RESUMEN
The psychosocial effects of circumcision status on the adolescent male are unclear. This study explored methods for assessing attitudes toward circumcision of early adolescents and differences in satisfaction between circumcised and uncircumcised males that would warrant further investigation. Seventy-three boys, aged 11 through 14 years completed the Petersen Body Image Scale and a questionnaire concerning their own circumcision status, satisfaction with that status, and perceptions about the status of other family members and peers. To assess knowledge, subjects identified diagrams depicting differing circumcision states during a personal interview. Physical examination confirmed reported circumcision status. Of the study group, 19% (n = 14) were uncircumcised. Use of visual aids to report circumcision status was more accurate (92%) than self-report (68%). Circumcised boys scored higher on satisfaction items than did uncircumcised boys, (t(15.65) = -3.96, p less than 0.001). No differences in general body image were found between groups. Further research that examines psychosocial outcomes of circumcision status is necessary.
Asunto(s)
Circuncisión Masculina/psicología , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Satisfacción Personal , Adolescente , Imagen Corporal , Niño , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMEN
Self-report measures of sexual maturation continue to be used to classify pubertal development even though their reliability remains in question. This study examined the accuracy of self-report measures by early adolescents in two settings. Standardized figured drawings depicting Tanner's sexual maturation scale (SMS) were shown to early adolescents at school (S1) and again in a clinical sitting (S2), and subjects were asked to rate their own pubertal development. Physical examination by a physician at S2 was used to corroborate sexual maturation. Participating in the study were 46 males, age 11-14 years (mean, 12.4, SD, 1.9), and 37 females, age 11-14 years (mean, 12.7, SD, 0.7). Concordance rate between physical examination and self-report of pubic hair development (males) at S1 was 58% (kappa = 0.35, p less than 0.0001) and 78% (kappa = .66, p less than 0.0001) at S2. Concordance rate of self-report of genital development at S1 and S2 was 27% (kappa = -0.06, p less than 0.49) and 44% (kappa = 0.18, p less than 0.04), respectively. Self-report of breast development demonstrated a concordance rate of 59% (kappa = 0.43, p less than 0.0001) at S1 and 72% (kappa = 0.59, p less than 0.0001) at S2. Concordance rate for self-report of pubic hair development in females was 58% at S1 (kappa = 0.42, p less than 0.0001) and 75% at S2 (kappa = 0.64, p less than 0.0001). There was a tendency for subjects to overestimate their development at early stages of maturation and underestimate development at later stages.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Asunto(s)
Pubertad , Autoevaluación (Psicología) , Maduración Sexual , Adolescente , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Reproducibilidad de los ResultadosRESUMEN
The cellular accumulation and disposition of the anthracycline antitumor antibiotic aclacinomycin A (ACM) were compared to those of daunorubicin. Although both drugs were avidly accumulated by cells, intracellular concentrations of ACM were two to three times those of daunorubicin. Whereas lowered temperature (0 degrees) reduced intracellular accumulation of both drugs, 10 mM sodium azide had no effect on accumulation of either ACM or daunorubicin. Both drugs exited from cells placed in drug-free medium, a process that was reduced at 0 degrees but not altered by 10 mM sodium azide. Unlike whole cells, isolated nuclei accumulated more daunorubicin than ACM. This process was not altered at 0 degrees. Both drugs were lost from nuclei placed in drug-free buffer, a process that was reduced at 0 degrees. Unlike daunorubicin, which localized in cell nuclei, ACM localized in the cytoplasm with no detectable nuclear fluorescence. Although both drugs produced dose-dependent inhibitions of [3H]thymidine and [3H]uridine incorporation by L1210 and P388 cells, ACM inhibited both processes at lower concentrations than did daunorubicin. While daunorubicin inhibited [3H]thymidine incorporation more effectively than [3H]uridine incorporation, the reverse was observed with ACM.