RESUMEN
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a pivotal role in primary staging of rectal cancer, enabling the determination of appropriate management strategies and prediction of patient outcomes. However, inconsistencies and pitfalls exist in various aspects, including rectal anatomy, MRI protocols and strategies for artifact resolution, as well as in T- and N-staging, all of which limit the diagnostic value of MRI. This narrative and pictorial review offers a comprehensive overview of factors influencing primary staging of rectal cancer and the role of MRI in assessing them. It highlights the significance of the circumferential resection margin and its relationship with the mesorectal fascia, as well as the prognostic role of extramural venous invasion and tumor deposits. Special attention is given to tumors of the lower rectum due to their complex anatomy and the challenges they pose in MRI staging. The review also addresses current controversies in rectal cancer staging and the need for personalized risk stratification. In summary, this review provides valuable insights into the role of MRI in the primary staging of rectal cancer, emphasizing key aspects for accurate assessment to enhance patient outcomes.
Asunto(s)
Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Neoplasias del Recto , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Neoplasias del Recto/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias del Recto/patologíaRESUMEN
Primary lymphoma of the esophagus is very rare; it affects less than 1% of all patients with gastrointestinal lymphoma. We present a case of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)-type primary lymphoma of the esophagus that manifested as a large ulcerated submucosal mass. We describe the radiological findings on the esophagram, endoscopic ultrasonography, and helical computed tomography. To our knowledge, only 10 cases of MALT-type primary lymphoma of the esophagus have been published to date.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Esofágicas/diagnóstico por imagen , Linfoma de Células B de la Zona Marginal/diagnóstico por imagen , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Anciano , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMEN
El linfoma primario del esófago es una entidad muy rara que afecta a menos de un 1% de los pacientes con linfoma gastrointestinal. Presentamos un caso de linfoma primario tipo MALT (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue) de esófago que se manifestó como una masa submucosa ulcerada de gran tamaño. Describimos los hallazgos radiológicos en el esofagograma, la ultrasonografía endoscópica y la tomografía computarizada helicoidal. En nuestro conocimiento, tan solo 10 casos de linfoma MALT primario del esófago han sido publicados hasta el momento
Primary lymphoma of the esophagus is very rare; it affects less than 1% of all patients with gastrointestinal lymphoma. We present a case of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)-type primary lymphoma of the esophagus that manifested as a large ulcerated submucosal mass. We describe the radiological findings on the esophagram, endoscopic ultrasonography, and helical computed tomography. To our knowledge, only 10 cases of MALT-type primary lymphoma of the esophagus have been published to date (AU)