RESUMEN

Synaptic modification in cortical structures underlies the acquisition of novel information that results in learning and memory formation. In the adult dentate gyrus, circuit remodeling is boosted by the generation of new granule cells (GCs) that contribute to specific aspects of memory encoding. These forms of plasticity decrease in the aging brain, where both the rate of adult neurogenesis and the speed of morphological maturation of newly generated neurons decline. In the young-adult brain, a brief novel experience accelerates the integration of new neurons. The extent to which such degree of plasticity is preserved in the aging hippocampus remains unclear. In this work, we characterized the time course of functional integration of adult-born GCs in middle-aged mice. We performed whole-cell recordings in developing GCs from Ascl1CreERT2;CAGfloxStopTom mice and found a late onset of functional excitatory synaptogenesis, which occurred at 4 weeks (vs. 2 weeks in young-adult mice). Overall mature excitability and maximal glutamatergic connectivity were achieved at 10 weeks. In contrast, large mossy fiber boutons (MFBs) in CA3 displayed mature morphological features including filopodial extensions at 4 weeks, suggesting that efferent connectivity develops faster than afference. Notably, new GCs from middle-aged mice exposed to enriched environment for 7 days showed an advanced degree of maturity at 3 weeks, revealed by the high frequency of excitatory postsynaptic responses, complex dendritic trees, and large size of MFBs with filopodial extensions. These findings demonstrate that adult-born neurons act as sensors that transduce behavioral stimuli into major network remodeling in the aging brain.

RESUMEN

Range of motion (ROM) measured objectively in nodal hand osteoarthritis (NHOA) is missing. Evaluation of collateral ligaments by ultrasound (US) is unknown in NHOA also. To compare ROM in interphalangeal joints in housewives with nodal OA, with a control group by a digital system using angle to voltage (Multielgon). The second objective was to assess correlation between collateral radial and ulnar ligaments thickness and ROM. For this cross-sectional observational study, we assessed 60 hands with symptomatic NHOA and 30 hands of healthy housewives matched for age. We obtained clinical and demographic characteristics (a complete standardized physical examination of hand joints, DASH questionnaire, pain surveys, gross grasp hand goniometer, and ROM measurements by Multielgon. Presence of synovitis, power Doppler signal, osteophytes, and collateral ligaments thickness was evaluated by US. We used descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation, X2 test, t test and odds ratio. Significant less gross grasp and ROM in the right hand were observed in NHOA (p = 0.01 for both). Presence of OA, painful joints, disease duration, and score DASH were significant correlated with reduced ROM (OR 4.12, 4.12, 1.04 and 1.09, respectively). Reduced ROM was statistical significant in thumb MCP and IP joints, second and third DIP in dominant hand. There was no association between collateral radial and ulnar ligaments and reduced ROM. Synovitis and osteophytes were more prevalent in OA group. Multielgon demonstrated the pattern of reduced ROM in nodal OA of housewives particularly in MCP and IP thumb joints, second and third distal interphalangeal joints.

Asunto(s)

Artrometría Articular/instrumentación , Articulaciones de los Dedos/fisiopatología , Articulación Metacarpofalángica/fisiopatología , Osteoartritis/fisiopatología , Adulto , Anciano , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Ligamento Colateral Cubital/diagnóstico por imagen , Ligamento Colateral Cubital/patología , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Articulaciones de los Dedos/diagnóstico por imagen , Articulaciones de los Dedos/patología , Humanos , Articulación Metacarpofalángica/diagnóstico por imagen , Articulación Metacarpofalángica/patología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Osteoartritis/diagnóstico por imagen , Osteoartritis/patología , Ultrasonografía

RESUMEN

During aging, the brain undergoes changes that impair cognitive capacity and circuit plasticity, including a marked decrease in production of adult-born hippocampal neurons. It is unclear whether development and integration of those new neurons are also affected by age. Here, we show that adult-born granule cells (GCs) in aging mice are scarce and exhibit slow development, but they display a remarkable potential for structural plasticity. Retrovirally labeled 3-week-old GCs in middle-aged mice were small, underdeveloped, and disconnected. Neuronal development and integration were accelerated by voluntary exercise or environmental enrichment. Similar effects were observed via knockdown of Lrig1, an endogenous negative modulator of neurotrophin receptors. Consistently, blocking neurotrophin signaling by Lrig1 overexpression abolished the positive effects of exercise. These results demonstrate an unparalleled degree of plasticity in the aging brain mediated by neurotrophins, whereby new GCs remain immature until becoming rapidly recruited to the network by activity.

Asunto(s)

Envejecimiento , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Plasticidad Neuronal/fisiología , Animales , Calbindinas/metabolismo , Proteínas de Unión al ADN , Dendritas/fisiología , Giro Dentado/metabolismo , Femenino , Técnicas In Vitro , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/antagonistas & inhibidores , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/genética , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Ratones Transgénicos , Microscopía Confocal , Factores de Crecimiento Nervioso/metabolismo , Proteínas del Tejido Nervioso/antagonistas & inhibidores , Proteínas del Tejido Nervioso/genética , Proteínas del Tejido Nervioso/metabolismo , Neuronas/fisiología , Proteínas Nucleares/metabolismo , Técnicas de Placa-Clamp , Condicionamiento Físico Animal , Interferencia de ARN , ARN Interferente Pequeño/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal

RESUMEN

Algarroba flour is used to supplement lysine-limiting systems such as wheat flour due to its amino acidic composition. The effects of adding up to 30% of this flour to wheat flour (W-A30) on dough characteristics and breadmaking performance were studied. Dough rheology was tested by farinograph, oscillatory rheometry and texture profile analyses. Molecular mobility was evaluated by nuclear magnetic resonance, and thermal properties were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry and viscoamylograph studies. Besides, different bread quality parameters were evaluated. Incorporation of algarroba flour resulted into increase in water absorption, development time and degree of softening, and decrease in stability of wheat flour, leading to softer, less adhesive and elastic dough, although at intermediate replacement levels cohesiveness improved. At the molecular level, a reduction of water activity and limited proton motion were observed in W-A30 samples, suggesting that protons were highly bound to the dough matrix. Dough samples with algarroba flour showed lower G' and G″ values than the control, although with the formation of a more elastic structure for W-A30. In addition, algarroba flour produced a protective effect on starch granule disruption and interfered with amylose-amylose association during cooling. The specific volume of breads decreased with the increase in algarroba level, W-A30 reaching the highest decrease (15%). Bread crumbs with algarroba flour exhibited higher values of hardness and resilience. The use of algarroba flour resulted in lower quality when compared to the control. However, algarroba flour at 20% level can be added to wheat flour to obtain bakery products of similar technological quality and with improved nutritional components.

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune skin disease caused by the destruction of melanocytes. Although quality of life (QOL) in vitiligo has been studied in different countries, it has not yet been investigated in Mexico. The aim of this study was to assess the QOL of Mexican patients with vitiligo. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We conducted a cross-sectional study at the research unit of Centro Dermatológico Dr. Ladislao de la Pascua in Mexico City. We included adults with vitiligo and excluded those with other pigmentation disorders or a neurological or psychiatric disorder. Patients on psychoactive medications were also excluded. All the patients were administered the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), a vitiligo-specific quality of life instrument (the VitiQoL), and the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. RESULTS: We studied 150 patients with vitiligo (103 women [68.7%] and 47 men [31.3%]). The median (interquartile range) age was 38 (20) years. The mean (SD) scores on the DLQI and VitiQoL were 5.2 (5.4) and 32.1 (22.7) out of total possible scores of 30 and 90, respectively. The correlation between questionnaire scores was 0.675 (P<.001). Patients with genital involvement scored significantly worse on the VitiQoL than those without lesions in this area (43.95 [28.4]) vs. 28.98 [20.08], P<.001). The prevalence of depression and anxiety was 34% and 60%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Vitiligo has a minimal impact on the QOL of our patients. QOL was worse in patients with genital lesions.

Asunto(s)

Calidad de Vida , Vitíligo/psicología , Adolescente , Adulto , Ansiedad/etiología , Estudios Transversales , Depresión/etiología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , México , Factores Socioeconómicos , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Evaluación de Síntomas , Vitíligo/tratamiento farmacológico , Adulto Joven

RESUMEN

Objectives The objectives of this study were to examine the demographic and clinical features associated with the occurrence of pleuropulmonary manifestations, the predictive factors of their occurrence and their impact on mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Materials and methods The association of pleuropulmonary manifestations with demographic and clinical features, the predictive factors of their occurrence and their impact on mortality were examined in GLADEL patients by appropriate univariable and multivariable analyses. Results At least one pleuropulmonary manifestation occurred in 421 of the 1480 SLE patients (28.4%), pleurisy being the most frequent (24.0%). Age at SLE onset ≥30 years (OR 1.42; 95% CI 1.10-1.83), the presence of lower respiratory tract infection (OR 3.19; 95% CI 2.05-4.96), non-ischemic heart disease (OR 3.17; 95% CI 2.41-4.18), ischemic heart disease (OR 3.39; 95% CI 2.08-5.54), systemic (OR 2.00; 95% CI 1.37-2.91), ocular (OR 1.58; 95% CI 1.16-2.14) and renal manifestations (OR 1.44; 95% CI 1.09-1.83) were associated with pleuropulmonary manifestations, whereas cutaneous manifestations were negatively associated (OR 0.47; 95% CI 0.29-0.76). Non-ischemic heart disease (HR 2.24; 95% CI 1.63-3.09), SDI scores ≥1 (OR 1.54; 95% CI 1.10-2.17) and anti-La antibody positivity (OR 2.51; 95% CI 1.39-4.57) independently predicted their subsequent occurrence. Cutaneous manifestations were protective of the subsequent occurrence of pleuropulmonary manifestations (HR 0.62; 95% CI 0.43-0.90). Pleuropulmonary manifestations independently contributed a decreased survival (HR: 2.79 95% CI 1.80-4.31). Conclusion Pleuropulmonary manifestations are frequent in SLE, particularly pleuritis. Older age, respiratory tract infection, cardiac, systemic and renal involvement were associated with them, whereas cutaneous manifestations were negatively associated. Cardiac compromise, SDI scores ≥1 and anti-La positivity at disease onset were predictive of their subsequent occurrence, whereas cutaneous manifestations were protective. They independently contributed to a decreased survival in these patients.

Asunto(s)

Enfermedades Pulmonares/etiología , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/complicaciones , Pleuresia/etiología , Adulto , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , Humanos , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/mortalidad , Masculino , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/etiología , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad

RESUMEN

Intra-specific color variation is often underestimated by researchers, and among mammals, intra-specific differences in coloration are poorly documented for most species. The main goal of this study was to apply an objective color measurement methodology to the study of a specific problem: the detection, if any, of patterns of changes in the fur color of specimens of Akodon budini in relation to biological (i.e., sex) and environmental (i.e., season) variables. We hypothesize that coat color will be more homogeneous in males than in females and that coat color will be darker in winter than in summer, the latter being orange. We measured the pelage color on five points over the dorsal surface of 26 A. budini museum specimens using a spectroradiometer and a diffuse illumination cabin. We used Principal Component Analysis to describe the association between the color variables, sex and season, and each of the observations. We then used general linear models of Analysis of Variance to examine relationships between color data, season, and sex. The results clearly confirm the hypothesis related to seasonal coat color change but do not directly confirm the hypothesis related to changes in coat color in relation to sex, and we show the complexity of the studied pattern. In conclusion, undoubtedly, the studied variables should accordingly be considered when studying the coloration of specimens for characterization, identification and discrimination of different taxonomic units based on color.

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Variação de cor intra-específica é muitas vezes subestimada pelos pesquisadores, e entre espécies de mamíferos, as diferenças intra-específicas na coloração são pouco conhecidas para a maioria das espécies. O principal objetivo deste estudo foi aplicar uma metodologia objetiva de medição de cor para o estudo de um problema específico: a detecção de padrões de mudanças na cor da pele de espécimes de Akodon budini em relação a variáveis biológicas (i.e., sexo) e ambientais (i.e., temporada), se houver. Nossa hipótese é que a cor da pelagem do sexo masculino será mais homogênea do que a de fêmeas e que a cor da pelagem do inverno vai ser mais escura do que a de verão, sendo esta última mais laranja. Medimos a cor da pelagem em cinco pontos sobre a superfície dorsal de 26 espécimes de museu de A. budini usando um espectroradiômetro e uma cabine de iluminação difusa. Usamos Análise de Componentes Principais para descrever a associação entre as variáveis de cor, sexo e temporada, e cada uma das observações. Em seguida, usamos modelos lineares gerais da Análise de Variância para verificar as relações entre os dados de cor, temporada, e sexo. Os resultados confirmam claramente a hipótese relacionada à mudança sazonal de cor da pelagem, mas não confirmam diretamente a hipótese relacionada com alterações na cor da pelagem em relação ao sexo, e vamos mostrar a complexidade do modelo estudado. Em conclusão, sem dúvida, as variáveis estudadas devem consequentemente ser tidas em conta quando se estuda a coloração de amostras para caracterização, identificação e discriminação de diferentes unidades taxonômicas com base na cor.

Asunto(s)

Animales , Equipos de Medición de Riesgos , Pigmentación de la Piel , Sigmodontinae/anatomía & histología , Variación Genética , Análisis Espectral/métodos

RESUMEN

Abstract Intra-specific color variation is often underestimated by researchers, and among mammals, intra-specific differences in coloration are poorly documented for most species. The main goal of this study was to apply an objective color measurement methodology to the study of a specific problem: the detection, if any, of patterns of changes in the fur color of specimens of Akodon budini in relation to biological (i.e., sex) and environmental (i.e., season) variables. We hypothesize that coat color will be more homogeneous in males than in females and that coat color will be darker in winter than in summer, the latter being orange. We measured the pelage color on five points over the dorsal surface of 26 A. budini museum specimens using a spectroradiometer and a diffuse illumination cabin. We used Principal Component Analysis to describe the association between the color variables, sex and season, and each of the observations. We then used general linear models of Analysis of Variance to examine relationships between color data, season, and sex. The results clearly confirm the hypothesis related to seasonal coat color change but do not directly confirm the hypothesis related to changes in coat color in relation to sex, and we show the complexity of the studied pattern. In conclusion, undoubtedly, the studied variables should accordingly be considered when studying the coloration of specimens for characterization, identification and discrimination of different taxonomic units based on color.

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Resumo Variação de cor intra-específica é muitas vezes subestimada pelos pesquisadores, e entre espécies de mamíferos, as diferenças intra-específicas na coloração são pouco conhecidas para a maioria das espécies. O principal objetivo deste estudo foi aplicar uma metodologia objetiva de medição de cor para o estudo de um problema específico: a detecção de padrões de mudanças na cor da pele de espécimes de Akodon budini em relação a variáveis biológicas (i.e., sexo) e ambientais (i.e., temporada), se houver. Nossa hipótese é que a cor da pelagem do sexo masculino será mais homogênea do que a de fêmeas e que a cor da pelagem do inverno vai ser mais escura do que a de verão, sendo esta última mais laranja. Medimos a cor da pelagem em cinco pontos sobre a superfície dorsal de 26 espécimes de museu de A. budini usando um espectroradiômetro e uma cabine de iluminação difusa. Usamos Análise de Componentes Principais para descrever a associação entre as variáveis de cor, sexo e temporada, e cada uma das observações. Em seguida, usamos modelos lineares gerais da Análise de Variância para verificar as relações entre os dados de cor, temporada, e sexo. Os resultados confirmam claramente a hipótese relacionada à mudança sazonal de cor da pelagem, mas não confirmam diretamente a hipótese relacionada com alterações na cor da pelagem em relação ao sexo, e vamos mostrar a complexidade do modelo estudado. Em conclusão, sem dúvida, as variáveis estudadas devem consequentemente ser tidas em conta quando se estuda a coloração de amostras para caracterização, identificação e discriminação de diferentes unidades taxonômicas com base na cor.

Asunto(s)

Animales , Masculino , Femenino , Color del Cabello/fisiología , Arvicolinae/fisiología , Estaciones del Año , Caracteres Sexuales , Ambiente , Mamíferos

RESUMEN

Intra-specific color variation is often underestimated by researchers, and among mammals, intra-specific differences in coloration are poorly documented for most species. The main goal of this study was to apply an objective color measurement methodology to the study of a specific problem: the detection, if any, of patterns of changes in the fur color of specimens of Akodon budini in relation to biological (i.e., sex) and environmental (i.e., season) variables. We hypothesize that coat color will be more homogeneous in males than in females and that coat color will be darker in winter than in summer, the latter being orange. We measured the pelage color on five points over the dorsal surface of 26 A. budini museum specimens using a spectroradiometer and a diffuse illumination cabin. We used Principal Component Analysis to describe the association between the color variables, sex and season, and each of the observations. We then used general linear models of Analysis of Variance to examine relationships between color data, season, and sex. The results clearly confirm the hypothesis related to seasonal coat color change but do not directly confirm the hypothesis related to changes in coat color in relation to sex, and we show the complexity of the studied pattern. In conclusion, undoubtedly, the studied variables should accordingly be considered when studying the coloration of specimens for characterization, identification and discrimination of different taxonomic units based on color.(AU)

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Variação de cor intra-específica é muitas vezes subestimada pelos pesquisadores, e entre espécies de mamíferos, as diferenças intra-específicas na coloração são pouco conhecidas para a maioria das espécies. O principal objetivo deste estudo foi aplicar uma metodologia objetiva de medição de cor para o estudo de um problema específico: a detecção de padrões de mudanças na cor da pele de espécimes de Akodon budini em relação a variáveis biológicas (i.e., sexo) e ambientais (i.e., temporada), se houver. Nossa hipótese é que a cor da pelagem do sexo masculino será mais homogênea do que a de fêmeas e que a cor da pelagem do inverno vai ser mais escura do que a de verão, sendo esta última mais laranja. Medimos a cor da pelagem em cinco pontos sobre a superfície dorsal de 26 espécimes de museu de A. budini usando um espectroradiômetro e uma cabine de iluminação difusa. Usamos Análise de Componentes Principais para descrever a associação entre as variáveis de cor, sexo e temporada, e cada uma das observações. Em seguida, usamos modelos lineares gerais da Análise de Variância para verificar as relações entre os dados de cor, temporada, e sexo. Os resultados confirmam claramente a hipótese relacionada à mudança sazonal de cor da pelagem, mas não confirmam diretamente a hipótese relacionada com alterações na cor da pelagem em relação ao sexo, e vamos mostrar a complexidade do modelo estudado. Em conclusão, sem dúvida, as variáveis estudadas devem consequentemente ser tidas em conta quando se estuda a coloração de amostras para caracterização, identificação e discriminação de diferentes unidades taxonômicas com base na cor.(AU)

Asunto(s)

Animales , Sigmodontinae/anatomía & histología , Equipos de Medición de Riesgos , Variación Genética , Pigmentación de la Piel , Análisis Espectral/métodos

RESUMEN

Intra-specific color variation is often underestimated by researchers, and among mammals, intra-specific differences in coloration are poorly documented for most species. The main goal of this study was to apply an objective color measurement methodology to the study of a specific problem: the detection, if any, of patterns of changes in the fur color of specimens of Akodon budini in relation to biological (i.e., sex) and environmental (i.e., season) variables. We hypothesize that coat color will be more homogeneous in males than in females and that coat color will be darker in winter than in summer, the latter being orange. We measured the pelage color on five points over the dorsal surface of 26 A. budini museum specimens using a spectroradiometer and a diffuse illumination cabin. We used Principal Component Analysis to describe the association between the color variables, sex and season, and each of the observations. We then used general linear models of Analysis of Variance to examine relationships between color data, season, and sex. The results clearly confirm the hypothesis related to seasonal coat color change but do not directly confirm the hypothesis related to changes in coat color in relation to sex, and we show the complexity of the studied pattern. In conclusion, undoubtedly, the studied variables should accordingly be considered when studying the coloration of specimens for characterization, identification and discrimination of different taxonomic units based on color.

Asunto(s)

Arvicolinae/fisiología , Color del Cabello/fisiología , Animales , Ambiente , Femenino , Masculino , Mamíferos , Estaciones del Año , Caracteres Sexuales

RESUMEN

El desarrollo y la utilización cada vez mayor número de procedimientos mínimamente invasivos ha supuesto que, con más frecuencia, fragmentos de los materiales utilizados se rompan y permanezcan retenidos en el organismo, tanto en la zona donde se está interviniendo como a distancia (por ®embolización¼ de dicho fragmento) . Presentamos a propósito, el caso de un Recién Nacido, prematuro, de 17 días de nacido, con peso de 2,178 g, que habiéndosele colocado un catéter central de inserción periférica (PICC), se fracturó durante su retiro y se desplazó hasta ubicarse en la porción distal en la rama izquierda de la arteria pulmonar. El catéter se extrajo por vía femoral mediante un cateterismo cardíaco intervencionista, con lo que se evitó cirugía a corazón abierto y se demostró la efectividad de dicho procedimiento ante este tipo de complicación...

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Recién Nacido , Cateterismo Cardíaco , Cuerpos Extraños

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Artritis Reumatoide , Cartílago Hialino , Ultrasonografía

Asunto(s)

Masculino , Femenino , Humanos , Adulto , Adulto Joven , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Infecciones por Helicobacter/tratamiento farmacológico , Helicobacter pylori , Erradicación de la Enfermedad/métodos , Esquema de Medicación , Quimioterapia Combinada , Medicina Basada en la Evidencia , Lansoprazol/uso terapéutico , América Latina , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados

RESUMEN

The dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (LpdA) from the tellurite-resistant bacterium Aeromonas caviae ST reduces tellurite to elemental tellurium. To characterize this NADH-dependent activity, the A. caviae lpdA gene was subjected to site-directed mutagenesis and genes containing C45A, H322Y and E354K substitutions were individually transformed into Escherichia coli Δlpd. Cells expressing the modified genes exhibited decreased pyruvate dehydrogenase, dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase and TR activity regarding that observed with the wild type A. caviae lpdA gene. In addition, cells expressing the altered lpdA genes showed increased oxidative stress levels and tellurite sensitivity than those carrying the wild type counterpart. The involvement of Cys residues in LpdA's TR activity was analyzed using specific inhibitors that interact with catalytic cysteines and/or disulfide bridges such as aurothiomalate, zinc or nickel. TR activity of purified LpdA was drastically affected by these compounds. Since LpdA belongs to the flavoprotein family, the involvement of the FAD/NAD(P)(+)-binding domain in TR activity was determined. FAD removal from purified LpdA results in loss of TR activity, which was restored with exogenously added FAD. Substitutions in E354, involved in FAD/NADH binding, resulted in low TR activity because of flavin loss. Finally, changing H322 (involved in NAD(+)/NADH binding) by tyrosine also resulted in altered TR activity.

Asunto(s)

Aeromonas caviae/efectos de los fármacos , Dihidrolipoamida Deshidrogenasa/metabolismo , Telurio/química , Dihidrolipoamida Deshidrogenasa/química , Escherichia coli/genética , Regulación Bacteriana de la Expresión Génica , Mutagénesis Sitio-Dirigida , Oxidación-Reducción , Telurio/toxicidad

RESUMEN

En los raros casos de leiomiomas primarios retroperitoneales,las imágenes prequirúrgicas pueden dar un diagnósticopresuntivo; el diagnóstico final solo puede ser confirmado en el momento quirúrgico. En estos casos, el manejo diagnóstico y terapéutico por video laparoscopíaes posible y debería ser tenido en cuenta.Palabras Clave: Leiomioma retroperitoneal primario...

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In the rare cases of primary retroperitoneal leiomyomas,pre surgical imaging may give a possible diagnosis; thefinal diagnosis can only be confirmed with surgery. Inthese cases, diagnostic and therapeutic managementwith videolaparoscopy is possible and should beconsidered...

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Femenino , Leiomioma , Leiomioma/diagnóstico , Leiomioma/patología

RESUMEN

Objectives: To analyze the usefulness of a clinical questionnaire for the diagnosis of sleep disordered breathing in children with neuromuscular diseases. Patients and Methods: A sleep questionnaire and a polysom-nography were performed in a cohort of 21 children (14 boys) with neuromuscular diseases. ROC analysis was used to assess the diagnostic accuracy of the questionnaire for diagnosing sleep disordered breathing compared with polysomnography. Results: Median age was 10.7 years (2-17). According to polysomnography, 8 patients were classified as normal, 3 had primary snoring, 5 had central sleep apnea syndrome and 5 an obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Eleven questionnaire's scores suggested sleep disordered breathing. The questionnaire's score showed a sensitivity of 75 percent, specificity of 60 percent, positive predictive value of 33 percent and negative predictive value of 90 percent for the diagnosis of an obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. The same figure for the diagnosis of a central sleep apnea syndrome was 80 percent, 64 percent, 44 percent and 90 percent. Conclusions: The questionnaire showed a moderate sensitivity and specificity. Nevertheless, the high negative predictive value of the questionnaire may support its use for screening of sleep disordered breathing. A follow-up of questionnaire's scores may identify patients, who would benefit from performance of polysomnography.

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Objetivos: Analizar la utilidad de un cuestionario clínico para el diagnóstico de los trastornos respiratorios del sueño (TRS) en niños con enfermedades neuromusculares (ENM). Pacientes y Métodos: Se realizó un cuestionario de sueño junto con una polisomnografía (PSG) en un grupo de 21 niños (14 varones) con ENM. Se realizó un análisis de validez diagnóstica de los resultados del cuestionario comparados con los de la PSG. Resultados: La mediana de edad fue de 10,7 años (2-17). De acuerdo a la PSG, se clasificó a 8 pacientes como normales, 3 roncadores primarios, 5 con síndrome de apneas centrales y 5 con síndrome de apneas obstructivas (SAOS). Once cuestionarios presentaron un puntaje sugerente de TRS. El puntaje del cuestionario presentó: sensibilidad 75 por ciento, especificidad 60 por ciento, valor predictivo positivo 33 por ciento y negativo 90 por ciento para el diagnóstico de SAOS. Respecto al diagnóstico de síndrome de apneas centrales del sueño, éste valores fueron: 80 por ciento, 64 por ciento, 44 por ciento y 90 por ciento. Conclusiones: El cuestionario clínico presentó una sensibilidad y especificidad moderada. Sin embargo, el alto valor predictivo negativo del cuestionario apoyaría su uso como tamizaje de los TRS. El seguimiento del puntaje de este cuestionario permitiría identificar aquellos pacientes que se beneficiarían de la realización de una PSG.

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Femenino , Preescolar , Niño , Enfermedades Neuromusculares/complicaciones , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Síndromes de la Apnea del Sueño/diagnóstico , Hipoventilación , Polisomnografía , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Síndromes de la Apnea del Sueño/etiología

RESUMEN

La incidencia excesivamente elevada de problemas periodontales entre la población, dificulta que un número reducido de especialistas los pueda enfrentar. Se funda como premisa que el cuidado periodontal es, en esencia, labor del odontólogo general y que éste no puede pasar por alto la responsabilidad de proveer atención a todo paciente. Las lesiones vesiculo-ampollares-erosivas a nivel bucal y de piel pueden ser causadas por un amplio grupo de patologías. La etiología de éstas mismas también es muy variable, desde causa traumática-química-por contacto, hasta una causa autoinmune. Ocasionalmente es difícil hacer un diagnóstico diferencial para discernir la etiología de las lesiones, es importante conocer los detalles clínicos y aspectos epidemiológicos e histopatológicos de cada ente. El eritema multiforme es una enfermedad eruptiva inflamatoria mucocutánea, aguda polimorfa y autolimitante, que puede aparecer en: mucosa bucal sólo, varias mucosas, piel sola, o ambas. Puede no ser una entidad etiológica, sino un complejo de síntomas o un patrón de reacción que representa muchos factores posibles, como el estrés, medicamentos o enfermedad sistémica. Representa una urgencia en Odontología. Es importante que el odontólogo, las identifique, así como las consecuencias que ocasiona si no se previenen o tratan a tiempo, así como las complicaciones. El propósito del reporte es describir las diferentes presentaciones clínicas, etiopatogenia, epidemiología, diagnóstico, diferenciales, tratamiento, pronóstico, complicaciones y cuidados postoperatorios. Para ello se realizó basado en los lineamientos de la investigación descriptiva documental, una revisión de la literatura nacional e internacional.

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The excessively high incidence on periodontal problems in the population makes it difficult for a reduced number of specialists deal with them. The principal premise is that periodontal care is in essence, the general dentist work and he can not ignore the responsibility to provide adequate attention to every patient. The vesicular-ampulla-erosive lesions in the mouth and skin may be caused by a wide number of pathologies. The ethiology of theses is very variable too, from trauma-chemical contact to an immune cause. Occasionally, it is difficult to make a differential diagnose to know the origin of the injury, it’s important to know all the clinical, epidemiological and histopathological of each entity. The multiforme erithema is an eruptive inflammatory mucocutaneous disease, acute polimorfe and and self-limited that may appear in the mouth mucose only, various mucoses, skin or both. It may not be an ethiological entity, but a group of symptoms or reaction patternthat represents many possible factors, like stress, medicines or systemic disease. It represents an emergency in dentistry. It is important that the dentist identify them as well as their consequences and complications, if they are not treated in time. The purpose of this report is to describe the different clinic presentation, etiology and pathogenesis, epidemiology diagnose, differentials, treatment, prognosis, complications and post surgery care. That’s why a revision of the national and international literature was made based upon on documentary descriptive research techniques.

RESUMEN

El cuidado periodontal es, en esencia, labor del odontólogo y éste no puede pasar por alto la responsabilidad de proveer atención a todo paciente. La incidencia excesivamente elevada de problemas periodontales entre la población, dificulta que un número reducido de especialistas pueda enfrentarlos. En la cavidad bucal se pueden producir variedades de enfermedades de etiología diferente en este caso infeccioso bacteriano, por ello es muy importante que el odontólogo identifique y conozca las consecuencias ocasionadas si no se previenen o tratan a tiempo, así como las complicaciones. El término enfermedad periodontal necrosante se emplea como denominador común de la gingivitis, periodontitis y estomatitis necrosante, las cuales son un conjunto de enfermedades inflamatorias, dolorosas y destructivas que afecta primariamente la encía marginal como la papilar y con menor frecuencia, la encía adherida, llegando afectar el hueso alveolar. Suele encontrarse en cavidades bucales sanas o sobre añadido a una enfermedad gingival o periodontal, aparece en un diente, o un grupo de ellos, o abarcar toda la cavidad bucal y presentarse en individuos, con buena o deficiente higiene bucal. Es anómalo en edéntulos, pero a veces, se producen lesiones esféricas aisladas en el paladar blando. El propósito de esta revisión es describir las diferentes presentaciones clínicas de dicha patología, su etiología, diagnósticos diferenciales y diferentes métodos de tratamiento, además de la interconsulta con diferentes áreas, para valorar sus complicaciones y cuidados postoperatorios. Para ello se realizó basado en los lineamientos de la investigación descriptiva documental, una revisión de la literatura nacional e internacional.

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The premise is that periodontal problems are treated by general dentists and they should not skip the responsibility to treat all of their patients. The excessive incidence of periodontal problems in the population makes it difficult to treat them by a specific number of specialists. There is a variety of diseases from various infectious etiology that take place in the mouth, it is essential that dentists know the importance of diagnosing, and also be aware of the consequences if they are not treated on time. The term necrotizing periodontal disease is used as common denominator of gingivitis, periodontal and necrotizing estomatitis, which are a group of dangerous, inflammatory and destructive diseases that affect mainly the marginal gum like the papilar and less frequently the adhesive gum affecting the alveolar bone. They can be found in healthy mouths or additional to a periodontal or gingival disease, in a tooth or in a group of them, or in the whole mouth or in individuals with good or poor mouth hygiene. It is not usual to find them as edentulous but sometimes isolated spheric injuries in the soft palate. The purpose of this report is to describe the different clinic presentation, etiology and pathogenesis, epidemiology diagnose, differentials, treatment, prognosis, complications and post surgery care. That’s why a revision of the national and international literature was made based upon on documentary descriptive research techniques.

RESUMEN

En la cavidad bucal se pueden producir una variedad de enfermedades de diferente etiología, por ello es muy importante que el odontólogo las identifique y conozca las consecuencias que ocasiona si no se previenen o tratan a tiempo. Se funda como premisa que el cuidado periodontal es, en esencia, labor del odontólogo general y que éste no puede pasar por alto la responsabilidad de proveer atención a todos los pacientes. La incidencia excesivamente alta de los problemas periodontales entre las población, dificulta que un número reducido de especialistas los pueda enfrentar. Asimismo, el estrecho vínculo entre los tratamientos dentales restaurativos y los regímenes periodontales hace muy importante que el odontólogo general disponga de conocimientos a fondo sobre periodoncia. En la cavidad bucal se producen variedades de enfermedades de etiología infecciosa bacteriana, lo más común son los abscesos del periodonto, estas entidades clínicas han sido reconocidas desde finales del siglo XIX. Es una infección localizada destructiva compuesta de colecciones sero-purulentas restos celulares, bacterianos con/sin fistulización. Es importante que el odontólogo, las identifique, así como las consecuencias que ocasionan si no se tratan a tiempo. El propósito de este reporte es describir de los abscesos del periodonto, su etiología, características clínicas, diagnósticos diferenciales y diferentes métodos de tratamiento, así como valorar sus complicaciones y cuidados postoperatorios. Para ello se realizó basado en los lineamientos de la investigación descriptiva documental, una revisión de la literatura nacional e internacional

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A variety of different etiologies pathologies can affect the oral cavity, due to this reason, dentists must be able to identify them and their consequences if they are not treated on time. It is primordial for the general practitioner dentists the periodontal care of their patients. Among the population the periodontal diseases are very common and only a reduced number of specialists can treat them. The close relation between restorative dental treatments and periodontal treatment procedures lead to the tendency that de general practitioner has enough knowledge in the periodontal field. A variety of etiologies infectious bacterium different disease can affect the oral cavity, the most common is the periodontal abscess, this clinical lesions These clinical entities have been recognized from the ends of the XIXth century. Localized destructive infections which consists in serum purulents cellular debris, bacteriae with or without sinus tract formation. Dentist must be able to recognize and treat them. The purpose of this research is to describe the possible etiologic, clinical features and treatment of this disease and also to recommend the multidisciplinary attention to these patients. For this paper was made a study based on the lineaments of the descriptive documental research, mainly with scientific bibliographic references literature national and international

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Absceso Periodontal/diagnóstico , Absceso Periodontal/etiología , Absceso Periodontal/patología , Enfermedades de la Boca/etiología , Enfermedades de las Encías/patología , Odontología

RESUMEN

En la cavidad bucal se pueden producir una variedad de enfermedades de diferente etiología, por ello es muy importante que el odontólogo las identifique y conozca las consecuencias que ocasiona si no se previenen o tratan a tiempo. Se funda como premisa que el cuidado periodontal es, en esencia, labor del odontólogo general y que éste no puede pasar por alto la responsabilidad de proveer atención a todos los pacientes. La incidencia excesivamente alta de los problemas periodontales entre las población, dificulta que un número reducido de especialistas los pueda enfrentar. Asimismo, el estrecho vínculo entre los tratamientos dentales restaurativos y los regímenes periodontales hace muy importante que el odontólogo general disponga de conocimientos a fondo sobre periodoncia. Entre las variedades de entidades patológicas con predilección con la cavidad bucal humana de presentación frecuente, están las ulceraciones bucales recidivantes, llamadas comúnmente aftas. Actualmente, la estomatitis aftosa recidivante, se reconoce como la enfermedad más común de la mucosa bucal conocida en el humano. Constituye una de las urgencias en Odontología es una forma de ulceración que se caracteriza por la aparición de una o más ulceras dolorosas con pérdida de la continuidad del epitelio, variable en forma, número y tamaño. Cura en pocos días, semanas o meses dependiendo de los factores de riesgo que la desencadenen. Los ataques pueden repetirse periódicamente. Es importante que el odontólogo, las identifique, así como las consecuencias que ocasiona si no se tratan a tiempo, así como las complicaciones. El propósito de este reporte es describir las diferentes presentaciones clínicas de dicha patología, su etiología, diagnósticos diferenciales y diferentes métodos de tratamiento, además de la interconsulta con diferentes áreas, para valorar sus complicaciones y cuidados postoperatorios

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A variety of different etiologies pathologies can affect the oral cavity, due to this reason, dentists must be able to identify them and their consequences if they are not treated on time. It is primordial for the general practitioner dentists the periodontal care of their patients. Among the population the periodontal diseases are very common and only a reduced number of specialists can treat them. The close relation between restorative dental treatments and periodontal treatment procedures lead to the tendency that de general practitioner has enough knowledge in the periodontal field. Among the variety of pathologic entities that affect the oral mucosa, that presents as ulcer and are really recurrent is the aphtous stomatitis in its different types. Actually the recurrent aphtous stomatitis is recognized, as the most common oral mucosa disease at the human beings. It is considered one of the emergencies in dentistry, and appear as one or multiple, different shapes o sizes, painful ulceration, due to the lost of epithelium. They cure in days, weeks or month upon of its type and etiologic factor. Recurrences may be periodically. Dentist must be able to recognize and treat them. The purpose of this research is to describe the possible etiologic agents, clinical features and treatment of this disease and also to recommend the multidisciplinary attention to these patient. For this paper was made a study based on the lineaments of the descriptive documental research, mainly with scientific bibliographic references literature national and international

Asunto(s)

Femenino , Estomatitis Aftosa/etiología , Estomatitis Aftosa/patología , Enfermedades de la Boca , Boca , Salud Bucal , Úlceras Bucales