RESUMEN
We have estimated the risk of transmitting HIV infection from a unit of HIV seronegative blood collected in Los Angeles and Orange Counties, CA from March 1985 through February 1987. Our method consisted of lookback investigations and anti-HIV testing of living recipients of HIV seronegative units donated by persons who later tested HIV seropositive at the time of a subsequent donation. During these investigations we have documented 3 cases of HIV transmission from HIV seronegative blood; using several assumptions, and extrapolating from this data, we have calculated that the risk of HIV transmission from an HIV seronegative unit was 1 in 51,000 to 1 in 102,000 (with a best guess of 1 in 68,000). We believe that our model can be applied in other geographic regions in an ongoing fashion in order to update our estimates of HIV transmission from HIV seronegative blood.
Asunto(s)
Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida/transmisión , Seropositividad para VIH/complicaciones , Humanos , Estudios Retrospectivos/métodos , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
We conducted anti-HIV testing on follow-up samples obtained at a mean interval of 20 weeks from 150 blood donors who had previously tested anti-HIV ELISA positive and Western blot atypical. Of 93 donors who demonstrated reactivity to HIV core protein p24, 4 progressed to positive Western blots. Most of the remaining donors showed a persistent p24 reactivity on Western blot and had no risk factors for HIV infection. Immunofluorescence testing of the initial sample from 93 donors could not definitively separate seroconverters from those with persistent p24 reactivity. Of 57 donors with p18 reactivity, none were positive on follow-up anti-HIV testing. Our findings suggest policies and strategies for notifying donors of atypical anti-HIV Western blot results.