RESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the current nationwide iodine status in Turkey by determining urinary iodine concentrations (UIC) and household salt iodine content. A follow- up monitoring study was also conducted in 30 urban areas. METHODS: A school-based survey was conducted in 2007 by using multistage 'proportionate to population size' (PPS) cluster sampling method. The study population was composed of 900 school-age children (SAC) from different urban, suburban, and rural areas. UIC and iodine content of the table salt used at home were analyzed. RESULTS: Median UIC was 107 microg/l (147 in urban, 42 in suburban and rural areas, p<0.001). There were severe iodine deficiency (ID) in 7.2%, moderate and mild ID in 20.6% and 19.3%, of the SAC, respectively. UIC was sufficient (>100 microg/l) in 50% of the study population, whereas it was excessive (>300 microg/l) in 10.5% of them. Of the 900 salt samples, 662 (73.5%) were iodized and 508 samples (56.5%) contained adequately iodized salt (iodine content >15 ppm). UIC of the study population and salt iodine levels correlated well (r=0.42, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Moderate to severe ID still exists in 27.8% of the Turkish population, which is much better compared to 1997 and 2002 surveys (i.e. 58%, 38.9%, respectively). The follow-up monitoring study (in 2007) demonstrated that ID has been eliminated in 20 of 30 cities surveyed, and median UIC was 130 microg/l. ID has been eliminated in most of the urban population, however, it is still an important problem in rural areas and in particular geographical regions, which should be the target of future programs.
Asunto(s)
Bocio Endémico , Yodo/química , Animales , Niño , Estudios de Seguimiento , Bocio Endémico/epidemiología , Bocio Endémico/orina , Humanos , Yodo/deficiencia , Yodo/orina , Evaluación Nutricional , Estado Nutricional , Población , Cloruro de Sodio Dietético , Turquía/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Beta-thalassemia, an autosomal recessive disease, results from mutations of the beta-globin gene. More than 40 different mutations found in Turkish beta-thalassemia patients are mostly composed of point mutations, and only in very rare cases a deletion or an insertion causes beta-thalassemia phenotypes. Here, we report two patients who were clinically diagnosed with beta-thalassemia major and HbS/beta-thalassemia respectively. We performed reverse dot blot hybridization method and automated sequence analysis to detect the mutations. One of the patients was found to be IVS I.130 (G-C) homozygous, the other was HbS/IVS II.848 (C-A) as compound heterozygous. The aim of this study was to report hematological and clinical findings in both cases related with beta-globin gene defects that are very rare.
Asunto(s)
Hemoglobina Falciforme/genética , Mutación Puntual , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN/métodos , Talasemia beta/genética , Niño , ADN/análisis , ADN/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , Masculino , Turquía/epidemiología , Talasemia beta/diagnósticoRESUMEN
AIMS: The aim of the present retrospective study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of Ki-67 and Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunostaining and DNA content measured by flow cytometry (FCM) in epithelial ovarian tumours. Further, we compared these variables with histopathologic features and each other. METHODS: We used immunohistochemical methods on paraffin embedded tissue sections of 67 surgically resected epithelial ovarian neoplasms, diagnosed between 1987-1998, (benign serous n=12, benign mucinous n= 15, borderline mucinous n=3, malignant serous n= 15, malignant mucinous n=8, malignant endometrioid n=10, clear cell n=3 and malignant Brenner n= 1) for the presence of PCNA and Ki-67 reactivity. Samples from malignant and borderline tumours were also examined for DNA ploidy and S-phase fraction (SPF) by flow cytometry. Five malignant tumours were excluded because there was not sufficient tissue for flow cytometric analysis. CONCLUSION: There was no significant correlation between DNA ploidy, SPFs derived from FCM analysis, and proliferative activity, determined by PCNA and Ki-67 and the known histopathologic parameters of prognostic significance in ovarian epithelial malignancies.
Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma/genética , Adenocarcinoma/metabolismo , ADN de Neoplasias/análisis , Antígeno Ki-67/metabolismo , Neoplasias Ováricas/genética , Neoplasias Ováricas/metabolismo , Antígeno Nuclear de Célula en Proliferación/metabolismo , Adenocarcinoma/patología , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Citometría de Flujo , Humanos , Técnicas para Inmunoenzimas , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Neoplasias Ováricas/patología , Ploidias , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
Fifty-six and forty patients with acute icteric hepatitis were given levamisole and placebo, respectively, for the first 3 days of a week of the disease for 2 weeks, and continued through the third and fourth weeks if their hepatitis was not resolved. Liver functions of the levamisole-treated patients became normal slightly faster than the controls'. The normalization time of transaminases was found barely significantly shorter in the levamisole-treated group than in the controls (p less than 0.05). Additional studies with larger groups of antigenetically different types of hepatitis are warranted to determine whether treatment with levamisole might lessen the chances of developing chronic hepatitis.