RESUMEN
A Gram-positive bacterium originating from garden soil was taxonomically studied. Cells are non-motile, non-sporulating, irregular rods and cocci. The cell wall peptidoglycan contains L-ornithine as diagnostic diamino acid and an interpeptide bridge consisting of L-Orn<--L-Ala<--Gly<--D-Asp. The major menaquinone is MK-8(H4). 13-Methyl tetradecanoic acid and 14-methyl pentadecanoic acid are the predominant fatty acids. The polar lipids are phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, three unknown glycolipids and three unknown phospholipids. Mycolic acids are absent. The DNA G+C composition is 70 mol%. The acyl type of the glycan chain of peptidoglycan is acetyl. Glucose is the dominating whole cell sugar; arabinose, rhamnose and xylose are present in traces. Results of 16S rDNA sequence comparisons revealed that strain HKI 0124T represents a novel lineage within the suborder Micrococcineae of the order Actinomycetales adjacent to the recently described genus Ornithinicoccus. On the basis of the clearly pronounced morphological, physiological, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic differences between strain HKI 0124T and all members of the suborder Micrococcineae, it is proposed to assign strain HKI 0124T to a new genus and species, Ornithinimicrobium humiphilum gen. nov., sp. nov. The type and only strain is HKI 0124T (= DSM 12362T = CIP 106634T).
Asunto(s)
Actinomycetales/clasificación , Ornitina/análisis , Peptidoglicano/química , Microbiología del Suelo , Actinomycetales/química , Actinomycetales/genética , Actinomycetales/aislamiento & purificación , Técnicas de Tipificación Bacteriana , Composición de Base , ADN Bacteriano/química , ADN Bacteriano/genética , ADN Ribosómico/química , ADN Ribosómico/genética , Ácidos Grasos/análisis , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Filogenia , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Análisis de Secuencia de ADNRESUMEN
Two Gram-positive coccoid, non-motile bacteria with L-ornithine as diagnostic diamino acid of the peptidoglycan and an interpeptide bridge of L-Orn<--Gly(1,2)<--D-Glu were isolated from a sample of garden soil. The major menaquinone is MK-8(H4). 13-methyl and 12-methyl tetradecanoic acids are the predominant fatty acids. The polar lipids are phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylserine and two unknown phospholipids. Mycolic acids are absent. The DNA base composition is 72 mol% G + C. Recent comparative 16S rDNA studies revealed that strains HKI 0125T and HKI 0131 represent a novel lineage adjacent to the family Intrasporangiaceae of the order Actinomycetales but distinct from the previously described genera of this family. On the basis of the genotypic, chemotaxonomic, morphological and physiological characteristics of these two isolates it is proposed to classify HKI 0125T and HKI 0131 in a new genus and species for which the name Ornithinicoccus hortensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HKI 0125T (= DSM 12335T).
Asunto(s)
Actinomycetales/química , Actinomycetales/clasificación , Ornitina/análisis , Microbiología del Suelo , Actinomycetales/metabolismo , Técnicas de Tipificación Bacteriana , Composición de Base , Pared Celular/química , ADN Bacteriano/química , ADN Bacteriano/genética , ADN Ribosómico/química , ADN Ribosómico/genética , Lípidos/análisis , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Filogenia , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Análisis de Secuencia de ADNRESUMEN
Two aerobic, Gram-positive bacteria, strains HKI 0122T and HKI 0132, were isolated from a cave. Cells are not acid-fast, non-motile, non-spore-forming and exhibit a rod-coccus growth cycle. The cell wall peptidoglycan contains lysine in position 3 of the peptide subunit and an interpeptide bridge of L-Lys<--L-Glu. The major menaquinone is MK-8(H4), 13-methyl and 12-methyl tetradecanoic acids are the predominating fatty acids. The polar lipids consist of phosphatidylinositol, diphosphatidylglycerol and three unknown phospholipids. Mycolic acids are absent. The DNA base composition is 71 mol% G + C. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that strain HKI 0122T forms a novel taxon among the families and unassigned genera of the suborder Micrococcineae, within the order Actinomycetales. On the basis of the genotypic, chemotaxonomic, morphological and physiological characteristics of these two isolates it is proposed to assign strains HKI 0122T and HKI 0132 to a new genus and species for which the name Beutenbergia cavernae gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HKI 0122T (= DSM 12333T).
Asunto(s)
Actinomycetales/química , Actinomycetales/clasificación , Lisina/análisis , Microbiología del Suelo , Actinomycetales/aislamiento & purificación , Actinomycetales/fisiología , Técnicas de Tipificación Bacteriana , Pared Celular/química , ADN Bacteriano/genética , ADN Ribosómico/genética , Ecosistema , Lípidos/análisis , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Filogenia , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Análisis de Secuencia de ADNRESUMEN
A variety of isolation procedures were carried out to study the involvement of bacteria in the colonisation and biodeterioration of Spanish caves with paleolithic rock art (Altamira and Tito Bustillo). The applied techniques mainly aimed to isolate heterotrophic bacteria such as streptomycetes, nocardioform and coryneform actinomycetes, and other gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The results demonstrated that actinomycetes were the most abundant gram-positive bacteria in the caves. Actinomycetes revealed a great taxonomic diversity with the predominant isolates belonging to the genus Streptomyces. Members of the genera Nocardia, Rhodococcus, Nocardioides, Amycolatopsis, Saccharothrix, Brevibacterium, Microbacterium, and coccoid actinomycetes (family Micrococcaceae) were also found.
Asunto(s)
Actinomycetales/aislamiento & purificación , Microbiología Ambiental , Sedimentos Geológicos/microbiología , Pinturas , Paleontología , Actinomycetales/metabolismo , EspañaRESUMEN
A novel actinomycete was isolated from compost soil and was studied taxonomically and phylogenetically. Cells of this organism were gram positive, not acid fast, nonmotile, nonsporulating, irregular coccoid to short rod shaped, and microaerophilic. The cell wall peptidoglycan contained lysine and was cross-linked via an L-Lys<--L-Ser<--D-Asp interpeptide bridge. The major menaquinone was MK-8(H4). The polar lipids were phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, and two unknown phospholipids. Mycolic acids were absent. The cellular fatty acid profile was complex, with large amounts of saturated and monounsaturated straight-chain acids and smaller amounts of iso and anteiso branched-chain acids. The G+C content of the DNA was 66 mol%. Comparative 16S ribosomal DNA studies revealed that strain HKI 0089T represents a novel lineage within Actinobacteria (32) distinct from all previously described genera and most closely related to members of the genera Kytococcus, Dermacoccus, and Dermatophilus of the family Dermatophilaceae. On the basis of our results, we suggest that strain HKI 0089 should be classified in a new genus and species, for which we propose the name Demetria terragena. The type strain and the only strain of the genus and species is HKI 0089 (DSM 11295).
Asunto(s)
Actinomycetaceae/clasificación , Filogenia , Actinomycetaceae/química , Actinomycetaceae/genética , Actinomycetaceae/metabolismo , Actinomycetaceae/ultraestructura , Composición de Base , Pared Celular/química , ADN Bacteriano/análisis , Ácidos Grasos/análisis , Microscopía Electrónica , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , ARN Ribosómico 16S/análisis , Terminología como AsuntoRESUMEN
A new gram-positive, alkaliphilic, nonsporulating, rod-shaped bacterium is described. The organism was isolated from soda soil (Lake Bogoria, Kenya) and has the following characteristics. It is nonmotile, not acid fast, halotolerant, and microaerophilic, and optimal growth occurs at pH values between 9 and 10. The peptidoglycan type is of type A4 alpha, with lysine as the characteristic diamino acid and glutamic acid as a component of the interpeptide bridge. The major menaquinone is MK-8(H4). The polar lipids are phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, and an unknown phospholipid. 12-Methyltetradecanoic acid is the predominant fatty acid. The G + C content of the DNA is 70 mol%. The results of 16S ribosomal DNA sequence comparisons revealed that strain HKI 0088T represents a new lineage in the order Actinomycetales. Therefore, we concluded that strain HKI 0088T should be assigned to a new genus and species, for which we propose the name Bogoriella caseilytica gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain and only strain of this genus and species is HKI 0088 (= DSM 11294).
Asunto(s)
Actinomycetaceae/clasificación , Álcalis/metabolismo , Bacilos Grampositivos/clasificación , Microbiología del Agua , Actinomycetaceae/genética , Actinomycetaceae/metabolismo , Aminoácidos/metabolismo , ADN Bacteriano/análisis , ADN Ribosómico/análisis , Bacilos Grampositivos/genética , Bacilos Grampositivos/metabolismo , Kenia , Datos de Secuencia MolecularRESUMEN
New gram-positive bacteria were isolated from 1-year-old sludge from a wastewater treatment plant. The isolates are coccoid to rod-shaped, nonmotile aerobes that form neither spores nor mycelia. They are characterized by a peptidoglycan with directly cross-linked meso-diaminopimelic acid (type A1 gamma), by the presence of menaquinone MK-8(H4), and by the lack of mycolic acids. The strains have complex fatty acid patterns with i-C16:0 and straight-chain saturated and unsaturated fatty acids as major components. The G + C content of the DNA is 70 mol%. The results of chemotaxonomic studies and a 16S ribosomal DNA sequence comparison support our proposal to assign these bacteria to a new genus, the genus Janibacter gen. nov.; the type species is Janibacter limosus sp. nov., and the type strain of J. limosus is strain HKI 83 (= DSM 11140).