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RESUMO Objetivo: analisar necessidades dos adolescentes vivenciando o cancro parental. Método: estudo qualitativo exploratório e descritivo. Coleta de dados foi realizada através de entrevistas semiestruturadas em 2021. Amostra de conveniência foi composta por adolescentes dos 14-19 anos, com pais com doença oncológica na fase de tratamento, acompanhados em um hospital oncológico português. Tratamento de dados foi realizado com recurso à análise de conteúdo. Resultados: da análise das 13 entrevistas, emergiram cinco domínios: Confronto com a doença; Conhecimento sobre a doença; Experiências anteriores com a doença oncológica; Vivência do cancro parental; e Alterações somáticas. Os resultados evidenciam que os adolescentes vivenciando cancro parental apresentam necessidades emocionais, educacionais e psicossociais. Conclusão: este estudo permitiu conhecer as necessidades dos adolescentes, compreendendo as dificuldades sentidas e os desafios que a experiência acarreta. Os resultados permitirão sustentar o desenho de um programa de intervenção de enfermagem para a díade que vivencia o cancro parental.

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the needs of adolescents experiencing parental cancer. Method: an exploratory and descriptive qualitative study. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews in 2021. The convenience sample was composed of adolescents aged 14-19, with parents with oncological disease in the treatment phase, followed in a Portuguese oncology hospital. Data processing was carried out using content analysis. Results: from the analysis of the 13 interviews, five domains emerged: Coping with the disease; Knowledge about the disease; Previous experiences with the oncological disease; Experiencing parental cancer; and Somatic changes. The results show that adolescents experiencing parental cancer have emotional, educational and psychosocial needs. Conclusion: this study allowed us to understand adolescents' needs, understanding the difficulties experienced and the challenges that the experience entails. The results will support the design of a nursing intervention program for the dyad experiencing parental cancer.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar las necesidades de los adolescentes que experimentan cáncer en sus padres. Método: estudio cualitativo exploratorio y descriptivo. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas en 2021. La muestra por conveniencia estuvo compuesta por adolescentes de 14 a 19 años, con padres con enfermedad oncológica en fase de tratamiento, seguidos en un hospital oncológico portugués. El procesamiento de los datos se realizó mediante análisis de contenido. Resultados: del análisis de las 13 entrevistas surgieron cinco dominios: Enfrentamiento a la enfermedad; Conocimiento sobre la enfermedad; Experiencias previas con la enfermedad oncológica; Experiencia del cáncer de los padres; y Cambios somáticos. Los resultados muestran que los adolescentes que padecen cáncer en sus padres tienen necesidades emocionales, educativas y psicosociales. Conclusión: este estudio permitió comprender las necesidades de los adolescentes, comprendiendo las dificultades vividas y los desafíos que conlleva la experiencia. Los resultados apoyarán el diseño de un programa de intervención de enfermería para la díada que sufre cáncer en sus padres.

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INTRODUCTION: Parental cancer is the experience of cancer at an early age in adulthood in people with dependent children, leading to changes in parent-child interaction, family dynamics, the performance of the parental role and socio-economic difficulties. OBJECTIVE: To analyze parents' perspectives who are undergoing cancer treatment to understand the impact this has on their parental role. METHODOLOGY: Qualitative study. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews based on a structured script founded on the Betty Neuman Model. The sample consisted of cancer patients in the treatment phase, with different types of cancer, monitored in a Portuguese cancer hospital, with teenage children aged 14 to 19. Data analysis was carried out using content analysis according to Bardin. The ethical assumptions associated with the study were safeguarded. RESULTS: From the analysis of the 13 interviews carried out, the domain Experience of parental cancer emerged, with two categories "Everything changed in us: the cancer diagnosis" and "Life goes on: repercussions of parental cancer on parent-child interaction" and respective subcategories. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated the implications of the diagnosis of cancer and the repercussions of parental cancer on parent-child interaction. The results will support the design of a nursing intervention program for the dyad experiencing parental cancer.

INTRODUCCIÓN: El cáncer parental comprende la vivencia del cáncer en edades tempranas de la vida adulta, en personas con hijos dependientes, provocando cambios en la interacción padres-hijos, dinámica familiar, desempeño del rol parental y dificultades socioeconómicas. OBJETIVO: Analizar la perspectiva de los padres sometidos a tratamiento contra el cáncer para comprender el impacto en el rol parental. METODOLOGÍA: Estudio cualitativo. La recolección de datos se realizó a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas, a partir de un guión estructurado, basado en el modelo de Betty Neuman. La muestra estuvo compuesta por pacientes oncológicos en fase de tratamiento, con diferentes tipos de cáncer, seguidos en un hospital oncológico portugués, con hijos adolescentes entre 14 y 19 años. El análisis de datos se realizó mediante análisis de contenido según Bardin. Se salvaguardaron los supuestos éticos inherentes a la realización del estudio. RESULTADOS: Del análisis de las 13 entrevistas realizadas surgió el dominio Experimentar el cáncer de los padres, con dos categorías "Todo ha cambiado en nosotros: el diagnóstico del cáncer" y "La vida continúa: repercusiones del cáncer de los padres en la interacción padres-hijos" y sus respectivas subcategorías. CONCLUSIÓN: Este estudio destacó las implicaciones que existen al diagnosticar una enfermedad oncológica y las repercusiones del cáncer de los padres en la interacción entre padres e hijos. Los resultados apoyarán la construcción del diseño de un programa de intervención de enfermería para la díada que experimenta cáncer parental.

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Objetivo: Vincular o conteúdo da Avaliação Geriátrica Ampla (AGA) de um centro de referência na saúde da pessoa idosa com a Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF) e apresentar seu Conjunto Básico de categorias da CIF. Método: A AGA foi vinculada à CIF por dois especialistas, treinados de acordo com as regras de vinculação estabelecidas. A concordância entre os especialistas foi determinada com base no índice kappa de Cohen. Resultados: A concordância entre os especialistas foi considerada perfeita para cada domínio da CIF (k= 0,91; p<0,00; concordância= 93,32%). A AGA continha 419 itens, sendo que 106 não puderam ser vinculados à CIF, por estarem associados a condições de saúde ou não se enquadrarem nas categorias da CIF. Foi verificado que 313 estavam ligados aos domínios da CIF e que 181 (60,13%) estavam relacionados às funções do corpo, 18 (5,98%) às estruturas do corpo, 73 (24,258%) à atividade e participação, 30 (9,97%) a fatores ambientais e 11 (3,51%) aos fatores pessoais. Conclusões: A CIF pode ser inserida em contextos específicos dos serviços de saúde sendo viável a vinculação da CIF com formulários elaborados pelos próprios serviços de saúde. A correspondência entre um instrumento de avaliação geriátrico e a CIF potencializa discussões de casos, planos terapêuticos e cuidado continuado. A dinâmica do processo de cuidado padronizado pela CIF pode facilitar a ampliação do cuidado e estabelecimento de metas terapêuticas que ultrapassem o contexto do serviço e alcancem a esfera familiar e social.

Objective: Linking the content of the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) of a reference center for the health of the elderly with the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and present its Basic Set of ICF codes. Method: The AGA were linked to the ICF by two specialists, trained according to the established linking rules. Agreement between the health professionals was determined based on Cohen's kappa index. Results: The agreement between the two health professionals was considered perfect for each ICF domain (k= 0.91; p<0.00; agreement= 93.32%). The AGA contained 419 items, 106 of which could not be linked to the ICF, as they were associated with health conditions or did not fit into any category. It was found that 313 were linked to the ICF domains and that 181 (60.13%) were related to body functions, 18 (5.98%) to body structures, 73 (24.258%) to activity and participation, 30 (9.97%) to environmental factors and 11 (3.51%) to personal factors. Conclusions: The ICF can be inserted in specific contexts of health services, making it feasible to link the ICF with forms prepared by the health services themselves. The correspondence between a geriatric assessment instrument and the ICF enhances case discussions, therapeutic plans and continued care. The dynamics of the care process standardized by the ICF can facilitate the expansion of care and the establishment of therapeutic goals that go beyond the context of the service and reach the family and social sphere.

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OBJECTIVE: To determine if the use of lubricating gel on the speculum during the cervicovaginal cytology examination interferes with the results obtained, as well as whether it reduces reported discomfort in patients. DATA SOURCES: A systematic review was carried out according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations, with a search in the Pubmed/Medline, Scielo, Cochrane Library, Embase databases of articles published between January 2011 and May 2022. The keywords used were cytology, speculum, lubricant, result, and pain. SELECTION OF STUDIES: The initial search resulted in 306 articles, of which were excluded three because they were duplicates, 257 after reading the title and abstract and 41 after reading the full text. Thus, five articles were selected for the study: four randomized clinical trials and one metanalysis. DATA COLLECTION: The selection of articles was performed by two investigators. The 5 selected articles were read in full and submitted to a comparative analysis. DATA SYNTHESIS: Screening through cervicovaginal cytology allows for early diagnosis and reduction of associated mortality, but the procedure can be associated with pain. A small amount of aqueous lubricating gel in the speculum can be used to reduce the discomfort associated with performing cervicovaginal cytology. CONCLUSION: The use of lubricating gel in the speculum does not seem to be associated with a change in the cytology result and reduces the discomfort associated with its insertion into the vagina.

OBJETIVO: Determinar se o uso de gel lubrificante no espéculo durante o exame de citologia cervicovaginal interfere com os resultados obtidos e se diminui o desconforto relatado por pacientes. FONTES DE DADOS: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática segundo as recomendações do Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), com pesquisa nas bases de dados Pubmed/Medline, Scielo, Cochrane Library, Embase, de artigos publicados entre janeiro de 2011 e julho de 2022. Utilizaram-se as palavras-chave citologia, espéculo, lubrificante, resultado e dor. SELEçãO DOS ESTUDOS: A pesquisa inicial resultou em 306 artigos, dos quais foram excluídos três por se encontrarem duplicados, 257 após a leitura do título e do resumo e 41 após a leitura integral. Assim, foram selecionados cinco artigos para o estudo: quatro ensaios clínicos aleatorizados e uma metanálise. COLETA DE DADOS: A seleção dos artigos foi realizada por dois investigadores. Os cinco artigos selecionados foram lidos na íntegra e submetidos a uma análise comparativa. SíNTESE DOS DADOS: O rastreio através da citologia cervicovaginal permite um diagnóstico precoce e redução da mortalidade associada, mas a sua realização pode estar associada a dor. Uma pequena quantidade de gel lubrificante aquoso pode ser utilizada no espéculo para diminuir o desconforto associado à realização da citologia cervicovaginal. CONCLUSãO: A utilização de gel lubrificante não está associada a alteração do resultado da citologia e diminui o desconforto associado à sua introdução na vagina.

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Wide bandgap oxidized graphenes have garnered particular interest among the materials explored for these applications because of their exceptional semiconducting and optical properties. This study aims to investigate the tunability of the related properties in reduced graphene oxide (rGO) for potential use in energy conversion, storage, and optoelectronic devices. To accomplish this, we scrutinized crucial parameters of the synthesis process such as reduction time and temperature. Our findings demonstrate that controlling these parameters makes it possible to customize the optical bandgap of reduced graphene oxide within a range of roughly 2.2 eV-1.6 eV. Additionally, we observed that reduced graphene oxide has strong and superior absorption in the visible region, which is attributable to the existence of OFGs and defects. Notably, our results indicate that the absorption coefficients of reduced graphene oxide are up to almost three times higher (7426 ml mg-1 m-1) than those observed in dispersions of exfoliated graphene and graphene oxide (GO). To complement our findings, we employed several spectroscopic and morphological characterizations, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and electrical measurements. The implications of our results are significant for the development and design of future semiconductors for energy conversion and optoelectronic applications.

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ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia is defined as a slow, progressive, and apparently inevitable process of involuntary loss of muscle mass, strength, and quality, which occurs with advancing age. It is widely accepted that sarcopenia can directly affect quality of life. OBJECTIVE: Translate, adapt and validate the "Sarcopenia and Quality of Life" instrument (SarQoL) to the Brazilian context. DESIGN AND SETTINGS: Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and validation study carried out at the Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: The population consisted of 221 older adult participants. The steps recommended by the guidelines from the authors of the original instrument were followed sequentially: initial translation, synthesis of translations, backward translation, evaluation by a panel of judges, pre-test, and analysis of psychometric properties. The translation and adaptation process was conducted as recommended. RESULTS: Two hundred and twenty-one participants took part in the step analysis of the psychometric properties of SarQoL, in which 55 presented sarcopenia. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the total SarQoL questionnaire was 0.976, indicating excellent internal consistency. Excellent agreements between the test and retest with an Interclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) of 0.983 (95% confidence interval: 0.901-0.996) were observed in the SarQoL domains. The domains of Short-Form 36 and EuroQoL 5-dimension showed significant correlation, from moderate to strong magnitude, with SarQoL total score, indicating convergent validity. CONCLUSION: The Brazilian version of SarQoL presented evidence of reliability and validity.

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BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia is defined as a slow, progressive, and apparently inevitable process of involuntary loss of muscle mass, strength, and quality, which occurs with advancing age. It is widely accepted that sarcopenia can directly affect quality of life. OBJECTIVE: Translate, adapt and validate the "Sarcopenia and Quality of Life" instrument (SarQoL) to the Brazilian context. DESIGN AND SETTINGS: Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and validation study carried out at the Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: The population consisted of 221 older adult participants. The steps recommended by the guidelines from the authors of the original instrument were followed sequentially: initial translation, synthesis of translations, backward translation, evaluation by a panel of judges, pre-test, and analysis of psychometric properties. The translation and adaptation process was conducted as recommended. RESULTS: Two hundred and twenty-one participants took part in the step analysis of the psychometric properties of SarQoL, in which 55 presented sarcopenia. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the total SarQoL questionnaire was 0.976, indicating excellent internal consistency. Excellent agreements between the test and retest with an Interclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) of 0.983 (95% confidence interval: 0.901-0.996) were observed in the SarQoL domains. The domains of Short-Form 36 and EuroQoL 5-dimension showed significant correlation, from moderate to strong magnitude, with SarQoL total score, indicating convergent validity. CONCLUSION: The Brazilian version of SarQoL presented evidence of reliability and validity.

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Abstract Objective To determine if the use of lubricating gel on the speculum during the cervicovaginal cytology examination interferes with the results obtained, as well as whether it reduces reported discomfort in patients. Data sources A systematic review was carried out according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations, with a search in the Pubmed/Medline, Scielo, Cochrane Library, Embase databases of articles published between January 2011 and May 2022. The keywords used were cytology, speculum, lubricant, result, and pain. Selection of studies The initial search resulted in 306 articles, of which were excluded three because they were duplicates, 257 after reading the title and abstract and 41 after reading the full text. Thus, five articles were selected for the study: four randomized clinical trials and one metanalysis. Data collection The selection of articles was performed by two investigators. The 5 selected articles were read in full and submitted to a comparative analysis. Data synthesis Screening through cervicovaginal cytology allows for early diagnosis and reduction of associated mortality, but the procedure can be associated with pain. A small amount of aqueous lubricating gel in the speculum can be used to reduce the discomfort associated with performing cervicovaginal cytology. Conclusion The use of lubricating gel in the speculum does not seem to be associated with a change in the cytology result and reduces the discomfort associated with its insertion into the vagina.

Resumo Objetivo Determinar se o uso de gel lubrificante no espéculo durante o exame de citologia cervicovaginal interfere com os resultados obtidos e se diminui o desconforto relatado por pacientes. Fontes de dados Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática segundo as recomendações do Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), com pesquisa nas bases de dados Pubmed/Medline, Scielo, Cochrane Library, Embase, de artigos publicados entre janeiro de 2011 e julho de 2022. Utilizaram-se as palavras-chave citologia, espéculo, lubrificante, resultado e dor. Seleção dos estudos A pesquisa inicial resultou em 306 artigos, dos quais foram excluídos três por se encontrarem duplicados, 257 após a leitura do título e do resumo e 41 após a leitura integral. Assim, foram selecionados cinco artigos para o estudo: quatro ensaios clínicos aleatorizados e uma metanálise. Coleta de dados A seleção dos artigos foi realizada por dois investigadores. Os cinco artigos selecionados foram lidos na íntegra e submetidos a uma análise comparativa. Síntese dos dados O rastreio através da citologia cervicovaginal permite um diagnóstico precoce e redução da mortalidade associada, mas a sua realização pode estar associada a dor. Uma pequena quantidade de gel lubrificante aquoso pode ser utilizada no espéculo para diminuir o desconforto associado à realização da citologia cervicovaginal. Conclusão A utilização de gel lubrificante não está associada a alteração do resultado da citologia e diminui o desconforto associado à sua introdução na vagina.

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Objetivo Este estudo objetivou traduzir e adaptar culturalmente a COVID-19 Anxiety Scale para o contexto brasileiro. Método Trata-se de um estudo transversal e metodológico, que seguiu as seguintes etapas: tradução inicial, síntese das traduções, retrotradução, revisão por um comitê de especialistas e pré-teste. Resultados Inicialmente dois tradutores fizeram uma primeira tradução da COVID-19 Anxiety Scale para o português. Depois, estabeleceu-se a versão consensual, que foi retrotraduzida para o idioma inglês por outro tradutor. Posteriormente, as versões da COVID-19 Anxiety Scale foram revistas por oito especialistas. Após a análise, dois dos sete itens da escala foram modificados, obtendo--se a versão pré-final da COVID-19 Anxiety Scale. Por fim, essa última versão do instrumento foi pré-testada com 47 pessoas, que consideraram a escala clara e compreensível. Conclusão Conclui-se, portanto, que a COVID-19 Anxiety Scale foi adequadamente traduzida e adaptada para o contexto brasileiro e almeja-se dar seguimento à pesquisa para verificar evidências de validade da escala.

Objective This study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the COVID-19 Anxiety Scale for the Brazilian context. Method Cross-sectional and methodological study that encompassed the following stages: initial translation, synthesis of translations, back-translation, expert committee review, and pre-testing. Results The COVID-19 Anxiety Scale was initially translated into Portuguese by two translators. A consensus version was established and then back-translated into English by a different translator. Eight experts reviewed these versions, resulting in modifications to two of the seven scale items. This led to the creation of the pre-final version of the COVID-19 Anxiety Scale. Finally, the pre-testing of this version was conducted with 47 individuals, who found the scale to be clear and understandable. Conclusion In conclusion, the COVID-19 Anxiety Scale was adequately translated and culturally adapted for the Brazilian context, and further research is intended to verify evidence of the scale's validity.

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RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o estadio motivacional para a mudança de comportamento nos adolescentes com excesso de peso, e verificar as relações existentes entre variáveis Método: investigação descritiva, exploratória e correlacional. Participaram 47 adolescentes seguidos numa consulta de obesidade, em Portugal. Dados obtidos entre maio e setembro de 2018, através de um questionário constituído pela escala University of Rhode Island Change Assessment Scale que avalia a motivação para a mudança, e a escala Contour Drawing Rating Scale que avalia a satisfação com imagem corporal. Resultados: prevalência do sexo feminino n=33 (70,2%); idade média: 15,51 anos. Índice de Massa Corporal médio de 29,05 kg/m2. Relativamente à motivação para a mudança de comportamentos, a dimensão "pré-contemplação" é aquela que apresenta um valor médio mais elevado (X¯=21,95±2,39). Os adolescentes mais velhos que se encontravam no estadio de pré-contemplação e contemplação foram os que apresentaram maior motivação para a mudança de comportamentos. Conclusão: os adolescentes apresentaram na sua maioria insatisfação com a autoimagem e baixa motivação para a mudança de comportamentos, sendo o estadio motivacional pré-contemplação o mais prevalente. O conhecimento dos estadios motivacionais permite aos profissionais de saúde ajustar as estratégias de intervenção terapêutica mais adequadas a cada adolescente.

RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar el estadio motivacional para el cambio de comportamiento en los adolescentes con sobrepeso, y verificar las relaciones existentes entre variables. Método: investigación descriptiva, exploratoria y correlacional. Participaron 47 adolescentes seguidos en una consulta de obesidad, en Portugal. Datos obtenidos entre mayo y septiembre de 2018, a través de un cuestionario constituido por la escala University of Rhode Island Change Assessment Scale que evalúa la motivación para el cambio, y la escala Contour Drawing Rating Scale que evalúa la satisfacción con la imagen corporal. Resultados: prevalencia del sexo femenino n=33 (70,2%); promedio de edad: 15,51 años. Índice de Masa Corporal promedio de 29,05 kg/m2. En cuanto a la motivación para el cambio de comportamientos, la dimensión "precontemplación" es aquella que presenta un valor medio más elevado (X¯ =21,95±2,39). Los adolescentes más viejos que se encontraban en el estadio de precontemplación y contemplación fueron los que presentaron mayor motivación para el cambio de comportamientos. Conclusión: los adolescentes presentaron en su mayoría insatisfacción con la autoimagen y baja motivación para el cambio de comportamientos, siendo el estadio motivacional precontemplación el más prevalente. El conocimiento de los estadios motivacionales permite a los profesionales de salud ajustar las estrategias de intervención terapéutica más adecuadas a cada adolescente.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the motivational stage for behavior change in overweight adolescents and to verify the relationships between variables. Method: descriptive, exploratory and correlational investigation. Forty-seven adolescents participated in an obesity consultation in Portugal. Data obtained between May and September 2018, through a questionnaire consisting of the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment Scale that evaluates motivation for change, and the Contour Drawing Rating Scale that evaluates satisfaction with body image. Results: prevalence of females n=33 (70.2%); mean age: 15.51 years. Mean body mass index of 29.05 kg/m2. Regarding the motivation for behavior change, the "pre-conception" dimension is the one with a higher average value (X¯=21.95±2.39). The older adolescents who were in the pre-contemplation and contemplation stage were the ones who were more motivated to change behaviors. Conclusion: the adolescents presented mostly dissatisfaction with self-image and low motivation for behavior change, with the pre-contemplation motivational stage being the most prevalent. Knowledge of motivational stages allows health professionals to adjust the most appropriate therapeutic intervention strategies for each adolescent.

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OBJECTIVE: To describe and analyze the experience of an adolescent experiencing parental cancer, based on A Model of Children's Adjustment to Parental Cancer, and to prescribe nursing interventions in classified language. METHOD: This is a single case study, qualitative, of a 16-year-old adolescent experiencing maternal cancer. We analyzed a semi-structured interview, based on a script conceptualized by the selected theoretical model. Data processing took place through content analysis. Authorization was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee TI 25/2020. RESULTS: The analysis of the adolescent's interview allowed identifying categories in agreement with the model variables. Psychosocial adjustment dimensions and stress response symptoms, such as academic performance and somatic symptoms, were recognized in the adolescent's adjustment process. Nursing interventions will focus on education and support. CONCLUSION: The theoretical model contributed to assess the needs of adolescents experiencing parental cancer, allowing nursing interventions to be prescribed in classified language that consider moderating and mediating variables, promoting adjustment. The model proved to be suitable for future interventions for adolescents experiencing similar situations.

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ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Frailty is consensually understood to be a clinical syndrome in which minimal stressors can lead to negative outcomes such as hospitalization, early institutionalization, falls, functional loss and death. Frailty is more prevalent among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and those on dialysis are the frailest. Depression contributes towards putting patients with CKD into the frailty cycle. OBJECTIVE: To assess frailty and its relationship with depression among patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis. DESIGN AND SETTING: Observational and quantitative cross-sectional study conducted in a renal therapy unit, located in the interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: This investigation took place in 2019, among 80 patients. The following instruments were applied: a sociodemographic, economic and health condition characterization and the Subjective Frailty Assessment (SFA) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). RESULTS: Among the patients, there was higher prevalence of females, individuals with a steady partner and retirees, and their mean age was 59.63 (± 15.14) years. There was high prevalence of physical frailty (73.8%) and depression (93.7%). Depression was associated with frailty, such that patients with depression were 9.8 times more likely to be frail than were patients without depression (odds ratio, OR = 9.80; 95% confidence interval, CI, 1.93-49.79). CONCLUSION: Based on the proposed objective and the results achieved, it can be concluded that depression was associated with the presence of frailty among patients with CKD on hemodialysis.

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BACKGROUND: Frailty is consensually understood to be a clinical syndrome in which minimal stressors can lead to negative outcomes such as hospitalization, early institutionalization, falls, functional loss and death. Frailty is more prevalent among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and those on dialysis are the frailest. Depression contributes towards putting patients with CKD into the frailty cycle. OBJECTIVE: To assess frailty and its relationship with depression among patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis. DESIGN AND SETTING: Observational and quantitative cross-sectional study conducted in a renal therapy unit, located in the interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: This investigation took place in 2019, among 80 patients. The following instruments were applied: a sociodemographic, economic and health condition characterization and the Subjective Frailty Assessment (SFA) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). RESULTS: Among the patients, there was higher prevalence of females, individuals with a steady partner and retirees, and their mean age was 59.63 (± 15.14) years. There was high prevalence of physical frailty (73.8%) and depression (93.7%). Depression was associated with frailty, such that patients with depression were 9.8 times more likely to be frail than were patients without depression (odds ratio, OR = 9.80; 95% confidence interval, CI, 1.93-49.79). CONCLUSION: Based on the proposed objective and the results achieved, it can be concluded that depression was associated with the presence of frailty among patients with CKD on hemodialysis.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the level of loneliness and its relationship with socioeconomic and health conditions, social support, family functionality, and depressive symptoms in patients undergoing hemodialysis. This cross-sectional study involved analysis of a secondary data, collected in 2019 among 80 patients with CKD on hemodialysis. Participants completed the following instruments: socio-demographic, economic, and health condition characterization, UCLA Loneliness Scale, Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and the Family APGAR. On average, the sample was mostly female (55%), white (65%), and the mean age was 59.63 years. In the perception of loneliness, the highest index was (55%), moderately high. Social support scored the worst in the Positive Social Interaction domain. The prevalance of severe depression was approximately 29%. Family functioning was positive, with a good score (69%). There was a weak negative correlation between loneliness and all domains of Social Support, besides Family Functioning.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To describe and analyze the experience of an adolescent experiencing parental cancer, based on A Model of Children's Adjustment to Parental Cancer, and to prescribe nursing interventions in classified language. Method: This is a single case study, qualitative, of a 16-year-old adolescent experiencing maternal cancer. We analyzed a semi-structured interview, based on a script conceptualized by the selected theoretical model. Data processing took place through content analysis. Authorization was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee TI 25/2020. Results: The analysis of the adolescent's interview allowed identifying categories in agreement with the model variables. Psychosocial adjustment dimensions and stress response symptoms, such as academic performance and somatic symptoms, were recognized in the adolescent's adjustment process. Nursing interventions will focus on education and support. Conclusion: The theoretical model contributed to assess the needs of adolescents experiencing parental cancer, allowing nursing interventions to be prescribed in classified language that consider moderating and mediating variables, promoting adjustment. The model proved to be suitable for future interventions for adolescents experiencing similar situations.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Describir y analizar la experiencia de un adolescente con cáncer en los padres, a partir del Modelo Teórico de Adaptación del Adolescente al Cáncer en los Padres, y prescribir intervenciones de enfermería en lenguaje clasificado. Método: Estudio de caso único, cualitativo, de una adolescente de 16 años con cáncer materno. Se analizó una entrevista semiestructurada, a partir de un guión conceptualizado por el modelo teórico seleccionado. El procesamiento de datos se llevó a cabo a través del análisis de contenido. Se obtuvo autorización del Comité de Ética TI 25/2020. Resultados: El análisis de la entrevista adolescente permitió la identificación de categorías de acuerdo con las variables del modelo. En el proceso de ajuste del adolescente se reconocieron dimensiones de ajuste psicosocial y síntomas de respuesta al estrés, como rendimiento académico y síntomas somáticos. Las intervenciones de enfermería se centrarán en la educación y el apoyo. Conclusión: El modelo teórico contribuyó para evaluar las necesidades de los adolescentes que experimentan cáncer en los padres, permitiendo que las intervenciones de enfermería sean prescritas en un lenguaje clasificado que considere variables moderadoras y mediadoras, promoviendo el ajuste. El modelo demostró ser adecuado para futuras intervenciones con adolescentes en situaciones similares.

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever e analisar experiência de um adolescente a vivenciar cancro parental, fundamentado no Modelo Teórico do Ajuste dos Adolescentes ao Cancro Parental, e prescrever intervenções de enfermagem em linguagem classificada. Método: estudo de caso único, tipo qualitativo, de adolescente de 16 anos de idade a vivenciar cancro da mãe. Analisou-se uma entrevista semiestruturada, baseada em um roteiro concetualizado pelo modelo teórico selecionado. Tratamento de dados ocorreu através de análise de conteúdo. Obteve-se autorização da Comissão de Ética TI 25/2020. Resultados: a análise da entrevista do adolescente permitiu identificar categorias concordantes com as variáveis do modelo. As dimensões de ajuste psicossocial e sintomas de resposta ao estress, como performance acadêmica e sintomas somáticos, foram reconhecidas no processo de ajuste do adolescente. As intervenções de enfermagem serão focadas na educação e apoio. Conclusão o modelo teórico contribuiu para avaliar as necessidades do adolescente a vivenciar cancro parental, permitindo prescrever intervenções de enfermagem em linguagem classificada que considerem variáveis moderadoras e mediadoras, promovendo-se o ajuste. O modelo demonstrou ser adequado para futuras intervenções a adolescentes a experienciar situações semelhantes.

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ABSTRACT Objective to understand, in the light of Betty Neuman's Systems Model, the experience of a woman-mother with cancer, and identify the woman-mother's needs and prescribe nursing interventions in classified language. Method a qualitative case study of a woman-mother of a teenager experiencing cancer. Data collection carried out in Coimbra, Portugal, in 2021, through a semi-structured interview, supported by a script based on Betty Neuman's Systems Model. Data processing performed based on categorical content analysis. Results the analysis of a mother's speech made it possible to identify categories in agreement with the model variables: physiological, psychological, sociocultural, spiritual and developmental. The difficulties most expressed by the mother were fear, changes caused by the disease and parental role performance. The nursing diagnoses were defined based on the focuses "acceptance of health status", "fear", "parental role" and "family coping", associating them with the respective nursing interventions. Interventions focused on support and education. Conclusion the theoretical model contributed to understanding and identifying the needs of a mother experiencing parental cancer, facilitating the prescription of nursing interventions in classified language. The model proved to be relevant for future interventions in parents experiencing similar situations.

RESUMEN Objetivo comprender, a la luz del Modelo de Sistemas de Betty Neuman, la experiencia de una mujer-madre que vive una situación de cáncer, e identificar las necesidades de la mujer-madre y prescribir intervenciones de enfermería en lenguaje clasificado. Método estudio de caso cualitativo de una mujer-madre de un adolescente en proceso de cáncer. Recopilación de datos realizada en Coimbra, Portugal, en 2021, a través de una entrevista semiestructurada, apoyada en un guión basado en el Modelo Betty Neuman. El procesamiento de datos fue realizado en base al análisis de contenido categórico. Resultados el análisis del discurso de la madre permitió identificar categorías de acuerdo con las variables del modelo: fisiológicas, psicológicas, socioculturales, espirituales y de desarrollo. Las dificultades más expresadas por la madre fueron el miedo, los cambios provocados por la enfermedad y el desempeño del rol parental. Los diagnósticos de enfermería fueron definidos a partir de los enfoques "aceptación del estado de salud", "miedo", "rol de los padres" y "afrontamiento familiar", asociándolos a las respectivas intervenciones de enfermería. Las intervenciones centradas en el apoyo y la educación. Conclusión el modelo teórico contribuyó a la comprensión e identificación de las necesidades de las madres con cáncer parental, facilitando la prescripción de intervenciones de enfermería en lenguaje clasificado. El modelo demostró ser relevante para futuras intervenciones en padres que experimentan situaciones similares.

RESUMO Objetivo compreender à luz do Modelo de Sistemas de Betty Neuman, a experiência de uma mulher-mãe a vivenciar uma situação de cancro; identificar as necessidades da mulher-mãe e prescrever intervenções de enfermagem em linguagem classificada. Método estudo de caso do tipo qualitativo, de uma mulher-mãe de um adolescente, a vivenciar cancro. Colheita de dados realizada em Coimbra, Portugal, em 2021, através de entrevista semiestruturada, apoiada por um guião fundamentado no Modelo de Betty Neuman. Tratamento de dados realizado com base na análise de conteúdo categorial. Resultados a análise do discurso da mãe possibilitou identificar categorias concordantes com as variáveis do modelo: fisiológicas, psicológicas, socioculturais, espirituais e desenvolvimentais. As dificuldades mais expressas pela mãe foram o medo, alterações provocadas pela doença e o desempenho do papel parental. Os diagnósticos de enfermagem foram definidos com base nos focos "aceitação do estado de saúde", "medo", "papel parental" e "coping familiar", associando-os às respetivas intervenções de enfermagem. As intervenções focaram-se no apoio e na educação. Conclusão o modelo teórico contribuiu para compreender e identificar as necessidades da mãe a experienciar o cancro parental, facilitando a prescrição de intervenções de enfermagem em linguagem classificada. O modelo mostrou-se pertinente para futuras intervenções em pais a vivenciar situações semelhantes.

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Resumo Objetivos mapear programas de intervenção para crianças, adolescentes e pais, ou díade (doentes oncológicos e filhos) a vivenciar o cancro parental. Método scoping review segundo a metodologia recomendada pelo Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) e o Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews - Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Resultados foram identificados 29 programas de intervenção: 13 dirigidos à díade, 11 a crianças e adolescentes e 5 dirigidos aos pais. Dos programas identificados, 10 não especificam a tipologia das intervenções propostas, 9 referenciam intervenções psicoeducacionais, 7 referenciam intervenções educacionais e 3 referenciam intervenções do tipo psicossocial. Conclusão e Implicações para a prática verificou-se que a maioria dos programas identificados se dirige à díade crianças/adolescentes e pais. As caraterísticas dos programas e das intervenções diferem entre estudos, no entanto as intervenções psicoeducacionais são as mais prevalentes. O mapeamento de programas de intervenção e promoção da adaptação ao cancro parental contribui para a síntese da evidência existente sobre esta temática, conhecimento sobre as intervenções desenvolvidas e resultados obtidos, consciencializando os profissionais de saúde, nomeadamente enfermeiros, e decisores da área da saúde para a relevância da sua implementação na prática clínica, tendo em vista a qualidade dos cuidados de enfermagem prestados a essas famílias.

Resumen Objetivos mapear programas de intervención para niños, adolescentes y padres, o díada (pacientes oncológicos y niños) que padecen cáncer paternal. Método scoping review según la metodología recomendada por Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) y el Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews - Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Resultados de identificaron 29 programas de intervención: 13 dirigidos a díada, 11 a niños y adolescentes y 5 a padres. De los programas identificados, 10 no especifican tipología de intervenciones propuestas, 9 refieren intervenciones psicoeducativas, 7 intervenciones educativas y 3 intervenciones psicosocial. Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica se ha verificado que la mayoría de los programas identificados están dirigidos a díada niños/adolescentes y padres. Las características de los programas y las intervenciones difieren entre los estudios, sin embargo, las intervenciones psicoeducativas son más frecuentes. El mapeo de programas de intervención y promoción de la adaptación al cáncer parental contribuye a la síntesis de evidencia existente sobre este tema, el conocimiento sobre intervenciones desarrolladas y resultados obtenidos, sensibilizando profesionales de salud, a saber, enfermeros y tomadores de decisiones en el área de la salud por relevancia de su implementación en la práctica clínica, dada la calidad de los cuidados de enfermería prestados a estas familias.

Abstract Objectives to map intervention programs for children, adolescents and parents, or binomial (oncology patients and children) experiencing parental cancer. Method this scoping review was carried out according to the methodology recommended by Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews - Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Results a total of 29 intervention programs were identified: 13 directed to the binomial, 11 to children and adolescents and 5 to parents. Of all the identified programs, 10 do not specify the typology of proposed interventions, 9 refer to psychoeducational interventions, 7 refer to educational interventions and 3 refer to psychosocial type interventions. Conclusion and implications for practice it was verified that most of the programs identified are directed to children/adolescents and parents. The characteristics of programs and interventions differ between studies; however, the psychoeducational interventions are the most prevalent. The mapping of intervention programs and promotion of adaptation to parental cancer contributes to the synthesis of existing evidence on this theme, knowledge about interventions developed and the obtained results, raising awareness among health professionals, namely nurses, and decision makers in the health area for relevance of its implementation in clinical practice, considering the quality of nursing care provided to these families.

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ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The population with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is more predisposed to early development of frailty. Although the concept of frailty is well established from a physical point of view, it is not an exclusively physical syndrome. It can be characterized as an interaction of physical, psychological and social factors. OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the relationship between frailty, social support and family functionality among CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis. DESIGN AND SETTING: Correlational, cross-sectional and quantitative study conducted at a service in the interior of the state of São Paulo. METHODS: This study included 80 patients with CKD who were on hemodialysis. The participants were interviewed individually, with application of the following instruments: sociodemographic and economic characterization, Tilburg Frailty Indicator, Medical Outcomes Study and Family APGAR. Females and white ethnicity predominated among the participants, and their mean age was 59.63 ± 15.14 years. RESULTS: There was high prevalence of frailty (93.8%). Although there was a difference in scores for the dimensions of social support between the frail group and the non-frail group, only family functionality reached a statistically relevant difference. There was a significant correlation between physical frailty, social support and family functionality. CONCLUSIONS: Presence of frailty is related to the social support and family functionality of patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis.

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Objetivo: Verificar a relação entre qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde e sintomas ansiosos e depressivos de pacientes oncológicos em quimioterapia e familiares. Método: Estudo correlacional, transversal, quantitativo 130 pacientes e 130 familiares. Aplicaram-se os instrumentos caracterização sociodemográfica e clínica, Medical Outcomes Study 36 ­ Item Short-Form Health Survey e Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Resultados: As frequências de sintomas ansiosos foram de 43 (33,08%) e 54 (41,54%) e sintomas depressivos foram de 25 (19,23%) e 20 (15,38%) nos pacientes oncológicos e nos familiares, respectivamente. Quanto à qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde os pacientes apresentaram pior pontuação nos aspectos físicos (27,88) e vitalidade (66,04) para os familiares. Os pacientes e familiares com sintomas depressivos e/ou ansiosos apresentaram pior qualidade de vida que os participantes sem os sintomas. Foram realizados teste de correlação entre as escalas de qualidade de vida e ansiedade e depressão e apresentaram significância estatística nos domínios aspecto social, vitalidade, aspectos físicos, aspectos emocionais e saúde mental. Conclusão: Há relação entre a percepção da qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde e presença de sintomas depressivos e ansiosos em pacientes e familiares avaliados. (AU)

Objective: To verify the relationship between health-related quality of life and anxious and depressive symptoms of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and their family members. Methods: Correlative, cross-sectional, quantitative study of 130 patients and 130 family members. The instruments sociodemographic and clinical characterization, Medical Outcomes Study 36 - Item Short-Form Health Survey and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were applied. Results: The frequency of anxious symptoms was 43 (33.1%) and 54 (41.5%) and depressive symptoms were 25 (19.2%) and 20 (15.4%) in cancer patients and family members, respectively. As for health-related quality of life, patients had worse scores on physical aspects (27.9) and vitality (66.0) for family members. Patients and family members with depressive and / or anxious symptoms had a worse quality of life than participants without symptoms. Correlation tests were performed between the scales of quality of life and anxiety and depression and showed statistical significance in the domains of social aspects, vitality, physical aspects, emotional aspects and mental health. Conclusion: There is a relationship between the perception of health-related quality of life and the presence of depressive and anxious symptoms in patients and family members evaluated. (AU)

Objetivo: Verificar la relación entre la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud y los síntomas de ansiedad y depresión de los pacientes con cáncer sometidos a quimioterapia y sus familiares. Métodos: Estudio correlativo, transversal y cuantitativo de 130 pacientes y 130 familiares. Se aplicaron los instrumentos de caracterización sociodemográfica y clínica, Medical Outcomes Study 36 - Item Short-Form Health Survey y Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Resultados: la frecuencia de los síntomas de ansiedad fue 43 (33.1%) y 54 (41.5%) y los síntomas depresivos fueron 25 (19.2%) y 20 (15.4%) en pacientes con cáncer y familiares, respectivamente. En cuanto a la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, los pacientes tuvieron peores puntajes en aspectos físicos (27.9) y vitalidad (66.0) para los miembros de la familia. Los pacientes y familiares con síntomas depresivos y / o ansiosos tenían una peor calidad de vida que los participantes sin síntomas. Se realizaron pruebas de correlación entre las escalas de calidad de vida y ansiedad y depresión y mostraron significación estadística en los dominios de aspectos sociales, vitalidad, aspectos físicos, aspectos emocionales y salud mental. Conclusión: existe una relación entre la percepción de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud y la presencia de síntomas depresivos y ansiosos en los pacientes y familiares evaluados. (AU)

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Objetivos: Verificar se as atividades musicais influenciam os níveis de sintomas depressivos e ansiosos dos pacientes com Doença Renal Crônica em Hemodiálise. Método: Estudo quase-experimental realizado com 30 pacientes em hemodiálise, os quais foram divididos segundos critérios pré-estabelecidos em dois grupos, sendo um grupo de intervenção e um grupo controle. Os grupos foram avaliados antes e depois das atividades musicais. Resultados: Houve o predomínio do sexo masculino (Grupo Intervenção: 66,7% e Grupo Controle: 60%), com parceria fixa (Grupo Intervenção: 80% e Grupo Controle: 66,7%) e aposentado (Grupo Intervenção: 93,3% e Grupo Controle: 66,7%). Em relação aos sintomas depressivos e ansiosos, os grupos apresentaram diferenças estatísticas significativas quanto a ansiedade (p=0,001) e depressão (p=0,002), onde o grupo de intervenção obteve médias menores, indicando melhora e o grupo controle, médias maiores, indicando piora. Conclusões: As atividades musicais contribuíram para a redução dos sintomas depressivos e ansiosos dos pacientes com doença renal crônica, em hemodiálise. (AU)

Objective: Verify whether musical activities influence the levels of depressive and anxious symptoms of patients with CKD undergoing HD. Methods: Quasi-experimental study carried out with 30 hemodialysis patients, who were divided according to pre-selected criteria in two groups, being an intervention group and a control group. The groups were taken before and after the musical activities. Results: There was a predominance of males (Intervention Group: 66.7% and Control Group: 60%), with a fixed partnership (Intervention Group: 80% and Control Group: 66.7%) and retired (Intervention Group: 93.3% and Control Group: 66.7%). Regarding depressive and anxiety symptoms, the groups showed statistically significant differences regarding anxiety (p=0.001) and depression (p=0.002), where the intervention group had lower means, indicating improvement, and the control group, higher means, indicating gets worse. Conclusion: We conclude that musical activities contributed to the reduction of depressive and anxious symptoms of patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis. (AU)

Objetivo: Verificar si las actividades musicales influyen en los niveles de síntomas depresivos y ansiosos de pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en hemodiálisis. Métodos: Estudio cuasiexperimental realizado con 30 pacientes en hemodiálisis, que se dividieron según criterios preestablecidos en dos grupos, siendo un grupo de intervención y un grupo de control. Los grupos fueron evaluados antes y después de las actividades musicales. Resultados: Predominó el sexo masculino (Grupo de intervención: 66,7% y Grupo de control: 60%), con pareja fija (Grupo de intervención: 80% y Grupo de control: 66,7%) y jubilados (Grupo de intervención: 93,3% y Grupo de control: 66,7%). %). En cuanto a los síntomas depresivos y de ansiedad, los grupos mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas con respecto a la ansiedad (p = 0,001) y depresión (p = 0,002), donde el grupo de intervención tuvo medias más bajas, indicando mejoría, y el grupo control, medias más altas, indicando empeoramiento. Conclusion: Llegamos a la conclusión de que las actividades musicales contribuyeron a la reducción de los síntomas depresivos y ansiosos en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica sometidos a hemodiálisis. (AU)

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