RESUMEN
Older adults are mostly affected by chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The present study aimed to evaluate oxidative stress in CLL and to assess its impact on IL-9, Th9 cells levels and prognosis of cases. Seventy Egyptian CLL patients and 15 healthy controls were included. Th9 cell and immunophenotyping of abnormal B cells were assessed by flow cytometry, IL-9 level using ELISA, IL-9 mRNA by qRT-PCR, cytogenetics using FISH, and oxidative stress parameters were determined spectrophotometrically and with native gel electrophoresis. Oxidative stress was elevated in CLL that correlated with abnormal immunophenotyping, cytogenetic changes, bad prognosis, Th9 cells, and overexpression of IL-9. Levels of IL-9 and Th9 cells were strongly correlated with oxidative stress and bad prognostic markers in CLL, indicating that these cells may contribute to CLL by novel mechanisms that could include oxidant injury.
Asunto(s)
Leucemia Linfocítica Crónica de Células B/inmunología , Estrés Oxidativo/inmunología , Linfocitos T Colaboradores-Inductores/inmunología , Humanos , Activación de Linfocitos/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Elevated serum levels of cystatin C are found to be related to poor outcome and metastatic potential of some malignant disorders. To evaluate the clinical prominence of serum cystatin C in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), blood samples were obtained from 58 patients at the time of diagnosis and paired blood samples were obtained from 22 patients at the time of remission. Also, serum cystatin C level was measured in matched healthy controls. Serum cystatin C levels were significantly more elevated in DLBCL patients than in controls (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, paired-sample analysis revealed that pretreatment cystatin C levels were reduced significantly in patients who achieved remission after therapy (p = 0.016). High serum cystatin C levels were correlated with age over 60 years (p = 0.049), extra-nodal involvement (p = 0.005) and with high serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (p < 0.013). Elevated serum cystatin C levels were associated with extra-nodal involvement and they were significantly reduced to normal range after the remission. However, Kaplan-Meier curves revealed no survival difference in the pretreatment serum cystatin C levels. Therefore, serum cystatin C may be a novel biomarker that reflects tumor burden in DLBCL but bears no prognostic significance regarding survival.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Both pulsed dye laser and combined 585/1064-nm (sequential dual-wavelength PDL and Nd:YAG) laser improves inflammatory skin disorders including acne vulgaris. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 585-nm pulsed dye laser versus sequential dual-wavelength PDL and Nd:YAG in treatment of acne vulgaris. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Thirty patients with acne vulgaris were treated by PDL alone on half of the face while contra lateral half was treated by combined 585/1064 nm laser. RESULTS: The study showed that inflammatory acne lesions count was significantly reduced by 82.5% (p 0.0001) on PDL sides and by 83.5% (p 0.00001) on combined 585/1064-nm side after 8 weeks, while reduction of non-inflammatory acne lesions was observed at 8 weeks by 58.4% and 71.5% respectively. However, difference between the two modalities was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: PDL and combined PDL/Nd:YAG laser treatment were found to be an effective, safe and well-tolerated treatment option for inflammatory and non-inflammatory acne vulgaris.
Asunto(s)
Acné Vulgar/cirugía , Láseres de Colorantes/uso terapéutico , Láseres de Estado Sólido/uso terapéutico , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudios Prospectivos , Método Simple Ciego , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Numerous prognostic markers were introduced to screen for patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) likely to have a progressive course, bearing the potential to facilitate risk-adapted treatment strategies. Extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) functions as a "natural adjuvant" that boosts immune response in the tumor microenvironment. Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1 (CD39/ENTPD1) is the ectonucleotidase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP. The present study was conducted to analyze CD39 expression in T cells and B-CLL cells to evaluate its impact on the clinical course of patients with B-CLL and correlate its levels with well-established risk factors. T-cell CD39 expression was significantly increased in patients' peripheral blood compared to healthy controls. The higher levels were associated with advanced stages of disease and negatively interacted with time to first treatment. Overall, our data indicate that T-cell CD39 expression may identify subsets of patients with B-CLL with an unfavorable clinical outcome. Moreover, it can be incorporated into prognostic schema to improve the prediction of CLL disease progression.
Asunto(s)
Antígenos CD/metabolismo , Apirasa/metabolismo , Biomarcadores de Tumor , Leucemia Linfocítica Crónica de Células B/diagnóstico , Leucemia Linfocítica Crónica de Células B/metabolismo , Anciano , Antígenos de Superficie/metabolismo , Linfocitos B/metabolismo , Linfocitos B/patología , Aberraciones Cromosómicas , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunofenotipificación , Leucemia Linfocítica Crónica de Células B/mortalidad , Leucemia Linfocítica Crónica de Células B/terapia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Pronóstico , Linfocitos T/metabolismoRESUMEN
Th17 cells and their effector cytokines have emerged as important mediators in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases and serve as an ambitious field in current immunology research. Recent studies suggest a potential impact of Th17 cells on solid tumors but relatively little is known about their contribution in hematological malignancies. The current study was designed to investigate the possible involvement and clinical significance of circulating Th17 cells in acute leukemia. Flow cytometry was used to analyze percentages of Th17 cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 93 acute leukemia patients (ALL, n = 30; AML, n = 63) and 40 healthy volunteers. Serum levels of IL-17 and IL-21 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Circulating Th17 cells were increased in patients with acute leukemia (2.88 ± 0.65% and 2.90 ± 0.57% in ALL and AML patients, respectively) and were significantly higher than in healthy controls (1.10 ± 0.28%; P = 0.001). Furthermore, pretreatment Th17 cells were reduced significantly in patients who achieved complete remission after induction therapy (2.25 ± 0.44 % and 1.63 ± 0.27% in ALL and AML patients, respectively, P < 0.0001). Serum levels of IL-17 and IL-21 were significantly elevated in acute leukemia patients. Kaplan-Meier curves revealed a significantly longer overall survival in patients with high Th17 levels (P = 0.029 and P = 0.027 for ALL and AML, respectively). In the multivariate analysis, Th17 cells retained statistical significance for overall survival in patients with ALL (OR 0.331; P = 0.043) and AML (OR 0.489; P = 0.032). These results strongly suggest Th17 cells as a powerful new prognostic determinant which could serve as a potential therapeutic target to modulate anti-tumor response in acute leukemia patients.