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Despite the development and implementation of preventive measures, new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) cases are still being registered among the population. OBJECTIVE: To describe the methods of recovery treatment, used at different rehabilitation stages of patients suffered from COVID-19. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An analytical review of rehabilitation methods of patients after COVID-19 was conducted. The literature reviews and original researches from Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, CyberLeninka and eLibrary electronic databases were studied. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Lungs, heart and vessels, gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system are most commonly affected by COVID-19. Due to this, the article considers key aspect of rehabilitation of patients with revealed disorders. Multidisciplinary approach is the main treatment type of patient with COVID-19. The effective result of comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach can be achieved only by the work of a team of specialists from different disciplines. The early onset, consistency and continuity of rehabilitation activities are important factors in the recovery of patients with post-COVID syndrome.

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From 14 to 54% of all pituitary adenomas are nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NPAs), their prevalence is estimated as 7.041.3 cases per 100 000 population. The most common type of NPAs (73% of cases) are gonadotropinomas. In most cases, gonadotropinoma is characterized by secretion of biologically inactive hormones, so the release of gonadotropins does not lead to the development of any clinical symptoms. For this reason the diagnosis of gonadotropinomas is most often performed on the basis of immunohistochemical analysis. However, in rare cases, gonadotropinomas secrete biologically active hormones, most often follicle-stimulating (FSH). Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome due to gonadotropin-secreting pituitary tumors occurs in about 3% of women with hormonally inactive pituitary adenomas at reproductive age and in 8% of patients with verified gonadotropinomas. This clinical case describes a young patient with a rare pathology: FSH/LH-secreting macroadenoma of the pituitary, which led to the development of ovary hyperstymulation symdrome. The diagnosis of pituitary adenoma was performed due to the identified hyperprolactinemia one month before the development of visual impairment, which can be considered a late diagnosis. Surgical treatment of gonadotropinomy was carried out successfully and without complications, remission of the disease was achieved, visual function was restored, the patient successfully became pregnant.

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AIM: To study the possibility of active thermolocation probing for the diagnosis of stenotic lesions of carotid arteries (CA). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eighteenpatients without symptoms of cardiovascular diseases were examined using ultrasound. The patients had isoechogenic stable atherosclerotic plaques (AP). Ultrasound markers of AP instability were found in other patients. All patients underwent telethermography of face, neck and extremities, ultrasound duplex scanning of CA. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: It has been demonstrated that complex thermography is sensitive to carotid atherosclerosis with ultrasound signs of unstable AP in CA. Further studies will allow to determine the specificity and sensitivity of these diagnostic methods.

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AIM: Insulin sensitivity is ~40% lower in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) than in controls. We tested the hypothesis that 5 weeks of electroacupuncture treatment improves glucose regulation and androgen levels in overweight/obese women with PCOS. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Seventeen women with PCOS, aged 18 to 38 years, with a body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2 and diagnosed with PCOS were included in this experimental and feasibility study and subjected to five weeks of electroacupuncture treatments three times/week. The primary outcome was changes in whole-body glucose homeostasis measured by euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp before and after the intervention. Secondary outcome were changes in HbA1c, circulating catecholamines, adipocyte size and adipose tissue expression of sex steroids and nerve growth factor (NGF). RESULTS: No significant change in glucose homeostasis was observed, but HbA1c decreased by 9.5% (p = 0.004), circulating testosterone decreased by 22% (p = 0.0007) and dihydrotestosterone decreased by 12% (p = 0.007). The two vagal activity markers of plasma serotonin levels and the dopamine metabolite homovanillic acid decreased by 21% (p = 0.027) and 20% (p = 0.011), respectively. Adipose tissue concentrations of testosterone decreased by 18% (p = 0.049), and androstenedione decreased by 13% (p = 0.035), and mature NGF/proNGF ratio, a marker of sympathetic activity, increased (p = 0.04). These changes occurred without changes in anthropometrics. CONCLUSION: Five weeks of electroacupuncture treatment improves HbA1c and circulating and adipose tissue androgens in women with PCOS. This effect is mediated, at least in part, via modulation of vagal activity and adipose tissue sympathetic activity. Based on these findings, we have recently initiated a randomized controlled study (NTC02647827).

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OBJECTIVE: to compare the frequency, preferential localization, severity of disturbances of venous circulation in the brain and limbs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Authors examined 140 people during 2009-2014: 20 apparently healthy people without clinical manifestations of extra-intracerebral venous insufficiency; 70 patients with clinical and instrumental signs of venous encephalopathy; 50 patients with varicose disease. History and clinical status were studied for all patients. In addition to physical methods, dynamic teletermography and triplex study of head, neck and extremity vessels were used. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: -A higher, than previously estimated, frequency of concomitant venous dysfunction of the brain and other locations was identified. It has been shown that venous insufficiency is a systemic pathology that affects venous circulation of the brain and extremities.

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Bizerine-oxalate of hexamethylene-bic-[N-methylcarbamic acid-3-(2-dimethylaminomethyl)pyridyl ether] exhibits the properties of acetylcholine esterase (AChE) inhibitor, being comparable in this respect in in vitro tests to aminostigmine. Bizerine is 2.5 and 6.7 times less active in these tests than proserine and distigmine, respectively, but it forms more stable complex with the enzyme. Bizerine is 10-80 times less toxic for laboratory mammals as compared to prozerine; it is 3-60 times more active on the isolated urinary bladder of rats, but it is 100-500 times less effective on the spinal muscle of leeches and skeletal muscles of mice and rats. Bizerine actively inhibits intestinal cholinesterase (ChE) of guinea pigs. In systematic use, it does not inhibit brain ChE of mice. Bizerine is a prolonged peripheral muscarinic potentiating inhibitor of ChE and activator of intestinal peristalsis.

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Dimedrol and pipolphen, but not loratadine, increase efficacy of the atropine and dipiroxime treatment of mice--an antidote prophylaxis against their intoxication with phosphacol and aminostigmine. The results of experiments confirm a hypothesis that histamine participates in the formation of secondary toxicity reactions in the case of heavy poisoning with anticholinesterase agents.

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A series of aminostigmin derivatives with various substituents at nitrogen in the second position of the pyridine ring, has been tested. The efficacy of preventing the death of mice poisoned by armine in five of the seven substances correlates with the constant of the rate of carbamylation of acetylcholinesterase in the in vitro experiments and with the hydrophobic nature. It is suggested that the phenomenon of protection of animals against the toxic effect of organophosphorous compounds involves the "leaving portion" of the molecule of carbamates.

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This investigation has been carried out on albino mice. In the first series of experiments, we determined the dependence of LD50 of aminostigmine on different doses of 10 cholinolytics, and conversely, the dependence of LD50 of cholinolytics on aminostigmine administration. The initial slopes of the dose-effect curves were calculated. This data form the basis for evaluation of the character and degree of interactions. We established that benactyzine, spasmolytin, ftoracizin, arpenal, atropine, ganglerone, and methacin at low doses exhibit antagonism (with decreasing activity), whereas at high doses they exhibit synergism to the toxic effect of aminostigmine. In the interaction with aminostigmine, pirenzepine and amitriptyline (M1--cholinolytics) reveal a slightly pronounced antagonism, whereas aetyrophene, a selective central N-cholinolytic, displays mutual synergism. In the second series of experiments we showed that a combination of M1-, M2-cholinolytic atropine with M1- cholinolytics does not change the efficacy of the prophylaxis of aminostigmine and physostigmine poisoning, whereas a combination with N-cholinolytic increases it.

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