RESUMEN
Background: Oral diseases are a silent epidemic. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to develop, validate, and assess the usability of an oral health prototype mobile application for oral health promotion among pregnant women in India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Tertiary Care Hospital in Delhi, India, after obtaining Ethical Clearance from the Institutional Ethical Committee Board. The study was conducted in three phases: development of the prototype app, its validation, followed by usability testing of the app. Mobile app was validated by 30 pregnant women and 30 subject experts using Heuristic Analysis Scale and usability testing by 30 pregnant women based on System Usability Scale (SUS). Data were analyzed with IBM SPSS version 21.0. Results: Majority (over 90%) of pregnant women and subject experts strongly acknowledged that the app educated the users using positive motivation strategies, instilling comprehensive knowledge and faced no issues with the appropriate functionality of the app. The prototype app scored 73.75 on SUS, indicating high usability. Conclusion: This study holistically explored various dimensions of oral health care in pregnant women. Its novelty is proven by the fact that the content of the prototype application has been phase wise developed and validated by pregnant women and subject experts. Usability testing of the app indicated its high acceptability and ease of use among pregnant women in India.
Asunto(s)
Aplicaciones Móviles , Humanos , Femenino , Embarazo , Promoción de la Salud/métodos , Salud Bucal , Diseño Centrado en el Usuario , Interfaz Usuario-Computador , Estudios Transversales , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , IndiaRESUMEN
Background: National legislation (COTPA) in India has focused on school children with dedicated section (6a and 6b) for tobacco control at Educational Institutions. Innovative mediums like Comic offer unique and engaging medium for dissemination of health information. However, its true potential remains unexplored in tobacco control. The study was conducted to develop and validate Comic for promotion of tobacco control laws in school settings. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted among school teachers in Delhi in three phases: (1) need assessment, (2) development of Comic, and (3) validation (face/content validity by experts in public health/tobacco control, and construct validity by school teachers). Ethical clearance was obtained from Institutional Ethical Review Board. Prevalidated, structured, close-ended, and self-administered Questionnaire was used for the data collection. SPSS version 21 was used for descriptive and inferential results. Results: Phase 1 showed, out of 150 school teachers, 121 participated (80.66%). Mean age and teaching experience was 41.85 ± 9.76 years and 10.35 ± 6.53 years, respectively. Overall awareness about COTPA was 47.9% (n = 58) and COTPA sections 4 and 6 were 37.2% (n = 45). Majority 59.5% (n = 72) reported lack of access to training material. Phase 2 and 3 showed overall content validity index (CVI) score of 0.84. Construct validity evaluation from pre-postintervention yield mean ± SD scores of 3.94 ± 0.99 and 7.97 ± 1.17, respectively, (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Comic was developed on sound theoretical basis with satisfactory face, content and construct validity, to raise awareness about tobacco control among school children, and teachers to promote tobacco-free school.