RESUMEN
Evidence suggests that somatosensory electrical stimulation (SES) may decrease the degree of spasticity from neural drives, although there is no agreement between corticospinal modulation and the level of spasticity. Thus, stroke patients and healthy subjects were submitted to SES (3 Hz) for 30' on the impaired and dominant forearms, respectively. Motor evoked potentials induced by single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation were collected from two forearm muscles before and after SES. The passive resistance of the wrist joint was measured with an isokinetic system. We found no evidence of an acute carry-over effect of SES on the degree of spasticity.
Asunto(s)
Potenciales Evocados Motores/fisiología , Músculo Esquelético/fisiología , Accidente Cerebrovascular/fisiopatología , Estimulación Eléctrica , Humanos , Proyectos Piloto , Estimulación Magnética Transcraneal , MuñecaRESUMEN
A lipoenxertia de face, apesar de consagrada, não é isenta de riscos e complicações. Neste relato de caso, descrevemos de forma inédita uma complicação isquêmica local, causada por enxerto de gordura. Simultaneamente, propomos a terapêutica com Oxigenioterapia Hiperbárica para o tratamento desta situação, não se limitando exclusivamente à gordura, mas principalmente ao PMMA, em que esta complicação é muito mais frequente.
Facial fat grafting is not devoid of risks and complications, despite being a widely practiced procedure. In this case report, we describe a novel form of local ischemic complication that occurred secondary to fat grafting. Simultaneously, we propose Hyperbaric Oxygen therapy for the treatment of this situation. We propose that Hyperbaric Oxygen therapy should not be limited solely to fat graft-related ischemia, but should be effective in the management of the more frequently encountered complications associated with polymethylmethacrylate fillers.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Historia del Siglo XXI , Terapia por Inhalación de Oxígeno , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Rejuvenecimiento , Jeringas , Trasplante Autólogo , Informes de Casos , Grasa Abdominal , Cara , Rellenos Dérmicos , Oxigenoterapia Hiperbárica , Necrosis , Oxígeno , Oxígeno/uso terapéutico , Terapia por Inhalación de Oxígeno/métodos , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/cirugía , Cirugía Plástica , Cirugía Plástica/métodos , Jeringas/efectos adversos , Trasplante Autólogo/métodos , Grasa Abdominal/trasplante , Cara/cirugía , Rellenos Dérmicos/efectos adversos , Rellenos Dérmicos/normas , Rellenos Dérmicos/uso terapéutico , Oxigenoterapia Hiperbárica/métodos , Necrosis/cirugía , Necrosis/complicacionesRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To determine the rate of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (SIH) and in-hospital mortality among patients with acute ischemic stroke related to Chagas disease (CD) treated with IV tissue plasminogen activator (TPA). METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, consecutive stroke patients treated with IV TPA and routinely tested for CD were retrospectively selected from a single-center, hospital-based, prospective registry of acute stroke patients from 2001 to 2012. Demographic and clinical data were obtained from the registry as well as in-hospital mortality. CT scans were blindly reviewed to assess the occurrence of hemorrhagic transformation. Among acute stroke patients who received IV TPA, we compared those with and without a positive serology for CD. RESULTS: Among 240 patients treated with IV TPA, 174 had serologic testing for CD available. Of those, 24 patients (13.8%) had positive serology for CD. Patients with CD more frequently had heart failure (45.8% vs 14.7%; p < 0.01) and higher admission NIH Stroke Scale scores (19 [15-21] vs 13 [8-19]; p < 0.01) than patients with negative serology. The rates of SIH (4.2% vs 5.3%; odds ratio: 0.77; 95% confidence interval: 0.09-6.46; p = 0.99) and in-hospital death (16.7% vs 11.3%; odds ratio: 1.57; 95% confidence interval: 0.48-5.12; p = 0.50) were not higher among patients with CD. CONCLUSION: In the largest published series of patients with CD-related stroke treated with IV TPA, we have observed that IV thrombolysis was safely performed and showed no increase of SIH. The diagnosis of CD should not preclude IV thrombolysis in these patients.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de Chagas/complicaciones , Fibrinolíticos/uso terapéutico , Accidente Cerebrovascular/complicaciones , Accidente Cerebrovascular/tratamiento farmacológico , Activador de Tejido Plasminógeno/uso terapéutico , Anciano , Enfermedad de Chagas/sangre , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/complicaciones , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Índice de Severidad de la EnfermedadRESUMEN
UNLABELLED: One resorts to various postural strategies while attempting to maintain balance. OBJECTIVE: To assess the postural strategies adopted by young and elderly subjects in varying sensory conditions by using a system of tridimensional electromagnetic sensors positioned on the projection of the first thoracic vertebra and on the sacral region. Postural oscillation values for young and elderly subjects were also reported. METHOD: This observational cross-sectional study enrolled 25 young and 16 elderly individuals. A Polhemus™ device equipped with two sensors was used to assess postural oscillation parameters (maximum displacement, mean velocity, and trajectory). Data acquisition was carried out with subjects standing while undergoing a 90-second test in four sensory conditions: eyes opened, eyes closed, on a stable surface, and on an unstable surface. RESULTS: Sensors 1 and 2 presented significant cross-correlations in all sensory conditions for both groups (r > 0.99; p < 0.001). No statistically significant differences were seen when the cross-correlations for both groups were compared. CONCLUSION: This study presented an important tool to analyze postural oscillation and assess the postural strategies of young and elderly subjects in different sensory conditions. Young and elderly individuals presented strong correlations between sensors (ankle strategy), but no statistically significant differences were seen between groups.
Asunto(s)
Campos Electromagnéticos , Equilibrio Postural/fisiología , Adulto , Anciano , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Proyectos Piloto , Reproducibilidad de los ResultadosRESUMEN
Para manter o equilíbrio postural, algumas estratégias posturais são normalmente usadas. OBJETIVO: Avaliar as estratégias posturais de jovens e idosos em diferentes condições sensoriais usando um sistema de sensores eletromagnéticos tridimensionais posicionados na primeira vértebra torácica e região sacral. Também reportamos valores de oscilação postural dos jovens e idosos. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal observacional. Participaram do estudo 25 jovens e 16 idosas. O equipamento PolhemusTM com dois sensores foi usado para avaliar os parâmetros de oscilação postural (deslocamento máximo, velocidade média e trajetória). A aquisição dos dados foi realizada com os sujeitos em pé, realizando um teste de 90 segundos para as quatro condições sensoriais: olhos abertos e fechados nas superfícies estável e instável. RESULTADOS: Os sensores 1 e 2 apresentaram alta correlação cruzada em todas as condições sensoriais para ambos os grupos (r > 0.99; p < 0.001). Comparando a correlação cruzada entre os grupos, não foram observadas diferenças significativas. CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo apresentou uma importante ferramenta na análise de oscilação postural e na avaliação das estratégias posturais de jovens e idosos em diferentes condições sensoriais. Os jovens e idosos apresentaram uma forte correlação entre os sensores (estratégia do tornozelo), porém, não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os grupos.
One resorts to various postural strategies while attempting to maintain balance. OBJECTIVE: To assess the postural strategies adopted by young and elderly subjects in varying sensory conditions by using a system of tridimensional electromagnetic sensors positioned on the projection of the first thoracic vertebra and on the sacral region. Postural oscillation values for young and elderly subjects were also reported. METHOD: This observational cross-sectional study enrolled 25 young and 16 elderly individuals. A PolhemusTM device equipped with two sensors was used to assess postural oscillation parameters (maximum displacement, mean velocity, and trajectory). Data acquisition was carried out with subjects standing while undergoing a 90-second test in four sensory conditions: eyes opened, eyes closed, on a stable surface, and on an unstable surface. RESULTS: Sensors 1 and 2 presented significant cross-correlations in all sensory conditions for both groups (r > 0.99; p < 0.001). No statistically significant differences were seen when the cross-correlations for both groups were compared. CONCLUSION: This study presented an important tool to analyze postural oscillation and assess the postural strategies of young and elderly subjects in different sensory conditions. Young and elderly individuals presented strong correlations between sensors (ankle strategy), but no statistically significant differences were seen between groups.
Asunto(s)
Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Campos Electromagnéticos , Equilibrio Postural/fisiología , Estudios Transversales , Proyectos Piloto , Reproducibilidad de los ResultadosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the subjective visual vertical in patients with bilateral vestibular dysfunction and to propose a new method to analyze subjective visual vertical data in these patients. METHODS: Static subjective visual vertical tests were performed in 40 subjects split into two groups. Group A consisted of 20 healthy volunteers, and Group B consisted of 20 patients with bilateral vestibular dysfunction. Each patient performed six measurements of the subjective visual vertical test, and the mean values were calculated and analyzed. RESULTS: Analyses of the numerical values of subjective visual vertical deviations (the conventional method of analysis) showed that the mean deviation was 0.326±1.13º in Group A and 0.301±1.87º in Group B. However, by analyzing the absolute values of the subjective visual vertical (the new method of analysis proposed), the mean deviation became 1.35±0.48º in Group A and 2.152±0.93º in Group B. The difference in subjective visual vertical deviations between groups was statistically significant (p<0.05) only when the absolute values and the range of deviations were considered. CONCLUSION: An analysis of the absolute values of the subjective visual vertical more accurately reflected the visual vertical misperception in patients with bilateral vestibular dysfunction.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Vestibulares/fisiopatología , Pruebas de Función Vestibular/métodos , Percepción Visual/fisiología , Adulto , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Equilibrio Postural/fisiología , Valores de Referencia , Percepción Espacial/fisiología , Enfermedades Vestibulares/diagnóstico , Vestíbulo del Laberinto/fisiopatologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the subjective visual vertical in patients with bilateral vestibular dysfunction and to propose a new method to analyze subjective visual vertical data in these patients. METHODS: Static subjective visual vertical tests were performed in 40 subjects split into two groups. Group A consisted of 20 healthy volunteers, and Group B consisted of 20 patients with bilateral vestibular dysfunction. Each patient performed six measurements of the subjective visual vertical test, and the mean values were calculated and analyzed. RESULTS: Analyses of the numerical values of subjective visual vertical deviations (the conventional method of analysis) showed that the mean deviation was 0.326±1.13º in Group A and 0.301±1.87º in Group B. However, by analyzing the absolute values of the subjective visual vertical (the new method of analysis proposed), the mean deviation became 1.35±0.48º in Group A and 2.152±0.93º in Group B. The difference in subjective visual vertical deviations between groups was statistically significant (p,<0.05) only when the absolute values and the range of deviations were considered. CONCLUSION: An analysis of the absolute values of the subjective visual vertical more accurately reflected the visual vertical misperception in patients with bilateral vestibular dysfunction.
Asunto(s)
Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedades Vestibulares/fisiopatología , Pruebas de Función Vestibular/métodos , Percepción Visual/fisiología , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Equilibrio Postural/fisiología , Valores de Referencia , Percepción Espacial/fisiología , Enfermedades Vestibulares/diagnóstico , Vestíbulo del Laberinto/fisiopatologíaRESUMEN
O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a influência da obesidade e da força de preensão palmar (FPP) no equilíbrio postural estático de idosas ativas nas condições de olhos abertos e fechados. Participaram 31 idosas (16 eutróficas e 15 obesas). A idade média e o Índice de Massa Corpórea (IMC) das eutróficas foram, respectivamente, 68,3±2,7 anos e 23,4±1,6kg/m², e das obesas 69,1±2,7 anos e 33,5±3kg/m². A FPP foi avaliada usando um dinamômetro (JAMAR). O equilíbrio postural estático foi avaliado usando um sistema tridimensional nas condições de olhos abertos (OA) e fechados (OF), durante 90 segundos cada condição. A FPP das idosas eutróficas foi 25,1±4,6kgf e das obesas foi 24,8±5,2kgf, não havendo diferenças significativas. No equilíbrio postural, foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os grupos apenas no deslocamento máximo a-p com AO (p=0,04) e OF (p<0,01), com as idosas obesas apresentando menor deslocamento a-p em relação às eutróficas. Não houve correlação entre o deslocamento máximo a-p com IMC e a FPP. No presente estudo FPP não influenciou o equilíbrio postural estático, enquanto a obesidade foi fator determinante de menor deslocamento ântero-posterior de idosas ativas.
The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of the obesity and handgrip strength on the static balance of active older women in the opened and closed eyes conditions. Thirty one women aged from 65 to 75 years (16 eutrophic and 15 obese) were evaluated. Mean age and BMI of the eutrophic women were, respectively, 68.3±2.7 years and 23.4±1.6kg/m², and of the obese women were 69.1±2.7 years and 33.5±3kg/m². Handgrip strength was evaluated using a dynamometer (JAMAR). A tridimensional sensors system was used to evaluate the static postural balance. The tests were performed for 90 seconds, with eyes opened and closed. The mean handgrip strength of the eutrophic women was 25.1±4.6kgf and of the obese women was 24.8±5.2kgf, (p>0,05). Significant differences between groups were only observed in the maximum displacement with opened eyes (p=0,04) and closed eyes(p<0,01). There was no correlation between the maximum displacement neither with the BMI or the handgrip strength. The present study showed smaller a-p displacement in obese than in eutrophic women, with major statistic difference in the eyes closed condition. In the present study, the handgrip strength did not influence the static balance, however the obesity was a determinant factor for the smaller a-p displacement of the active older women.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Anciano , Anciano , Fuerza Muscular/fisiología , Obesidad , Equilibrio PosturalRESUMEN
INTRODUÇÃO: A abdominoplastia é uma das cirurgias estéticas mais realizadas e, como qualquer outro ato cirúrgico, está sujeita a inúmeras complicações, entre as quais os fenômenos tromboembólicos. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a incidência de complicações em uma série consecutiva de abdominoplastias, fatores de risco e a eficácia de dois protocolos de prevenção para tromboembolia. MÉTODO: Estudo retrospectivo de 563 abdominoplastias, isoladas ou não, realizadas entre março de 2008 e abril de 2011, que receberam dois protocolos de profilaxia de tromboembolismo diferentes: o farmacológico, com emprego de enoxaparina (357 pacientes), e o mecânico, com compressão pneumática intermitente (206 pacientes). RESULTADOS: Dentre os 563 pacientes, 4 (0,7%) eram do sexo masculino (0,7%) e 559 (99,3%), do sexo feminino. Foram submetidos a abdominoplastia isolada 201 (35,7%) pacientes, enquanto 362 (64,3%) foram submetidos a abdominoplastia associada a algum outro procedimento. Os grupos com profilaxia farmacológica e mecânica tinham fatores de risco e características demográficas e clínicas semelhantes. A incidência de complicações no grupo farmacológico em relação ao grupo mecânico foi de: hematoma, 5,6% e 10,7%; infecção, 2,2% e 2,4%; deiscência, 3,1% e 1,9%; seroma, 2,2% e 2,4%; e trombose venosa profunda/tromboembolia pulmonar, 0,6% e 0,5%. Nenhuma complicação apresentou diferença estatística significante entre os grupos. CONCLUSÕES: A taxa de complicações em 563 casos consecutivos de abdominoplastia foi semelhante à da literatura. A eficácia da profilaxia tromboembólica em abdominoplastia é a mesma observada com a utilização de métodos farmacológicos e mecânicos isoladamente.
BACKGROUND: Abdominoplasty is a common cosmetic surgery and is subject to the same complications as any surgical procedure, including thromboembolic phenomena. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of complications in consecutive abdominoplasties performed over a 3-year period, to identify risk factors for the complications, and to compare the efficacy of two protocols for prevention of thromboembolism. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted of 563 patients who underwent isolated abdominoplasty or abdominoplasty combined with additional cosmetic surgeries between March 2008 and April 2011. All patients received thromboembolism prophylaxis using either pharmacological (enoxaparin; 357 patients) or mechanical (intermittent pneumatic compression, IPC; 206 patients) protocols. RESULTS: Of the 563 patients studied, 4 (0.7%) were male (0.7%) and 559 (99.3%) were female. The patients underwent isolated abdominoplasty (201; 35.7%) or abdominoplasty combined with other procedures (362; 64.3%). The patient groups receiving pharmacological and mechanical prophylaxis presented similar demographic and clinical characteristics and had similar risk factors for thromboembolic events. The incidence of complications in the patient groups undergoing pharmacological versus mechanical prophylaxis were: hematoma (5.6% vs. 10.7%), infection (2.2% vs. 2.4%), dehiscence (3.1% vs. 1.9%), seroma (2.2% vs. 2.4%), and deep vein thrombosis/pulmonary embolism (0.6% vs. 0.5%). There were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of complications between the two groups. CONCLUSION: The incidence of complications in 563 consecutive cases of abdominoplasty was similar to that reported in the literature. The pharmacological and mechanical protocols for thromboembolic prophylaxis in abdominoplasty were equally effective.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Abdomen/cirugía , Estética , Cirugía Plástica , Tromboembolia/prevención & control , Trombosis de la Vena/prevención & control , Métodos , Pacientes , MétodosRESUMEN
Pusher behavior (PB) is a disorder of postural control affecting patients with encephalic lesions. This study has aimed to identify the brain substrates that are critical for the occurrence of PB, to analyze the influence of the midline shift (MS) and hemorrhagic stroke volume (HSV) on the severity and prognosis of the PB. We identified 31 pusher patients of a neurological unit, mean age 67.4±11.89, 61.3 percent male. Additional neurological and functional examinations were assessed. Neuroimaging workup included measurement of the MS, the HSV in patients with hemorrhagic stroke, the analysis of the vascular territory, etiology and side of the lesion. Lesions in the parietal region (p=0.041) and thalamus (p=0.001) were significantly more frequent in PB patients. Neither the MS nor the HSV were correlated with the PB severity or recovery time.
A síndrome do empurrador (SE) é um distúrbio de controle postural que acomete indivíduos com lesões encefálicas. Os objetivos deste estudo foram identificar as estruturas encefálicas envolvidas na SE, analisar a influência dos desvios de linha média (DLM) e volume do hematoma (VH) na gravidade e duração da SE. Dentre os pacientes internados na enfermaria de neurologia, foram identificados 31 pacientes com SE, idade média 67,4±11,89, 61,3 por cento homens. Foram realizados exames neurológico e funcional. As análises das neuroimagens incluíram medidas de VH em pacientes com doença cerebrovascular (DC) hemorrágica, DLM, análise do território vascular, etiologia e lado da lesão. Lesão nas regiões parietal (p=0,041) e talâmica (p=0,001) foram significativamente mais frequentes nos pacientes com SE. Não foi observada correlação dos DLM e volume do hematoma com a gravidade e duração da SE.
Asunto(s)
Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Lesiones Encefálicas/complicaciones , Neoplasias Encefálicas/complicaciones , Hemorragias Intracraneales/complicaciones , Equilibrio Postural/fisiología , Trastornos de la Sensación/etiología , Accidente Cerebrovascular/complicaciones , Lesiones Encefálicas/fisiopatología , Neoplasias Encefálicas/fisiopatología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Estudios de Seguimiento , Hemorragias Intracraneales/fisiopatología , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Neuroimagen , Estudios Prospectivos , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Síndrome , Trastornos de la Sensación/fisiopatología , Accidente Cerebrovascular/fisiopatología , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
Pusher behavior (PB) is a disorder of postural control affecting patients with encephalic lesions. This study has aimed to identify the brain substrates that are critical for the occurrence of PB, to analyze the influence of the midline shift (MS) and hemorrhagic stroke volume (HSV) on the severity and prognosis of the PB. We identified 31 pusher patients of a neurological unit, mean age 67.4 ± 11.89, 61.3% male. Additional neurological and functional examinations were assessed. Neuroimaging workup included measurement of the MS, the HSV in patients with hemorrhagic stroke, the analysis of the vascular territory, etiology and side of the lesion. Lesions in the parietal region (p=0.041) and thalamus (p=0.001) were significantly more frequent in PB patients. Neither the MS nor the HSV were correlated with the PB severity or recovery time.
Asunto(s)
Lesiones Encefálicas/complicaciones , Neoplasias Encefálicas/complicaciones , Hemorragias Intracraneales/complicaciones , Equilibrio Postural/fisiología , Trastornos de la Sensación/etiología , Accidente Cerebrovascular/complicaciones , Anciano , Lesiones Encefálicas/fisiopatología , Neoplasias Encefálicas/fisiopatología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Hemorragias Intracraneales/fisiopatología , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Neuroimagen , Estudios Prospectivos , Trastornos de la Sensación/fisiopatología , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Accidente Cerebrovascular/fisiopatología , Síndrome , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
UNLABELLED: Early detection of postural disorders is essential for timely interventions in patients with imbalance. AIM: A pilot study describing a new tool for evaluating static postural balance. STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional study of a contemporary series. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Twenty-five volunteers (15 women and 10 men) were evaluated. The mean age was 25.8 ± 4.2 years, the mean weight was 63.9 ± 13.1Kg, the mean height was 1.68 ± 0.08 m and the body mass index was 22.3±3.3kg/m2. Posturography was done by analysing postural sway with an electromagnetic system; a sensor was attached to the skin over the spinous process of the first thoracic vertebra. Tests were carried out with the subjects in the orthostatic position for 90 seconds, with eyes opened(EO) and closed(EC) on stable and unstable surfaces. RESULTS: When the influence of the surface was analyzed (stable x unstable) in the EO condition, there were significant differences in the middle-lateral parameters (m-l) (p=0.004) and total path (p=0.01), and in the m-l (p=0.004) and total (p=0.014) speed. In the EC condition, there were significant differences in all parameters (p<0.001). The influence of the vision was observed in all parameters only on unstable surfaces (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The new tool was efficient for analysing postural sway.
Asunto(s)
Diagnóstico por Computador/métodos , Equilibrio Postural/fisiología , Postura/fisiología , Adulto , Estudios Transversales , Campos Electromagnéticos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Movimiento/fisiología , Proyectos Piloto , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Factores de Tiempo , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
A detecção precoce de distúrbios posturais é fundamental para a promoção de intervenções adequadas para pacientes com desequilíbrios. OBJETIVO: Este é um estudo piloto que descreve uma nova ferramenta para avaliação do equilíbrio postural estático. FORMA DE ESTUDO: Coorte contemporânea com corte transversal. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Foram avaliados 25 voluntários (15 mulheres e 10 homens). Idade média de 25,8±4,2anos, peso 63,9±13,1Kg, estatura 1,68±0,08m e índice de massa corporal 22,3±3,3kg/m2. A posturografia foi realizada por meio da análise de oscilação postural utilizando um equipamento eletromagnético com um sensor fixado sobre o processo espinhoso da 1ª vértebra torácica. Os testes foram realizados com os sujeitos na posição ortostática durante 90 segundos, para as condições de olhos abertos (OA) e fechados (OF) em superfície estável e instável. RESULTADOS: Quando analisada a influência da superfície (estável x instável) para o equilíbrio postural na condição OA, foram observadas diferenças significativas nos parâmetros de trajetória médio-lateral (m-l) (p=0.004) e total (p=0.014) e de velocidade m-l (p=0.004) e total (p=0.014). Na condição OF, foram observadas diferenças significativas em todos os parâmetros estudados (p<0.001). Houve influência da visão em todos os parâmetros apenas na superfície instável (p<0.05). CONCLUSÃO: A ferramenta utilizada se mostrou eficaz para a análise da oscilação postural.
Early detection of postural disorders is essential for timely interventions in patients with imbalance. AIM: A pilot study describing a new tool for evaluating static postural balance. STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional study of a contemporary series. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Twenty-five volunteers (15 women and 10 men) were evaluated. The mean age was 25.8 ± 4.2 years, the mean weight was 63.9 ± 13.1Kg, the mean height was 1.68 ± 0.08 m and the body mass index was 22.3±3.3kg/m2. Posturography was done by analysing postural sway with an electromagnetic system; a sensor was attached to the skin over the spinous process of the first thoracic vertebra. Tests were carried out with the subjects in the orthostatic position for 90 seconds, with eyes opened(EO) and closed(EC) on stable and unstable surfaces. RESULTS: When the influence of the surface was analyzed (stable x unstable) in the EO condition, there were significant differences in the middle-lateral parameters (m-l) (p=0.004) and total path (p=0.01), and in the m-l (p=0.004) and total (p=0.014) speed. In the EC condition, there were significant differences in all parameters (p<0.001). The influence of the vision was observed in all parameters only on unstable surfaces (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The new tool was efficient for analysing postural sway.
Asunto(s)
Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Joven , Diagnóstico por Computador/métodos , Equilibrio Postural/fisiología , Postura/fisiología , Estudios Transversales , Campos Electromagnéticos , Movimiento/fisiología , Proyectos Piloto , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
INTRODUÇÃO: Disfunções no sistema vestibular são responsáveis por diversos sintomas como a tontura, vertigem e desequilíbrio, podendo estar associado ou não a outros sinais e sintomas. As disfunções centrais manifestam sintomas muito semelhantes aos das lesões periféricas, mas podem ser diferenciados por algumas características específicas como direção e duração do nistagmo. Tais sensações experimentadas pelos indivíduos acometidos causam um grande desconforto levando-os à restrição de movimentos, reduzindo sua participação em atividades domésticas e sociais. Os exercícios da reabilitação vestibular visam reduzir tais sintomas a fim de melhorar o equilíbrio e a estabilidade postural do indivíduo durante a realização das atividades previamente abandonadas. Para elaborar um programa de reabilitação vestibular é necessária uma avaliação completa e abrangente com o objetivo de encontrar as disfunções responsáveis pelo desequilíbrio postural e, consequentemente, planejar um tratamento adequado e eficaz. OBJETIVO: O objetivo do presente estudo foi revisar artigos existentes na literatura que descrevem testes, escalas e questionários usados para avaliação do equilíbrio postural e elaborar um roteiro de avaliação para pacientes com desequilíbrio postural. METODOLOGIA: Este trabalho revisou e analisou os testes, escalas e dados quantitativos para avaliação do equilíbrio postural. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÃO: A partir desta análise foi proposto e elaborado um roteiro de avaliação para pacientes com distúrbio do equilíbrio postural que engloba desde a história do paciente até a reabilitação de testes específicos.
INTRODUCTION: Vestibular dysfunctions are responsible for many symptoms like dizziness, vertigo and posture imbalance, associated or not with other symptoms. Central vestibular dysfunction can cause symptoms that are similar to the ones caused by peripheral lesions, although they can be distinguished by specific characteristics such as the nystagmus direction and duration. These sensations that some injured people feel cause a wide distress leading to movements limitation, reducing their social and domestics activities participation. Exercises for vestibular rehabilitation tend to reduce the symptoms, improving the postural balance and stability during the activities previously abandoned. To elaborate a vestibular rehabilitation program a complete and contained evaluation is necessary to be able to focus in the principal problem and devise an adequate and effective treatment. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to review articles in the literature that describes tests, scales and questionnaires used to evaluate the postural stability and elaborate an evaluating protocol for patients with postural imbalance. METHODS: This study reviewed and analyzed the evaluating methods found in the literature for the last 15 years and verified if they could quantify the patients data and symptoms. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Based on this analysis, an evaluating protocol for patients with postural stability dysfunction was elaborated that approaches the patients history and specific tests.