RESUMEN
The aim of this study was to investigate the oral health status and quality of life (QOL) of the parental caregivers of individuals with Down syndrome (DS), and to evaluate whether there is an association between these variables. The sample of this cross-sectional study was composed by parental caregivers of children with DS (CCDS) and parental caregivers of children without DS (CNDSC). Oral examination was undertaken and a questionnaire was given to participants. QOL was evaluated by WHOQOL-Bref. CCDS presented a higher number of dental prosthesis users and higher gingival bleeding index compared to CNDSC. When oral health was associated with QOL, the use of dental prosthesis was associated with physical domain and the variables having chronic disease and family income were associated with the social domain for both caregivers. The results suggest that caregivers of children with DS have similar oral health and QOL compared to caregivers of children without DS. In both caregivers, oral health status is associated with QOL.
Asunto(s)
Síndrome de Down , Discapacidad Intelectual , Humanos , Niño , Calidad de Vida , Salud Bucal , Cuidadores , Estudios Transversales , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Padres , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
AIM: Parental caregivers of children with Down Syndrome (DS) have a greater burden of daily activities that may affect their health. The aim of this exploratory study was to evaluate the impact of caregiving of children with Down syndrome on parenting quality of life, stress, mental and oral health. METHODS: Fifty-four parental caregivers of children with DS and 51 parents of children without physical or mental disabilities participated of this study. All participants were clinically examined to evaluate the presence of dental caries, gingival conditions and answered a sociodemographic questionnaire. Depression, anxiety, quality of life and coping strategies were assessed using specific instruments. Hair cortisol level was assessed as biological marker of chronic stress. RESULTS: Psychological and quality of life parameters were similar between the groups of caregivers (p > .05). Caregivers of children with DS were older (48.6 vs. 41.5, p < .001), had longer caregiving period (> 10 vs < 10 years, p = .003), presented higher gingival bleeding index (6.1 vs. 4.7, p = .014) and higher cortisol levels (55.9 vs. 38.4, p = .07) as compared with parents of children without disabilities. Sociodemographic data has no influence on cortisol levels (p > .05). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the caregiving of children with DS has an impact on parenting oral health and stress.
Asunto(s)
Caries Dental , Síndrome de Down , Cuidadores/psicología , Niño , Humanos , Hidrocortisona , Salud Bucal , Calidad de Vida/psicología , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To evaluate the relationship between salivary secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) concentration and dental caries in children with Down syndrome (DS) and compare it with findings in non-DS children. METHODS: The sample comprised 61 DS children and 52 non-DS children, aged 6 to 14 years. Caries experience, plaque index (PI), and gingival bleeding index (GBI) were recorded. Saliva samples were collected from all children. Total salivary sIgA concentrations were determined using an enzymatic assay method. RESULTS: Caries experience in primary and permanent dentitions were similar in DS and non-DS children. However, PI and GBI values were significantly lower in DS compared to non-DS children. DS children had higher salivary sIgA concentrations compared to non-DS children. No difference in sIgA concentration was observed between children with and without caries experience in either group. CONCLUSIONS: DS children have higher salivary sIgA concentrations than non-DS children. However, this finding did not correlate with caries experience in the study population.
Asunto(s)
Caries Dental/epidemiología , Síndrome de Down , Inmunoglobulina A Secretora/análisis , Saliva/química , Adolescente , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Niño , Atención Dental para Niños , Atención Dental para la Persona con Discapacidad , Femenino , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMEN
Down syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic disorder in humans, but its incidence in monozygotic twins is extremely rare. The aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with dental caries in a pair of monozygotic twin girls with DS, where one had caries experience and the other did not. Clinical examination, salivary Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) levels and their genotypic diversity, the biochemical composition of the dental biofilm, the frequency of sucrose consumption, and toothbrushing habits were assessed from the twin girls. Twin with caries experience showed higher levels of S. mutans in the saliva and lower concentrations of calcium, phosphate, and fluoride and higher concentrations of extracellular polysaccharides in the biofilm compared to her sister. Genotypic diversity of S. mutans was also higher in the twin with caries experience. Dental biofilm composition showed different patterns of cariogenicity between the two sisters, which may also by itself explain the difference in the dental caries between them.
Asunto(s)
Biopelículas/clasificación , Atención Dental para Niños/métodos , Atención Dental para la Persona con Discapacidad/métodos , Caries Dental/microbiología , Síndrome de Down , Niño , Índice CPO , Femenino , Humanos , Saliva/química , Saliva/microbiología , Streptococcus mutans/aislamiento & purificación , Gemelos MonocigóticosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Many studies have shown a lower experience of caries in people with Down syndrome compared to individuals without Down syndrome, but this issue has not been critically evaluated. AIM: To conduct a systematic review of the international literature on dental caries experience in people with Down syndrome. DESIGN: Three online databases (PubMed, LILACS, and Cochrane) were used to identify relevant studies on caries experience in people with Down syndrome published until May 2015. PICO (Patient/Population, Intervention, Comparison group, and Outcome) criteria were used to screen studies by title and abstract. An assessment of the methodological study quality was performed according to the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RESULTS: The search resulted in 226 studies. Thirteen publications were included in the systematic review. Ten studies reported results of lower caries experience in individuals with Down syndrome in at least one age group studied. Three studies reported no differences in caries experience among the groups. All studies, however, included in this systematic review had limitations that increased the likelihood of bias in the study results. CONCLUSION: There is no scientific evidence to support the hypothesis that people with Down syndrome have a lower experience of caries than non-syndromic individuals.
Asunto(s)
Atención Dental para la Persona con Discapacidad , Caries Dental/epidemiología , Caries Dental/prevención & control , Síndrome de Down , HumanosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The biochemical composition of the saliva and biofilm of children with Down syndrome (DS) may be associated with the incidence of caries in this population. AIM: To evaluate the biochemical composition of the saliva and dental biofilm of children with DS in the city of Porto Alegre, RS. DESIGN: The sample comprised 144 children between 6 and 14 years of age, of whom 61 had DS and 83 did not. Stimulated saliva samples were collected from all participants, as were samples of 48-h biofilm. Fluoride (F), calcium (Ca), and phosphorus (Pi ) concentrations in saliva and biofilm were determined by colorimetric method (Ca and Pi ) or selective electrode (F). The level of insoluble extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) in dental biofilm was measured using sulphuric acid method. RESULTS: Salivary concentration of F, Ca, and Pi did not differ between children with and without DS. The dental biofilm of children with DS, however, showed higher Pi and EPS levels than that of children without the syndrome (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The present results suggest that despite the salivary composition being similar between groups, the dental biofilm of children with DS has higher cariogenic potential than that of children without this condition.
Asunto(s)
Biopelículas , Caries Dental/epidemiología , Síndrome de Down , Saliva/química , Adolescente , Brasil/epidemiología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMEN
PURPOSE: The literature on the oral health status of Down syndrome (DS) patients is controversial. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the oral health status and levels of mutans streptococci (MS) in the saliva of DS children. METHODS: This study was performed with 60 DS children and 71 non-DS children aged six to 12 years old. Caries experience, plaque index (PI), and gingival bleeding index (GBI) were recorded. Information about oral hygiene habits was obtained. Saliva samples were collected to determine MS levels. RESULTS: The prevalence of dental caries was similar in children with and without DS. DS children had lower PI and GBI values and a higher toothbrushing frequency. Supervised toothbrushing by parents or guardians was more frequent in DS children and associated with lower PI and GBI. High counts of MS in saliva were associated with caries experience in DS children. CONCLUSIONS: Down syndrome children had a similar caries experience, lower plaque index, and lower gingival bleeding index values compared to children without Down syndrome. However, DS children who had caries were more likely to display high counts of mutans streptococci in saliva than non-DS children with caries.