Asunto(s)
Vectores de Enfermedades , Fascioliasis/veterinaria , Lymnaea/crecimiento & desarrollo , Poaceae/parasitología , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/transmisión , Animales , Etiopía/epidemiología , Fascioliasis/transmisión , Hígado/parasitología , Lymnaea/aislamiento & purificación , Lymnaea/fisiología , Reproducción , Estaciones del Año , OvinosRESUMEN
As many ewes and lambs watered at concrete ponds in well-drained sites acquired fluke infection as those watered at natural ponds in areas suitable for the snail intermediate hosts of Fasciola hepatica. Fasciola transmission, as evidenced by the increasing number of seropositive hosts in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), occurred during the heavy rainy period of July-September and declined with the onset of the dry season, being succeeded by the emergence of faecal positive hosts. This indicates the superiority of ELISA over coprological techniques in the early diagnosis and seroepidemiology of this parasitic infection. Host productivity, as reflected in weight gains and haematological parameters, was not significantly affected by the fluke infections.
Asunto(s)
Fascioliasis/veterinaria , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/transmisión , Abastecimiento de Agua , Animales , Anticuerpos Antihelmínticos/análisis , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Etiopía , Fasciola hepatica/inmunología , Fascioliasis/epidemiología , Fascioliasis/transmisión , Heces/parasitología , Recuento de Huevos de Parásitos/veterinaria , Estaciones del Año , Ovinos , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Anorexia in forty-six (6.1%) out of 753 neonatal lambs was investigated. Thirty-five of these lambs (76.1%) died while eleven (23.9%) recovered after treatment. Coagulated rubber-like milk clots were found in fifteen (42.9%), phytobezoars in nine (25.7%) and trichophytobezoars and coarse straws in eleven (31.4%) of the dead lambs.
Asunto(s)
Abomaso , Anorexia/veterinaria , Bezoares/veterinaria , Trastornos de Alimentación y de la Ingestión de Alimentos/veterinaria , Enfermedades de las Ovejas , Animales , Animales Recién Nacidos , Anorexia/etiología , Ovinos , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/etiologíaRESUMEN
Dogs seen at a veterinary teaching hospital were classified on the basis of their apparent exposure to filarial worms, and their sera were examined in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test, using a Dirofilaria immitis-derived antigen. The geometric mean titers of 103 dogs varied from 30 (61 noninfected dogs) to 2,896 (in 8 dogs without microfilaremia, but with signs of occult dirofilariasis [respiratory insufficiency, radiographic evidence of pulmonary hypertension] and a history of possible exposure to the mosquito vectors of heartworms). The mean titer of 28 dogs with patent filarial infections was 122, slightly higher than the mean titer of 64 in 8 dogs with a history of previous heartworm infection. The titers of dogs with evidence suggestive of occult dirofilariasis were significantly higher (P = 0.05) than the mean titers of those without evidence of filarial infections, with patent filarial infections, or with a history of dirofilariasis.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos/análisis , Dirofilaria/inmunología , Dirofilariasis/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico , Filarioidea/inmunología , Animales , Formación de Anticuerpos , Dirofilaria immitis/inmunología , Dirofilariasis/diagnóstico , Dirofilariasis/inmunología , Enfermedades de los Perros/inmunología , Perros , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Femenino , MasculinoRESUMEN
The prevalence of giardiasis was studied in 77 parakeets from 4 widely varied sources and was found to be 66%. The infection appeared most common in young birds. Cysts and trophozoites were found in fecal samples and persisted in birds caged alone for up to 4 months, New infections appeared when infected and noninfected birds were caged together, Treatment with 200 ppm of dimetridazole in the drinking water was less effective than 3 oral doses given at the rate of 1.5 mg/30 g of body weight every 12 hours by stomach tube. Metronidazole therapy was not effective.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de las Aves/parasitología , Giardiasis/veterinaria , Periquitos/parasitología , Psittaciformes/parasitología , Animales , Enfermedades de las Aves/tratamiento farmacológico , Dimetridazol/uso terapéutico , Giardiasis/tratamiento farmacológico , Giardiasis/parasitologíaRESUMEN
In the study for an animal model of onchocerciasis, particularly one dependent on a Simulium vector, the prevalence of Onchocerca lienalis in Georgia cattle was assessed. In 7 collections of cervical and umbilical skin samples and nuchal ligaments made between April and December, 1975, adult parasites were found in fascia of the ligamentum nuchae of 62 of 124 animals (50.0%), and microfilariae were present in 1 or more of the skin samples from 85 to 124 cattle (68.6%). Infections occurred in cattle of all ages examined (from 2 to more than 10 years). Microfilariae were found more frequently and abundantly in umbilical than in cervical skin. They were present in 47 of 62 cattle in which adult nematodes occurred, but also present in 38 of 62 cattle in which no adult nematodes were discovered. The adult nematodes caused considerable inflammation in the fascial sheath of the ligamentum muchae.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Bovinos/epidemiología , Oncocercosis/veterinaria , Animales , Bovinos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/patología , Femenino , Georgia , Masculino , Oncocercosis/epidemiología , Oncocercosis/patología , Piel/patologíaRESUMEN
Between November, 1974, and March, 1976, skin biopsies were taken at 12 different times from a small herd of 8 to 10 cattle near Lawrenceville, Ga. Samples were incubated for 4 to 6 hours in Hanks' balanced salt solution and centrifuged, and the sediment was examined microscopically for microfilariae. Microfilariae were consistently found in 4 of 10 animals over a 12-month period; numbers of microfilariae ranged from 1 to 211, with a mean of 3.42, 12.89, 17.31, and 27.53 per 4-mm-diameter biopsy from the 4 individual animals. The parasite was evidently being transmitted on the farm, as evidenced by the presence of microfilariae in an animal born on the farm.