performing breast MRI and understand the MRI features of breast disease. We herein review and discuss the application of current pulse sequences and the imaging strategies for MRI of breast pathologies. We will illustrate the MRI features of various breast pathologies including malignant tumors such as invasive and noninvasive ductal carcinoma, special types of invasive carcinoma (mucinous, apocrine, lobular carcinoma, spindle cell carcinoma, and so on), inflammatory carcinoma, semimalignant tumor (phyllodes tumor), benign tumors (fibroadenoma, intraductal and intracystic papilloma), inflammatory conditions, and postsurgical changes. We will also demonstrate three-dimensional fusion images of MR ductography and breast MRI of patients with nipple discharge.