RESUMEN
Sesquipedalian mud and burnt bricks (second to third century AD) were excavated from the Roman city of Romula located in the Lower Danube Region (Olt county, Romania). Along with local soils, bricks are investigated by petrographic analysis, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), electron microscopy (SEM/EDX), X-ray microtomography (XRT), thermal analysis (DTA-TG), MÓ§ssbauer spectroscopy, magnetometry, colorimetry, and mechanical properties assessment. The results correlate well with each other, being useful for conservation/restoration purposes and as reference data for other ceramic materials. Remarkably, our analysis and comparison with literature data indicate possible control and wise optimization by the ancient brickmakers through the recipe, design (size, shape, and micro/macrostructure), and technology of the desired physical-chemical-mechanical properties. We discuss the Roman bricks as materials that can adapt to external factors, similar, to some extent, to modern "smart" or "intelligent" materials. These features can explain their outstanding durability to changes of weather/climate and mechanical load.
Asunto(s)
Cerámica , Suelo , Cerámica/química , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier , Difracción de Rayos XAsunto(s)
Enfermedad Coronaria/etiología , Obesidad/complicaciones , Adolescente , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Enfermedad Coronaria/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Hipercolesterolemia/epidemiología , Hiperglucemia/epidemiología , Hiperlipidemias/epidemiología , Hipertensión/epidemiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad/epidemiología , Riesgo , Rumanía , Población Rural , Factores Sexuales , Población UrbanaAsunto(s)
Infarto del Miocardio/epidemiología , Obesidad/complicaciones , Adolescente , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Complicaciones de la Diabetes , Conducta Alimentaria , Femenino , Humanos , Hipercolesterolemia/complicaciones , Hiperlipidemias/complicaciones , Hipertensión/complicaciones , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infarto del Miocardio/etiología , Riesgo , Rumanía , FumarRESUMEN
Cholesterolemia in a population of 100482 inhabitants of the Bihor district, subjected to screening for the risk factors in ischemic cardiopathy were studied. Together with hyperlipidemias other risk factors were detected: arterial hypertension, obesity, diabetes mellitus, smoking, ischemic alterations of the electrocardiogram, the influence of the noxious agents present at the working place, of the blood groups and disturbances of the menstrual cycle. The mean cholesteremia is of 205 ± 43.7 mgr% (M = 207 ± 43.7 mgr%; F = 204 ± 43.5 mgr%). The prevalence of cholesterolemia, in comparison with the higher normal limits in each age group over 15 years of age, is in the entire studied series, of 13.5%. The population in whom cholesterolemia exceeds 250 mgr% represents 13.92%.
Asunto(s)
Hiperlipidemias/complicaciones , Hipertensión/complicaciones , Isquemia Miocárdica/etiología , Obesidad/complicaciones , Adolescente , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Antígenos de Grupos Sanguíneos , Índice de Masa Corporal , Complicaciones de la Diabetes/epidemiología , Electrocardiografía , Contaminación Ambiental/efectos adversos , Femenino , Humanos , Hiperlipidemias/epidemiología , Hipertensión/epidemiología , Masculino , Tamizaje Masivo , Persona de Mediana Edad , Isquemia Miocárdica/epidemiología , Obesidad/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Rumanía/epidemiología , Fumar/efectos adversosRESUMEN
On the basis of 26 cases with non-operable primary or secondary neoplastic obstructions of the cardia the authors express the opinion that the best solution is the transdiaphragmatic pontage with a jejunal loop mounted in Y. Enlargement of this indication should not be made on behalf of radical or palleative resections, but on the contrary internal derivations should increase the range of surgical solutions in cancer of the cardia. Making an analysis of the major aspects (death-rate, indications and some technical details) in connection with the by-pass with a Roux loop the authors stress the benignity of this type of surgery and the chances it has to take the place of external derivations, compared with which it provides both nutritional and moral advantages.