Asunto(s)
Anomalías Múltiples/orina , Factor de Crecimiento Epidérmico/fisiología , Trastornos del Crecimiento/orina , Niño , Preescolar , Enfermedades del Sistema Endocrino/orina , Factor de Crecimiento Epidérmico/orina , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Hirsutismo/orina , Humanos , Fenotipo , SíndromeRESUMEN
Suppression of growth without significant alterations in hormonal patterns has been demonstrated for the neurostimulant drug pemoline. Comparison of the in vitro effect of pemoline, methylphenidate, and methamphetamine on somatomedin-stimulated sulfate uptake by cartilage showed all three drugs to be inhibitory. Sulfate uptake by cartilage can be directly related to growth and glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis. Assay of two of the enzymes involved in the glycosaminoglycan biosynthetic pathway showed that methamphetamine and methylphenidate caused a marked depression of xylosyl- and galactosyltransferase enzyme activity. These data suggest an interference with cartilage metabolism as one possible mechanism for the growth retardation observed in children on neurostimulant drug therapy.
Asunto(s)
Cartílago/metabolismo , Estimulantes del Sistema Nervioso Central/farmacología , Animales , Embrión de Pollo , Depresión Química , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Galactosiltransferasas/metabolismo , Glicosaminoglicanos/biosíntesis , Metanfetamina/farmacología , Metilfenidato/farmacología , Pemolina/farmacología , Pentosiltransferasa/metabolismo , Somatomedinas/farmacología , Sulfatos/metabolismo , Uridina Difosfato XilosaRESUMEN
Decreased longitudinal growth was observed in 24 hyperkinetic children receiving pemoline therapy. Mean height velocity was 3.67 +/- 0.25 cm/year during therapy but 5.35 +/- 0.42 cm/year after treatment had been discontinued (P less than 0.01). There appeared to be an inverse relationship between growth velocity and drug dosage. All patients receiving less than the median dose of 3.72 mg/kg grew 4 cm/year or more, while seven of 12 patients receiving more than this dose grew at a slower rate. Body weight, basal and stimulated growth hormone values, and plasma somatomedin concentrations were not significantly altered by pemoline treatment, suggesting that this drug may have a direct effect on cartilage metabolism.
Asunto(s)
Trastornos del Crecimiento/inducido químicamente , Hipercinesia/tratamiento farmacológico , Pemolina/efectos adversos , Estatura/efectos de los fármacos , Peso Corporal/efectos de los fármacos , Femenino , Hormona del Crecimiento/sangre , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Pemolina/uso terapéutico , Estudios Prospectivos , Somatomedinas/sangreRESUMEN
The growth hormone responses to arginine infusion and to insulin-induced hypoglycemia were studied in 13 patients with neoplastic disease after treatment with radiation and chemotherapy. Patients who received intensive cranial radiation (greater than 2,400 rads) had no response to either arginine or insulin; those who received moderate cranial radiation (greater than or equal to 2,400 rads) had GH response to arginine but not to insulin; patients receiving no cranial radiation responded to both arginine and insulin. These data support the hypothesis that GH secretion in response to arginine infusion has a different mechanism in contrast to the response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia and that the latter is more vulnerable to cranial radiation.