RESUMEN
Mangrove ecosystems are crucial for protecting littoral regions, preserving biodiversity and sequestering carbon. The implementation of effective conservation and management strategies requires a comprehensive understanding of mangrove community structure, canopy coverage and overall health. This investigation focused on four small islands located within the Bunaken National Park in Indonesia: Bunaken, Manado Tua, Mantehage and Nain. Utilising the line transect quadrant method and hemispherical photography, the investigation comprised a total of 12 observation stations. Nain had the greatest average canopy coverage at 76.09%, followed by Mantehage, Manado Tua and Bunaken at 75.82%, 71.83% and 70.01%, respectively. Mantehage had the maximum species density, with 770.83 ind/ha, followed by Bunaken, Nain and Manado Tua with 675 ind/ha, 616.67 ind/ha and 483.34 ind/ha, respectively. The predominant sediment type observed was sandy mud and the mangrove species identified were Avicennia officinalis (AO), Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (BG), Rhizophora apiculata (RA), R. mucronata (RM), and Sonneratia alba (SA). On the small islands, S. alba emerged as the dominant mangrove species based on the importance value index (IVI). In addition, the Mangrove Health Index revealed that only 6.79% of the region exhibited poor health values, while 50% of the region was categorised as being in outstanding condition. These findings indicate that the overall condition of mangroves on these islands was relatively favourable.
RESUMEN
This article describes the data on coral reef percent cover small islands (Bunaken Island; Siladen Island; Manado Tua Island; Mantehage Island; Nain Island) in Bunaken National Park, Noth Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The data of coral percent cover from 20 stations (1000 quadrans), surveys were done by scuba diving along 50 m belt transects established on upper reef slope, mostly with depths ranging from 5 to 10 m. The method Used Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) and Coral Point Count with excel (CPCe) analysis. Percentage of coral cover between 6,27% and 69,20%. Manado Tua Island has a percentage of coral cover 42,02%, Bunaken Island 39,63%, Mantehage Island 29,10%, Siladen Island 27,87%, and Nain Island 25,97%. The average of live coral cover on the five islands is 32.92% with moderate category [2].